Office Blankenstein

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hessian hinterland (excluding the Vöhl exclave ) 1815–1866

The office of Blankenstein ( Marburg-Biedenkopf district , Hesse ) was almost identical to the judicial district of Gladenbach , first mentioned in 1237 , which in turn goes back to the district of one cent . The office was in what is known as the Hessian hinterland , which essentially shared its history and existed until 1821. Blankenstein Castle near Gladenbach gave the office its name.

function

Offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

history

middle Ages

Only since the 1380s has a Blankenstein office been reported in documents. The elevation to office must have taken place during this time, because when Johannes von Weitershausen was appointed as administrator in 1398 , the document already names him an official. Until the 1370s, the Gladenbach judicial district was not yet an office. The administrative district was subordinate to the higher court in Marburg and was co-administered from there.

The administrative administration established in Gladenbach from then on, got its name from Blankenstein Castle near Gladenbach . It was the seat of the bailiff. The district / judicial district was divided into "upper court" with the suburb of Hartenrod and "lower court" with the suburb of Gladenbach. At about the same time as the division of the administrative district, the Hartenrod parish was hived off (around the middle of the 14th century, Peter von Buchenau died as pastor in Hartenrod in 1367), which previously belonged to Gladenbach.

According to a directory of all homeowners in the Gladenbach court / office, which was created around the year 1400, it included almost all places that today belong to the two large communities Bad Endbach and Gladenbach. The following are named in detail: Ammenhausen (near Gladenbach), Bellnhausen , Bottenhorn , Dernbach (as the aristocratic seat of those von Dernbach with Neu-Dernbach Castle, it was not subject to the court in Gladenbach until 1617), Diedenshausen , Endbach , Erdhausen , Friebertshausen , Frohnhausen , Gladenbach , Günterod (belonged to Herr von Dernbach from 1354 to 1443), Hartenrod , Hülshof (belonged as a cloister courtyard to Altenberg near Wetzlar from 1299 to 1463), Kehlnbach , Krumbach , Mornshausen an der Salzböde , Rachelshausen , Römershausen , Rüchenbach , Runzhausen , Schlierbach , Sinkershausen , Weidenhausen and Wommelshausen .

From the 13th century the office belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse .

Upper court / lower court in the Blankenstein office

The upper and lower courts were merely administrative districts of the same office and also corresponded to the former parishes of Hartenrod and Gladenbach. The border ran along the Hessian Inneheege ( Mittelhessische Landheegen ).

The designation upper court with the suburb Hartenrod did not mean higher court. The district was seen from Gladenbach (official seat) on the upper reaches of the Salzböde , so further up and was therefore called the upper court. The former judicial district of the upper court is now congruent with the municipality of Bad Endbach. The lower court with the suburb of Gladenbach was below and includes the area of ​​today's city of Gladenbach. This distinction also existed in the Breidenbacher Grund .

Interestingly, there are noticeable differences between the dialect ( Hinterländer Platt ) in the lower court and that in the upper court . The former women's costumes (see Hinterland costumes ) also showed differences, especially when it came to headgear. In the lower court one wore the Schneppekapp , in the upper court the Dellmutsche , which was also worn in the former Biedenkopf office .

The upper court included the following places: Bottenhorn, Dernbach, Endbach, Günterod, Hartenrod, Hülshof, Schlierbach and Wommelshausen with hut .

Early modern age

With the division of Hesse in 1567, the office first fell to Hessen-Marburg and when this line died out in 1604 to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel . Between 1604 and 1648 there were disputes and armed conflicts between Hessen-Darmstadt and the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel over this inheritance (see Hessenkrieg ). Only the contracts of 1627 and 1648 between the two parties ended these disputes and finally awarded the office to Hessen-Darmstadt. In 1806 the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt became the Grand Duchy of Hessen .

Grund Breidenbach

In addition, there was a judicial sub-office with the reason Breidenbach , which had to turn to the Oberamt Gladenbach in judicial matters. The Breidenbacher Grund natural area was later named after the judicial district . The district included the places Breidenbach , Achenbach , Breidenstein , Frechenhausen , Gönnern , Kleingladenbach , Lixfeld , Niederdieten , Niederhörlen , Niedereisenhausen , Oberdieten , Oberhörlen , Obereisenhausen , Quotshausen , Roth , Simmersbach , Steinperf , Wallau with the farm Bellinghausen and Weifenbach .

In 1771 the reason Breidenbach was described as follows:

  • Lower court (Hessen-Darmstadt 3 ⁄ 8 , von Breidenbach 2 ⁄ 8 , von Breidenstein 3 ⁄ 8 ):
    • The Melsbach court with Ittein, Klein Gladenbach, Wissenbach, Achenbach, Ober-Dieden, Weisenback, Wallau im Elsbach
    • The Schmidtgericht with Breidenbach behind the Kirchbof, Wallau unterm Weg, Wolzhausen
    • The hereditary court with Wallau im Heimbach, Breidenbach in front of the churchyard, Nieder-Dieden, Quoteshausen, Nieder-Hörle
  • Supreme Court:
    • Court Lixfeld (Hessen-Darmstadt 5 ⁄ 16 , von Breidenbach 2 ⁄ 16 , von Breidenstein 9 ⁄ 16 ) with Simmersbach, Ober-Hörle, Lixfeld, Frechenbausen, patrons
    • Court of Ober-Eisenhausen (Hessen-Darmstadt 3 ⁄ 8 , von Breidenbach 2 ⁄ 8 , von Breidenstein 3 ⁄ 8 ) with Ober- and Nieder-Eisenhausen and Steinperf
    • Court of Roth (Hessen-Darmstadt 1 ⁄ 4 , from Breidenstein 3 ⁄ 4 ) with the village of Roth

The End

As a result of the administrative reform in the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1821, the offices were dissolved, merged into district districts and the administration of justice was also separated from the lower level. Together with parts from other offices and courts, the office of Blankenstein (excluding the place Krumbach) was incorporated into the district of Gladenbach (a total of 48 places with 13,590 inhabitants). The newly established District Court of Gladenbach was responsible for the jurisdiction . Eleven years later, the district of Gladenbach was again part of the Biedenkopf district (also: Hinterlandkreis ).

Bailiffs

  • Johann Georg Zühl

literature

  • Dieter Blume , Jürgen Runzheimer : Gladenbach and Blankenstein Castle. Hitzerroth, Marburg 1987, ISBN 3-925944-15-X .
  • Hans Friebertshäuser: The women's costume of the old office Blankenstein. Elwert, Marburg 1966. (Contributions to the folklore of Hesse, Volume 5)
  • Norbert Gebauer: Castle, court and old law: The Gladenbach area in the 13th century . Region and history, commemorative publication for the 100th anniversary of the Hinterland History Association. Contributions to the history of the hinterland, Volume IX., Biedenkopf 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-024569-5 , pp. 97-107.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 points 1 and 6b ( online at google books ).
  2. ^ Anton Friedrich Büsching: D. Anton Friderich Büsching's new description of the earth. The German empire. tape 3 . JC Bohn, 1771, p. 1262 ( on google books ).
  3. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 403ff.
  4. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 403ff.
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 409.
  6. ^ Zühl, Johann Georg in the Hessian Biography

Coordinates: 50 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  E