Montabaur Office

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Map of the Montabaur office, 1828
The Montabaur office from 1816 in red within today's district area
Montabaur Castle

The Montabaur office , based in Montabaur, was an Electoral Trier office in the HRR and later one of 28 offices in the Duchy of Nassau , which was newly created on July 1, 1816 as part of a reorganization of the Nassau administration. At the head of the Office of the Duke stood as a local governor a bailiff .

In 1820 the office comprised the city of Montabaur, 38 villages , 33 farms and 27 mills , which formed 36 municipal districts. The municipalities were separate administrative bodies with their own executive boards, the mayors appointed by the state government . The Montabaur office was assigned to the Ehrenbreitstein administrative district until 1815 . In 1820, 3,053 families or 12,019 residents belonged to the office. Of these, 56 were Protestant, 12,901 Catholic, 12 Mennonites and 50 Jews.

The office had a total of 13,605 inhabitants in 1847.

history

Kurtrier

The city of Montabaur and the 38 villages of the later Nassau office of Montabaur were under Electoral Trier rule until 1803 . An exception to this was the town of Dies (today part of Gackenbach), half of which belonged to the Arnstein Monastery .

The core of the organization of the Archbishopric of Trier in the High Middle Ages were the state castles . They secured the power of the archbishopric and were directed by burgraves . In the 14th century an organization of offices was established. Elector Baldwin of Luxembourg formed an administrative office based on the French model. At the head of the offices there was now a bailiff . This formation of offices was not a single act, but was carried out in a multitude of individual steps, taking into account the local characteristics. During Baldwin's tenure, 30 offices are documented, including the Montabaur office in 1312.

Archbishop Johann VI. (1556–1567) ordered a four-year land tax on November 26, 1556 with the consent of the state estates in Koblenz. The tax amounted to 3.5 guilders per 1000 guilders of wealth. On July 20, 1563, he requested reports from all offices that should provide information about the places and the taxpayers there. In the Montabaur office there were 836 fire places in the following places:

Locality Number fire pits Trier subjects Stranger serfs
City of Montabaur 197
Suburbs
Pfaffenacker 41
Allmannshausen 29
Sauerthal 22nd
Horresses 11
Augst 560 677
Kadenbach 14th 8th 5
Arzbach 14th 7th 9
Eitelborn 13 8/10 3
Dernbach 22nd 29 6th
Eschelbach 11 13 1
Elgendorf 5 5 1
Siershahn 22nd 30th 3
Boar cock 12 18th 2
Wirges 54 65/67 6th
Helferskirchen, Niederdorf, Böhlingen, Hosten 30th 17/18 13
Big colliery
Ober- and Niederötzingen 24 32 2
Leuterod 7th 11/12 2
Moschheim 21st 25/27 2
Moschheim 21st 25/27 2
ground 11 8th 7th
Bannerschid 14th 18th 4th
Staudt 10 8th 2
Heiligenroth 26th 15/16 16
Wirzenborn 6th 3 3
Reckenthal 8th 6th 3
Bladernheim 5 5 2
Ettersdorf 12 9 2
Untershausen 8th 5 3
Stahlhofen 23 10 15th
Daubach 22nd 16 10
Welschneudorf ?
Niederelbert 39 28/29 12
Oberelbert 26th 15/17 12
Holler 27 19th 11
Gackenbach 13 8/9 8th
Huebingen 15th 10/11 4th
Horbach 16 4th 14th
This 2 1 1
Nentzingen 2 1 1
Kirchähr 2 2

Nassau

As a result of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (1803), the areas on the right bank of the Rhine of the Electorate of Trier fell to the Principality of Nassau-Weilburg . This also included the Montabaur office. At this point in time the merger of Nassau-Weilburg with Nassau-Usingen to form the later Duchy of Nassau was foreseeable, which was carried out in 1806.

De facto, Nassau-Weilburg took over the office of Montabaur on November 2, 1802 through the military occupation of Montabaur Castle and the public proclamation of the occupation under the beating of the drum. Previously, the Trier elector Clemens Wenzeslaus of Saxony had instructed his administration and his military not to offer any resistance. On November 29, 1802 he released his officials and subjects from their oaths towards him. Prince Friedrich Wilhelm von Nassau-Weilburg then confirmed all officials and other servants of the Electorate of Trier areas and thus also of the Montabaur office in their duties and salaries. This provisional occupation was confirmed with the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss on February 25, 1803. It was not until September 13, 1806, after the final establishment of the Duchy of Nassau, that the occupation was officially announced to the Montabaur population after they had been called to the town hall by a bell ringing.

