Oberhörlen

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Oberhörlen
Community Steffenberg
Coat of arms of Oberhörlen
Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 4 ″  N , 8 ° 25 ′ 12 ″  E
Height : 418 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.1 km²
Residents : 781  (Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 110 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1972
Postal code : 35239
Area code : 06464
Aerial view of Oberhörlen
Aerial view of Oberhörlen

Oberhörlen is the third largest in terms of population of six villages in the Steffenberg municipality in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in central Hesse .

Geographical location

Oberhörlen is located in a basin in the Gladenbacher Bergland , which extends on the eastern edge of the Rhenish Slate Mountains to the Hessian Basin. It is the largest district of Steffenberg in terms of area. It also has the largest forest in the municipality, which consists mainly of mixed forests.

It is named after the Hörle , which flows into the Perf , a tributary of the Lahn , after about 4 kilometers . The Mattenberg (577 m) is the highest point in the village area; thus has Oberhörlen, after at Biedenkopf located bagpipe , the highest point in the district.

Neighboring towns are Oberdieten (community Breidenbach ) in the north, Niederhörlen in the east, Gönnern and Lixfeld (both community Angelburg ) in the south and Simmersbach (community Eschenburg ) in the west.

history

The history of Oberhörlen before the 13th century AD is still in the dark. It can only be proven that it began with the aristocratic families residing in the area and is closely associated with the Lords of Breidenbach . Oberhörlen itself was first mentioned in 1327 as "Horla".

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports about Oberhörlen in 1830:

"Oberhörle (L. Bez. Gladenbach) evangel. Parish village; is 3 1 / 2  hrs from Gladenbach, and belongs to the Baron Breidenstein. The place has 49 houses and 314 inhabitants who are Protestant, as well as 1 church and 1 mill. - Oberhörle and Niederhörle used to be called Zweyhorle . Good iron stones were found here around 1639, and steel stone and lead ore were found here in 1731. The place belonged to the Lixfeld court up to the most recent times, with Frechenhausen, Lixfeld and Simmersbach. There was also a special court with 12 lay judges, called Vogtgericht and Vogtschöffen. "

Territorial reform

On April 1, 1972, Oberhörlen was incorporated into the new community of Steffenberg.

Field names and their meanings

In the pit, In the nickel, By the iron chew; These field names indicate ore deposits and former mining. In 1639 Eisenstein was found in Oberhörlen, in 1731 steel stone and lead ore.

On the burned stick

This name should refer to a former charcoal burner.

Gallows Mountain

Oberhörlen had been the suburb of the Lixfeld court since the beginning of the 16th century. The plateau on which the refuge stands today, with the steep cliff above it, was probably once an execution site, which, according to medieval custom, was located at a location that was visible from afar and in the border area of ​​a judicial district. From the 13th century, Oberhörlen came under the jurisdiction of the Lords of Breidenbach, whose domain in what is now Simmersbach's territory bordered on that of the Counts of Nassau. The border here probably ran over the ridge, and the execution site on the 541 m high Galgenberg was thus in a prominent location on the border of the Breidenbach jurisdiction.

Devil's Trench

Evidently the Teufelsgraben was a boundary marker. He may have been part of a Landwehr , a medieval border security system. Possibly it should also direct the movement of people and goods from north to south (and vice versa). Like the Landwehr, the Teufelsgraben also had thorn hedges and dense bushes on its walls and should not be understood primarily as a water-bearing ditch. The “Gönnersche Wejelche” could have been a passage.

Kimmelholz

This name has nothing to do with “caraway”, but is more likely derived from the old Celtic “cammino” (paved path). It is therefore conceivable that a paved path led through the Kimmelholz, past the Galgenberg, which represented a connection with the Nassau region.

