Braubach

Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Rhein-Lahn district
Association municipality :	Loreley
Height :	72 m above sea level NHN
Area :	19.54 km 2
Residents:	3002 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	154 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	56338
Area code :	02627
License plate :	EMS, DIZ, GOH
Community key :	07 1 41 501
LOCODE :	DE BHY
Association administration address:	Dolkstrasse 3 ; 56346 St. Goarshausen
Website :	www.braubach.de
City Mayor :	Joachim Müller ( CDU )
Location of the city of Braubach in the Rhein-Lahn district

Aerial view of Braubach with Marksburg May 2005

The Marksburg in Braubach

The upper gate, the easternmost gate of the city wall

War memorial and St. Barbara Church (background)

Braubach with Marksburg - excerpt from the Topographia Hassiae by Matthäus Merian 1655

Engraving around 1630

The city of Braubach is located in the Rhein-Lahn district in Rhineland-Palatinate . The city belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Loreley , whose largest municipality it is with over 3,000 inhabitants. It is part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site . It is particularly famous for its location below the Marksburg , the only undestroyed castle on the Middle Rhine . Braubach is designated as a basic center according to state planning .

geography

Geographical location

Braubach is located on the right bank of the Rhine about ten kilometers south of Koblenz , where the Mühlbach, the right tributary of the Rhine, has cut two deep valleys into the Rhenish Slate Mountains . These valleys ensure, on the one hand, that roads from the Rhine to the surrounding villages in the Taunus could be built, on the other hand, one of these valleys encloses a single mountain southeast of Braubach with steep slopes, which is ideal for the construction of a castle Requirements. The Marksburg was built here.

City structure

The Hinterwald district also belongs to Braubach.

history

The Celts settled the Marksburgberg as early as the La Tène period (approx. 400 to 100 BC).

Probably the first documentary mention of the village "Briubach super fluvium Reni" took place on July 28, 692, when a Helingarius (or Helmgar ) united abbot Giso of Bonn's "Basilica of St. Cassius and Florentius" (predecessor of today's cathedral church ) for his salvation Weinberg gave. This is also one of the oldest written evidence of viticulture on the right bank of the Rhine.

Presumably with the construction of the Marksburg (first mentioned in a document in 1231) an urban settlement was created below the castle in the area of today's old town.

On December 1, 1276, King Rudolf von Habsburg granted Gottfried von Eppstein the same rights for his city Braubach on the Rhine as those of other cities in the empire and approved the use of the name of a free city. The Eppsteiner owned the castle and town as an Electoral Palatinate fief. In 1283 the Counts of Katzenelnbogen became rulers with Eberhard I. 1479 under Heinrich III. the Landgraves of Hesse , who introduced the Reformation in 1527. When the Hessian inheritance was divided up in 1567, the Braubach office came to Landgrave Philip II of Hesse-Rheinfels along with the entire Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen. Braubach was expanded into a princely secondary residence: For this purpose, Philip II of Hesse-Rheinfels had the Philippsburg Palace built between 1567 and 1570 at the southern end of the city below the Marksburg.

After the early death of the Landgrave in 1583, Braubach and Rhens left the political association of the Lower County of Katzenelnbogen, because Philipp had his wife Anna Elisabeth, a daughter of Elector Friedrich III. from the Palatinate , these two cities as widows property for life. Due to their new marriage in 1599, the Wittum Braubach was dissolved in 1602 and initially fell equally to the three remaining Hessian lines of Kassel, Marburg and Darmstadt. Since Ludwig IV of Hessen-Marburg had waived his share in favor of his nephew Moritz von Hessen-Kassel, two thirds of the Braubach office and the Rhens pledge belonged to Hessen-Kassel and one third to Hessen-Darmstadt. Because the entire Niedergrafschaft fell to Hessen-Darmstadt around 1627, the Braubach office also returned - now definitively - to the Lutheran denomination and thus shared the political affiliation of the other Katzenelnbogic offices for the last time.

