Gladenbacher Bergland

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Gladenbacher Bergland
View from the south from Dreisberg to Gladenbach

View from the south from Dreisberg to Gladenbach

Highest peak Angelburg ( 609.4  m above sea  level )
location Central Hesse (to a small extent also Wittgensteiner Land , North Rhine-Westphalia)
part of natural Westerwald , Rhenish Slate Mountains
Coordinates 50 ° 47 '  N , 8 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 47 '  N , 8 ° 26'  E
Type Low mountain range
surface 780 km²
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The Gladenbacher Bergland , named after the central city of Gladenbach , is one to 609.4  m above sea level. NHN high low mountain range in the Rhenish Slate Mountains at the interface of the Rothaar Mountains (north and northwest), Westerwald (southwest), (eastern) Hintertaunus (in the south) and West Hessian mountainous region in the east. It is located in Central Hesse in the districts of Marburg-Biedenkopf , Lahn-Dill and Gießen within the so-called Lahn - Dill - ( Dietzhölze ) loop. Small parts of the Upper Lahn Valley in the northwest, along with the town of Bad Laasphe, also belong to the Siegen-Wittgenstein district , North Rhine-Westphalia .

In the system of natural spaces in Germany, the Gladenbacher Bergland represents the main unit 320 within the main unit group 32 - Westerwald .

The Gladenbacher Bergland overlaps to a large extent with the area of ​​the Lahn-Dill-Bergland Nature Park , which is more extensive to the west and somewhat narrower to the southeast , the boundaries of which are based on the districts of the municipalities involved. In addition, it is part of the historical Hessian hinterland to a large extent , which is why reference is made to the two articles mentioned if it is about regional associations, culture and history. In contrast, geology and mining are largely dealt with in the article Lahn-Dill area .

View of Bottenhorn in a slight hollow (485 m upwards) on the Bottenhorn plateau ; in the background the 609.4  m high fishing castle

Location and limits

The Gladenbacher Bergland northeast of the Westerwald
The striking elevations on the eastern edge of the Zollbuche natural area viewed from the north (from right to center): Dreisberg (448 m), Koppe (454 m) and Hemmerich (470 m). To the right of the middle you can see the more distant Dünsberg (498 m), while the Zollbuche ridge goes right into the Bad Endbacher Platte (up to 488 m).
Seen the Gladenbacher Bergland in November 2016 from Wetzlar

Limit to Lahn and Dill - clockwise, starting in the north - in addition to various municipalities and local authorities the following cities the Gladenbacher Bergland:

The north-western transitions into the Rothaar Mountains are comparatively fluid. Here the watershed between the Lahn tributaries Banfe and Perf is defined as the boundary.

In contrast, the separation from the same mountain range through the Upper Lahn valley (still part of the Gladenbacher Bergland) in the north is comparatively sharp.

To the northeast, the Gladenbacher Bergland does not quite reach the Lahn valley, as the Marburg Ridge, which towers up to the west, is already part of the Marburg-Gießener Lahn valley . Here the Elnhausen-Michelbacher depression on this side forms the border.

In the middle and south east, on the other hand, the Gladenbacher Bergland rises up to the opposite valley of the Lahn.

In the eastern south, the Marburg-Gießener Lahntal sharply demarcates the Gladenbacher Bergland from the (eastern) Hintertaunus , in the south-west the Lower Dilltal is a no less sharp border to the Westerwald .

The Dilltal natural area (now the Upper ) also borders the Gladenbacher Bergland in the north-west . Here, however, the border does not follow the Dill valley itself, but that of its left tributary Dietzhölze , which draws a clear dividing line to the Struth ridge . Although the Struth looks like an extension of the Haincher Höhe and thus the Rothaargebirge from the height profile , it is naturally included in the Upper Dill Valley.

The Damshausen peaks with the 498 m high Rimberg . The wide, 474 m high Wollenberg (left) already belongs to the foothills of the Rothaargebirge

Landscapes

In terms of its structure, the Gladenbacher Bergland shows a certain similarity to the "actual" Westerwald . Meanwhile , the central plateau of the Bottenhorn plateau (analogous to the High Westerwald ) is over 600 m high and is delimited to the south by the elongated, 100 m lower mountain range of the Zollbuche through the valley of the salt flats .