Hessel quarry

In the Lahn-Dill-Bergland, large and high-yield quarries were opened at the end of the 19th century. To this day, diabase ("Hinterland green stone") is mined here. From this material, stone, gravestones, paving stones, chippings, gravel as well as floor slabs and facade cladding were and are still made today. The Hessel quarry was put into operation in the 1880s. Until the 1950s, the basements of the houses in Oberhörlen were mostly made from the stones from the quarry. Diabase from the quarry was also used very early on for public buildings, such as the school built in 1901 and the parsonage from 1913. The quarry was abandoned in the late 1950s.

Knechtsburg

The most interesting field name is probably the "Knechtsburg". It has been passed down for generations that when driving on the farm road that borders today's sports field to the west, the iron-tired teams of that time sounded "hollow".

So far there are no clues that could give an indication of what time the field name comes from, why the area is called that, and whether and in what form a defensive facility may have existed on the Knechtsburg. If one remembers the stories of long dead ancestors that the village of Oberhörlen originally stood on the upper reaches of the Hörle, then it is at least remarkable that it is only a few hundred meters to the Knechtsburg.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Oberhörlen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 022 house seats
• 1630: 021 house seats (5 two-horse, 11 single-horse farmland, 5  single-horse )
• 1677: 021 men, 6 young teams, 11 single teams
• 1742: 037 households
• 1791: 231 inhabitants
• 1800: 230 inhabitants
• 1806: 250 inhabitants, 44 houses
• 1829: 314 inhabitants, 49 houses
Steinperf: Population from 1791 to 2011
year     Residents
1791
  
 231
1800
  
 230
1806
  
 250
1829
  
 314
1834
  
 331
1840
  
 325
1846
  
 316
1852
  
 318
1858
  
 363
1864
  
 332
1871
  
 308
1875
  
 344
1885
  
 376
1895
  
 419
1905
  
 364
1910
  
 391
1925
  
 426
1939
  
 480
1946
  
 690
1950
  
 633
1956
  
 626
1961
  
 625
1967
  
 659
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 768
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1829: 314 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1885: 375 Protestant, another Christian inhabitant
• 1961: 527 Protestant (= 84.32%), 62 Catholic (= 9.92%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1867: Labor force: 49 agriculture, one church and worship,
• 1961: Labor force: 157 agriculture and forestry, 159 manufacturing, 21 trade and transport, 19 services and other.

Culture and sights

Oberhörlen Church

Buildings

  • Baroque half-timbered church with rectory in the town center
  • Hörlepanoramaweg - a certified premium hiking trail in the Lahn-Dill-Bergland nature park; according to the German hiking institute in Germany belongs to the top group.

Clubs and groups

  • Village association "Mer Uwernhöller"
  • Oberhörlen volunteer fire brigade in 1934
  • SSV Hörlen 1954
  • 1st TC Steffenberg 1978
  • YMCA trombone choir
  • Flute circle
  • Rainbow choir
  • Pray-bih (youth group)
  • YMCA girls and boys
  • Youth Cafe
  • Youth group "Guggugs 1990"
  • Visiting group community coffee of the Protestant church
  • Coffee party 1974
  • Aerobics Hotline 1992
  • DRK senior dance group 1987
  • DRK gymnastics group

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Until 1823 the patrimonial court of Grund Breidenbach; 1923: Separation of the judiciary ( Biedenkopf Regional Court ) and administration.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Oberhörlen, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b numbers data facts. In: website. Community of Steffenberg, accessed March 2020 .
  3. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Steffenberg Environmental Report 2008@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.steffenberg.de
  4. ↑ Festschrift Oberhörlen 1984; Steinmann, Bauer, p. 22
  5. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 219 ( online at google books ).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 350 .
  7. ↑ Wiktionary: en: camminus
  8. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  10. ^ The affiliation of the office Blankenstein based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  11. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 point 6c) ( online at google books ).
  12. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 7, 430 ( online at google books ).
  13. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  247 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  14. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 416 ( online at Google Books ).
  15. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  191 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  16. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  203 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  17. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  18. ↑ Hörlepanoramaweg ( Memento from August 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) On the website of the “Region Lahn-Dill-Bergland e. V. "
  19. ↑ Extra tour Hörlepanoramaweg