In the years that followed, up to around 1820, administration, tax collection and the applicable laws were standardized in the very inhomogeneous parts of the Nassau region. For the Electoral Trier authorities, this meant, among other things, that they took over the legal tasks of the former local and parish courts. The officials were given criminal police duties.

The entry of the Prince of Nassau-Weilburg to the Rhine Confederation (1806) had no direct impact on the territory of the Montabaur office. In 1809 the four north-eastern parishes were spun off and merged into the Amt Meudt . Due to the resolutions passed at the Congress of Vienna (1815), the Heimbach parish was assigned to Prussia . After the reorganization of the offices in the Duchy of Nassau, the parishes of Arzbach, Heiligenroth, Hillscheid, Höhr, Holler, Kirchähr, Montabaur, Oberelbert and Wirges remained in the Montabaur office. As part of this reclassification, Winden and Weinähr were transferred to the Nassau office and Baumbach, Helferskirchen, Niederdorf and Ransbach to the Herschbach office . In 1840, the Montabaur district was one of the largest in Nassau, with 65,628 acres and 17,559 inhabitants. The city of Montabaur accounted for 11.7% of the area and 15.5% of the population.

After the March Revolution in 1848, the administration was reorganized. By law of April 4, 1849, administration and jurisdiction were separated at a lower level in Nassau. The reform came into effect on July 1, 1849. 10 district offices were established for administration , the offices continued as judicial offices (i.e. courts of first instance). The administrative tasks of the Montabaur office were carried out by the Nassau district office , the jurisdiction of the Montabaur judicial office. However, the reform was reversed on October 1, 1854, the districts abolished and the previous offices restored.

The Duchy of Nassau went to Prussia in 1866 , and in 1867 the office was subordinated to the district office of the newly created Prussian Unterwesterwaldkreis in the province of Hessen-Nassau . Only as part of this reorganization will administration and jurisdiction be separated. The judicial officials in the offices were initially responsible for the jurisdiction in the first instance, which was previously carried out by the office, and the Montabaur district court was formed on September 1, 1867 .

But even after the founding of the district, the previous office structure will be retained. The Royal Ordinance of February 22, 1867 regulated: "The administrative districts as narrower administrative districts exist in their previous limits" The former offices form the three districts of the district. According to § 13 of the district constitution, the districts sent the former offices six representatives to the new district council . The bailiff was in charge of the local police and the district administrator.

With the administrative reform of 1885/1886 the offices were finally dissolved.

Communities

From 1816 the following 36 municipalities belonged to the Montabaur office:
Population from 1823

  • Montabaur , city and headquarters at Poststrasse of Limburg to Coblenz , with suburbs Allmannshausen and Sauerthal, ducal palace, courtyard Rossberg, two brick huts, oil and fulling mill on the hammer Steeg, oil mill at Marau, paper mill to, Marauer mill Weißgerber mill and the mill Allmannshausen, a wool spinning mill, post office , Sauerbrunnen , 2889 inhabitants
  • Arzbach , Catholic parish village, 881 E.
  • Bannberscheid , an oil mill, 174 E.
  • Bladernheim , an oil mill, 99 E .; today part of Montabaur
  • Boden , the meadow mill 351 E.
  • Cadenbach , village on the Prussian border, 438 E.
  • Daubach , the Hänsgesmühle 184 E.
  • Dernbach , village with the Burgdernbach farm, the Ritzenmühle, 872 E.
  • Ebernhahn , 340 E.
  • Eitelborn with Hof Denzerhaid, village on the Prussian border, border customs office, a grinding and oil mill, 786 E.
  • Elgendorf , 425 E., today a district of Montabaur
  • Eschelbach , the millet, the Hütten and the Eschelbachermühle, 290 E .; today part of Montabaur
  • Ettersdorf , the Heckersmühle, 146 E .; today part of Montabaur
  • Gackenbach with Dies and Kirchähr , a parish with three villages, in Kirchähr a Catholic parish church, 359 E.
  • Heiligenroth , Catholic parish village on the Poststrasse from Limburg to Montabaur, the Erbenmühle and a wool spinning mill, 480 E.
  • Hillscheid , Catholic parish village on the Prussian border, border customs office, the Hetten mill and another grinding mill, 1132 E., many jug bakers
  • Höhr, large Catholic parish village on the Prussian border, border customs office, the Neumühle, 1310 E., many pipe, jug and jug bakers; today district of Höhr-Grenzhausen
  • Holler , the Erben and Heimberger mills, 512 E.
  • Horbach , the Weißmühle, 338 E.
  • Horressen , 431 E .; today part of Montabaur
  • Hübingen , village with a steelworks, 274 E.
  • Leuterod and Hosten, a parish with two villages, 353 E.
  • Moschheim , 311 E.
  • Neuhäusel , border village on the Poststrasse from Montabaur to Ehrenbreitstein , border customs office, 237 E.
  • Niederelbert , a mill, 666 E.
  • Oberelbert , Catholic parish village, a mill, 385 E.
  • Ötzingen , an oil mill, 316 E.
  • Reckenthal , 131 E .; today part of Montabaur
  • Siershahn , 511 E.
  • Simmern , village on the Prussian border, border customs office, 345 E.
  • Stahlhofen , 235 E.
  • Staudt , 278 E.
  • Untershausen , 129 E.
  • Welschneudorf , Jagdzeughaus, 451 E.
  • Wirges , Catholic parish village, 859 E.
  • Wirzenborn , pilgrimage chapel, church house, mill, 101 E .; today part of Montabaur