In 1643, however, Braubach left the political association of the Lower Counties for good, this time for good, because Landgrave Georg II of Hesse-Darmstadt handed over the office to his brother Johann , whose rule was henceforth called Hesse-Braubach. When Hessen-Kassel seized the Niedergrafschaft in autumn 1647, Johann von Hessen-Braubach remained neutral, which is why his area was excluded from the restitution of the remaining Niedergrafschaft to Hessen-Kassel, which was decreed in the Hessian main recession on April 14, 1648. This contract confirmed the pledging of the Braubach office and the parish Katzenelnbogen to Landgrave Johann and his biological heirs, but granted Hessen-Kassel a proportional inheritance claim if Landgrave Johann should not leave any biological heirs. This case occurred in 1651, and the rule of Hessen-Braubach fell back to the House of Hessen-Darmstadt.

After the Congress of Vienna , Braubach came to the Duchy of Nassau and on July 1, 1816, became the seat of the ducal Nassau office of Braubach .

The city became Prussian in 1866 after Prussia annexed the Duchy of Nassau after the German War .

After the First World War Braubach was occupied until the departure of the French in 1929, after the Second World War it belonged also to the French occupation zone and was the newly formed country Rhineland-Palatinate slammed and the County St. Goarshausen belong, the 1969 Rhein-Lahn-Kreis opened .

In 1963 the Rosenberg mine opened in 1723 was shut down. On June 10, 1979, the Hinterwald community was incorporated into Braubach.

From 1972 to June 2012 Braubach was the administrative seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Braubach , since then the city has been the second administrative seat of the new Verbandsgemeinde Loreley .

politics

City council

City council election 2019 in Braubach

Participation: 59.2% (+ 2.7%)

%

40

30th

20th

10

0

36.5

35.4

28.1

FBL

CDU

SPD

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

% p

10

8th

6th

4th

2

0

-2

-4

-6

+8.2

-2.3

-5.9

FBL

CDU

SPD

The city council in Braubach consists of 20 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the city council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FBL	total
2019	6th	7th	7th	20 seats
2014	7th	7th	6th	20 seats
2009	6th	7th	7th	20 seats
2004	8th	7th	5	20 seats

FBL = Free Citizens List of the City of Braubach e. V.

mayor

Mayor of Braubach is Joachim Müller (CDU). In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was re-elected with 69.33% of the vote.

Hinterwald district

The Hinterwald district is the only designated district in the city of Braubach. A local advisory council was not set up.

Ulrich Pleimes has been the mayor since 2011 (independent, supported by the CDU). In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was re-elected with 73.75% of the vote.

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In blue on the right a six-pointed golden star , on the left a facing golden moon ." The symbols were first used in a seal in 1581. The meaning or origin could not be clarified. In 1935 they wanted to change the star because it was interpreted as the Star of David due to its six points .

Partner municipality

Villeneuve-sur-Yonne ( France ), since 1968

Since 1962 there has been an uninterrupted student exchange between Braubach and Villeneuve-sur-Yonne.

Culture and sights

Braubach belongs to the Catholic diocese of Limburg , Rhein-Lahn district, pastoral area Braubach / Kamp-Bornhofen, parish Hl. Geist, and to the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau , provost of South Nassau, dean's office Nassau.

The old town with its narrow streets is still characterized by numerous half-timbered houses from the 16th to 18th centuries.

The Marksburg is representative of the building of castles on the Middle Rhine . It was not until the Philippsburg Palace was built that the Marksburg was given its name. It is named after the patron saint of the castle chapel, the evangelist Markus . The Marksburg is the only undestroyed hilltop castle on the Middle Rhine. Since 1900 it has been owned by the German Castle Association , which has had its headquarters there since 1931.

Philippsburg Castle , built between 1568 and 1571. The European Castle Institute is located here with a castle- historical library.

St. Barbarakirche - former parish church, built in 1276 directly on the city wall. The north-west tower of the city fortifications was later expanded into a bell tower. The striking roof and the tower dome with four dormers were added in 1688. With the Reformation, St. Barbara's Church was used as a Protestant church in 1526 and as a parish church until 1901. The church has been devastated many times throughout history. Today it serves as a Protestant community center. The tower and choir are still preserved from the original building.

The Evangelical St. Mark's Church was built in 1901 by the church builder Ludwig Hofmann .