Parishes and parishes

The Catholic parishes in later Office Montabaur belonged until 1803 to the Land Chapter Cunostein-Engers in Archidiakonat Dietkirchen and Archbishopric of Trier .

In the Duchy of Nassau the Catholic churches in the Montabaur office were initially under the diocesan administration of the Archbishopric Trier Vicariate General of Limburg and the Montabaur Regional Chapter. After the establishment of the Diocese of Limburg (1827), the Catholic parishes of the offices of Montabaur and Nassau formed the deanery of Montabaur.

The office counted nine Catholic parishes, which belonged to the deanery of Montabaur:

  • Parish of St. Peter and Paul in Arzbach with Cadenbach, Eitelborn and Neuhäusel.
  • Parish of St. Petrus and Marcellinus in Heiligenroth, no belonging parishes.
  • Parish St. Josef in Hillscheid with Simmern.
  • Parish St. Peter and Paul in Höhr, parish were the parishes Hillgert with Faulbach and Grenzhausen belonging to the office of Selters .
  • Parish of St. Bartholomäus and Sebastian in Kirchähr with Gackenbach and Dies, Ettersdorf, Horbach and Hübingen and seven parishes in the Diez district .
  • Parish St. Peter in Ketten in Montabaur with the city of Montabaur and the communities Bladernheim, Boden, Elgendorf, Eschelbach, Horressen, Reckenthalm, Wirzenborn, and the
    subsidiary community of St. Margaretha in Holler with Daubach, Niederelbert, Stahlhofen, and Untershausen.
  • Parish of St. Laurentius in Oberelbert, with the
    subsidiary community of St. John the Baptist in Welschneudorf.
  • Parish of St. Bonifatius in Wirges with the villages of Bannberscheid, Dernbach, Ebernhahn, Leuterod, Moschheim, Ötzingen, Siershahn and Staudt.

In Montabaur there was a Protestant parish which belonged to the Diez deanery.

Official seat

The seat of the bailiff was Montabaur Castle .

Bailiffs

Magistrates Kurtrier

  • Hermann von Helfenstein 1293 (?)
  • Heinrich von Helfenstein 1311
  • Johann von Helfenstein 1311-1312
  • Werner Suess 1341
  • Reinhard, Lord of Westerburg 1350–1351
  • Gerlach, Lord of Isenburg 1354
  • Friedrich von Hattstein 1359-1361
  • Johann, Lord of Westerburg 1361
  • Arnold von Willmenrod 1377
  • Wilhelm von Helfenstein 1388
  • Dietrich von Staffel 1413-1414
  • Johann von Wied, Lord of Isenburg 1437
  • Peter von Eltz 1442
  • Heinrich Brant von dem Walde 1445
  • Wilhelm von Staffel 1451
  • Johann von Schevern (administrator) 1455
  • Johann von Langenau 1458–1459
  • Johann von Cronberg 1461
  • Philipp von Bicken 1464-1465
  • Peter von Eltz 1481–1488
  • Count Reinhard von Leiningen-Westerburg 1492–1504
  • Dietrich vom Stein 1508
  • Meffried von Brambach 1512
  • Dietrich vom Stein 1514–1526
  • Engelbrecht vom Stein after 1534
  • Thonges by Eltz 1539
  • Dietrich and Wilhelm von Staffel 1541
  • Thonges by Eltz 1543–1545
  • Hans Richard von Eltz 1549–1559
  • Philipp von Reifenberg 1559–1580
  • Melchior, son of Eltz 1581–1616
  • Carl von Metternich 1616–1621
  • Lothar von Metternich 1621–1631
  • Ott Heinrich Zant von Merl 1634
  • Caspar, Lord von Eltz 1636
  • Georg Ludwig von Brambach 1638 (administrator 1636–1645)
  • Henrich Ernst von der Felß 1646–1658
  • Philipp Emmerich Freiherr von Metternich 1659–1665
  • Johann Philipp von der Leyen 1666
  • Georg Friedrich von Walderdorf 1672
  • De Roben 1680
  • Johann Philipp von Reiffenberg 1686–1722
  • Anselm Friedrich Anton von Reifenberg (Exspectance 1709) 1718 and 1723–1739

Oberamtmen Kurtrier

Duchy of Nassau

  • 1816–1825: Joseph Siegfried
  • 1825–1832: Caesar Giese
  • 1832–1837: Christian Ludwig Wel (c) kenbach
  • 1837–1843: Friedrich Kissel
  • 1843–1845: Ludolph von Langen
  • 1846–1848: Ernst Heinrich Wolf (f)
  • 1848–1849: Jakob Isbert
  • 1854–1857: Friedrich Rath
  • 1857–1873: Ludwig Heinrich Christian Carl Gie (s) se
  • 1873–1877: vacancy
  • 1877–1880: David Christian Schütz
  • (1880–1884): Axel Friedrich Wilhelm Carl Hellmuth Count of Schwerin
  • (1884): Hugo Max Ferdinand von Auer
  • (1884–1886): Albrecht Graf von Carmer

literature

  • Thomas Klein: Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau, the series: Walther Hubatsch: Outline of German Administrative History 1815–1945, 1979, ISBN 3879691266 , pp. 167–168
  • Hellmuth Gensicke: Landesgeschichte des Westerwaldes, 1958, ISBN 3-922244-80-7 , pp. 498-499
  • Peter Blum: Montabaur as the official seat of Nassau. In: Nassau Annals. Volume 103, 1992, pp. 217-233.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ordinance sheet of the Duchy of Nassau dated June 7, 1816 ( online at Google Books )
  2. ^ A b c d e Nassauische Annalen : Jahrbuch des Verein für Nassauische Altertumskunde und Geschichtsforschung, Ed. 9-10, 1868, page 331. ( Online at Google Books )
  3. ↑ a b Schellenberg: State and Address Manual of the Duchy of Nassau , 1847, page 85 ( online at Google Books )
  4. ↑ Richard Laufner: The offices organization under Baldwin of Luxembourg; in: Johannes Mötsch , Franz-Josef Heyen (Hrsg.): Balduin von Luxemburg. Archbishop of Trier - Elector of the Empire. Festschrift on the occasion of the 700th year of birth. (= Sources and treatises on church history in the Middle Rhine . Vol. 53). Verlag der Gesellschaft für Mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte, Mainz 1985, pp. 289 ff., Digitized
  5. ^ Peter Brommer : The offices of Kurtrier. Manorial rule, jurisdiction, taxation and residents. Edition of the so-called fire book from 1563 . Society for Middle Rhine Church History , Trier 2003, ISBN 3-929135-40-X , pp. 18-19, digitized .
  6. ↑ Law of April 4, 1849 (VBl p. 87); Law, the execution of the law on the separation of the administration of justice from the administration in the lower instance on May 31, 1849, (VBl p. 409)
  7. ↑ Law of July 24, 1854 (Bvl. P. 160)
  8. ↑ VO of June 26, 1867, GS p. 1094
  9. ↑ Royal Decree of February 22, 1867 Supplement to the intelligence paper for Nassau of March 11, 1867, § 8 and 9
  10. ↑ GS 1885, p. 229
  11. ^ Johann Andreas Demian: Handbook of geography and statistics of the Duchy of Nassau , 1823, page 222 online at Google Books