Martinskapelle - oldest church in Braubach from 1242, first mentioned around 1000

Obertor - the easternmost gate of the city fortifications

War memorial in the Rhine enclosures for the fallen in 1870/71 and 1914/18

Grave of Heinrich Schlusnus - opera and concert singer

Eckfritz - inn from 1597

Beautiful half-timbered houses from the 16th to the 18th century

Sights in the area

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture, handicrafts and mining (mentioned for the first time in 1301) secured the main income of the Braubach population. The lead and silver smelter in Braubach has been in operation since 1691. A legacy of this industry has been heavy pollution . The city of Braubach had one of the highest levels of lead in Germany. In the most recent environmental medical examination, no health-critical values were reached in the population.

Today the former lead and silver smelter , whose exhaust ducts leading up to the heights ended in striking chimneys due to the smelter smoke generated during operation , is a modern recycling company ( Berzelius Metall ) for the processing of battery scrap. It has received multiple awards for compliance with strict environmental regulations when recycling old batteries.

As early as the 19th century, tourism, which was primarily determined by the Marksburg, became an important economic factor alongside the hut. Large hotels opened in the 1930s. In the 1970s, tourism on the Rhine collapsed. There was an upswing again with the Unesco World Heritage Middle Rhine Valley and the Rheinsteig .

In addition, Braubach is characterized by viticulture.

The Rheinsteig near Braubach

Hiking trails

The Rheinsteig from Bonn to Wiesbaden leads over the Marksburg and the Rhein-Camino (Jakobsweg) along the Rhine to Strasbourg and Basel goes through the place.

Regular events

Rhine in Flames

Large fireworks and ship convoy on the second Saturday in August along from Spay , Braubach with Marksburg , Brey , Rhens , Koblenz-Stolzenfels with Stolzenfels Castle , Lahnstein with Lahneck Castle and the mouth of the Lahn to the fireworks display from Ehrenbreitstein Fortress in Koblenz .

Wine festival

The winegrowers festival has been celebrated since 1922. The Braubach winemakers saw an opportunity to get their wine cellars free for the new harvest and still earn a little. At first, a few barrels were simply placed on the street and the Braubach citizens, who are very open to socializing, used this bar so actively that it became a permanent establishment. An agreement was reached on the first weekend in October, as this date was usually before the annual grape harvest. This also meant the last wine festival of the season on the Middle Rhine.

Christmas Market

The Braubach Christmas market, known for its romantic setting in the old town and its atmospheric atmosphere, opens its doors on the second weekend of Advent from 2 p.m.

The stalls stretch from Obermarktstraße over the historic market square to Schloßstraße. Mainly handicrafts and handicrafts determine the offer. This ranges from dry floristry, fillet embroidery, patchwork work, homemade clocks and wooden items to cribs with accessories. As the organizer, the city of Braubach attaches great importance to the selection of stands. Hobby artists and goods that fit the theme of Advent and Christmas are preferred.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Joseph Blum (1831–1888), mayor and member of the state parliament
Emilie Brentano , née Genger (born September 27, 1810 in Braubach, † October 1, 1882 in Aschaffenburg), first editor of the "Collected Writings" of the poet Clemens Brentano .
Otto Dressler (born November 1, 1930 in Braubach; † July 11, 2006 in Munich), sculptor and action artist
Michael Lieber (* 1953 in Braubach), politician, district administrator of the Altenkirchen district.
Franz Friedrich Röhling (1796–1846), publisher in Koblenz
August Schenck (1744–1806), President of the Darmstadt Court of Appeal
Heinrich Schlusnus (born August 6, 1888 in Braubach; † June 18, 1952 in Frankfurt am Main), opera and concert singer (baritone).
Will Tremper (born September 19, 1928 in Braubach; † December 14, 1998 in Munich), pianist, director and screenwriter.
Hannes Wildecker (born December 19, 1944 in Hinterwald), author

People associated with the city

Johann von Hessen-Braubach (born June 17, 1609 in Darmstadt ; † April 1, 1651 in Ems ) was Landgrave of Hessen-Braubach and general.
Johann Christian von Boyneburg (born April 12, 1622 in Eisenach , † December 8, 1672 in Mainz ) was under the brief rule of Landgrave Johann von Hessen-Braubach his first minister, then Elector Mainz statesman and diplomat.

Johann Balthasar Schupp (born March 1, 1610 in Gießen ; † October 26, 1661 in Hamburg ) was court preacher and superintendent in Braubach from 1647 to 1649, a German satirical writer and spiritual poet .

Bodo Heinrich Justus Ebhardt (born January 5, 1865 in Bremen; † February 13, 1945 at the Marksburg near Braubach) was a German architect, architectural historian, castle researcher, founder and long-time president of the German Castle Association.

Timo Scheider (born November 10, 1978 in Lahnstein ) is a German racing car driver and won the DTM title in the 2008 and 2009 seasons .

Karl Heidelbach (born March 26, 1923 in Hanau ; † 1993 in Cologne ) was a German painter who lived and worked in the Philippsburg zu Braubach from 1950–1967.

literature

Wolfgang David: Mining in Braubach. Documentation with 28 illustrations. Braubach: self-rel. 2001.
Karl Müller, Martina Kerber: The herb garden on the Marksburg. German Castle Association V. 1996.
Hellmuth Gensicke: History of the city of Braubach. Braubach: City of Braubach 1976.
David Lambert: Bergbau in Braubach , 138 pages, over 60 images, Lahnbrück-Verlag, 2012.
Alexander Ritter: Denomination and politics on the Hessian Middle Rhine (1527–1685), Darmstadt and Marburg 2007. (= sources and research on Hessian history 153).
Schoch, Klaus D .: Between vine hills and great politics. On the history of the city of Braubach am Rhein in the 20th century , 2 volumes, Braubach: Edition DS, 2016.

Documents

Web links

Commons : Braubach - Collection of Images

Wikisource: Braubach in Merian's Topographia Hassiae - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).

↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - regional data

^ J. Norrenberg: On the history of the Bonn Cassiusstift , in Rheinische Geschichtsblätter , 2nd year 1895–1896, p. 365, 369 ( 692 online edition at dilibri Rhineland-Palatinate )

↑ The original certificate is in the State Archive of Saxony-Anhalt under the signature H 9-2, 15 Subject 1-2 No. 3

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Alexander Ritter: Confession and politics on the Hessian Middle Rhine (1527–1685) . Darmstadt and Marburg 2007.

↑ Official municipality directory 2006 ( Memento from December 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (= State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 393 ). Bad Ems March 2006, p. 172 (PDF; 2.6 MB). Info: An up-to-date directory ( 2016 ) is available, but in the section "Territorial changes - Territorial administrative reform" it does not give any population figures.
^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: City Council Election 2019 Braubach. Retrieved November 2, 2019 .
^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Municipal elections 2014, city and municipal council elections
^ The State Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Loreley, Verbandsgemeinde, penultimate row of results. Retrieved November 2, 2019 .
↑ Information from the Loreley community - official announcements: Main statute of the city of Braubach from June 26th, 2019, § 2nd edition 28/2019. Linus Wittich Medien GmbH, accessed on November 2, 2019 .
↑ The Regional Returning Officer RLP: direct elections 2019. see Loreley, Verbandsgemeinde, last line of results. Retrieved October 26, 2019 .
↑ 50 years of twinning between Braubach and Villeneuve sur Yonne. Retrieved May 20, 2019 .
↑ Wash your hands . In: Der Spiegel . No. 35 , 1989, pp. 75-79 ( Online - Aug. 28, 1989 ).
↑ Brief report by the Rhineland-Palatinate Ministry for the Environment, Forests and Consumer Protection on the environmental medical examination of the physical lead exposure of the population of Braubach by the State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Supervision (LUWG) in 2010
↑ ^a ^b Braubach A portrait of the town
↑ Loreley Info / Braubach ; accessed on August 5, 2014

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_DE-RP-1] State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).

[regionaldaten-2] State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - regional data

[3] J. Norrenberg: On the history of the Bonn Cassiusstift , in Rheinische Geschichtsblätter , 2nd year 1895–1896, p. 365, 369 ( 692 online edition at dilibri Rhineland-Palatinate )

[4] The original certificate is in the State Archive of Saxony-Anhalt under the signature H 9-2, 15 Subject 1-2 No. 3

[:0-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Alexander Ritter: Confession and politics on the Hessian Middle Rhine (1527–1685) . Darmstadt and Marburg 2007.