View from the south-east over the Bottenhorn plateau

To the north, the plateaus merge into the less relief-poor Breidenbacher Grund , which, flowing to the west, separated by the Lahn to the north, merges into the Rothaargebirge and reaches a good 560 m in those peripheral areas.

To the southwest, the heights gradually decrease from the plateaus in the Schelder Forest to the Dilltal from heights of just under 600 m to just over 400 m, whereby the landscape divided by the river valleys is comparatively homogeneous and also richer in relief than in the plateaus.

The very heterogeneous mountain ranges in the south, Hörre (west) and Krofdorf-Königsberger Forst (east), separated from each other by the Lemp , are clear from the northern and the north through the valleys of the rivers Aar ( Niederweidbach basin ) and some Salzböde tributaries ( Salzbödetal ) separated from the central mountain ranges. Only at singularities ( Dünsberg ) are almost 500 m reached.

The actual lower Salzbödetal also, together with the Dautphe valley , which is part of the Upper Lahn valley , separates the almost 500 m high Damshausen peaks in the north-east from the rest of the landscape.

To the east, the peaks are only separated from the Marburg Ridge and thus from the West Hessian mountains by the Elnhausen-Michelbacher Senke .

The Elnhausen-Michelbacher Senke and the extreme northeast of the Damshausen peaks with Auersberg (385 m, left). In the foreground Dagobertshausen , left behind Elnhausen , both Marburg

Natural structure

The Gladenbacher Bergland is divided as follows:

  • 320 Gladenbacher Bergland (778.41 km²)
Wilhelmsteine in the Schelderwald

The above natural area Lahn-Dill-Bergland must not be confused with the region or the Lahn-Dill-Bergland Nature Park , the structure of which is more oriented towards the participating municipalities than the borders of the low mountain range landscapes.

The Obere Lahn valley and the northwestern Damshausen peaks

Rivers

The above natural boundaries are mainly subdivided according to the catchment areas of the Lahn and Dill tributaries or according to the landscapes separated from these rivers.

The most important rivers are - in addition to the border rivers Lahn, Dill and Dietzhölze , which only run on the outside - the Aar , the Salzböde , the Perf and, with some distance, the Allna .

Sorted clockwise and thus downstream and upstream, starting with the upper reaches of the Lahn in the north, the following rivers have a catchment area of ​​over 20 km²:
(The natural spaces are linked in the column of their most formative river!)

→ to the complete list

Surname
 Mother
river
 Length
[km]
 Catchment
area
[km²]
 Waste
flow
[l / s]
 Mouth
height
[m. ü. NN]
 Natural spaces
(downstream)
 Streets
 DGKZ
Diete Perf (l) 8.8 24.64 310 Breidenbacher reason B 253 25814-6
Gansbach Perf (l) 11.1 23.17 349 Bottenhorn plateaus ,
Breidenbacher Grund 		L 3042 25814-2
Perf Lahn (r) 20.0 113.13 1776 285 Bottenhorn plateaus,
Breidenbacher Grund 		L 3049,
B 253 		258-14
Dautphe Lahn (r) 8.8 41.81 533 245 Bottenhorn plateaus,
Upper Lahn valley 		B 453 258-16
Elnhauser water Ohe (l) 5.9 24.25 171 195 Elnhausen-Michelbacher depression 258326-6
Oh Allna (l) 11.5 44.28 337 195 Damshauser peaks ,
Elnhausen-Michelbacher Senke 		L 3387 25832-6
Allna Lahn (r) 19.1 92.02 665 172 Damshauser peaks,
Elnhausen-Michelbacher Senke 		L 3387 258-32
Wenkbach Lahn (r) 7.2 20.77 107 168 Salzbödetal,
Marburg Lahntalsenke 		258-332
Salt flats Lahn (r) 27.6 137.85 1322 164 Zollbuche ,
Salzbödetal ,
Krofdorf-Königsberger Forest,
Marburger Lahntalsenke 		L 3050,
B 255,
L 3048 		258-34
verse Salt flats 8.4 42.55 188 Salzbödetal L 3061 25834-8
Beaver Lahn (r) 13.5 34.68 217 155 Krofdorf-Koenigsberger Forst ,
Giessen Lahntalsenke 		L 3474,
L 3286 		258-394
Lemp Dill (l) 11.7 34.97 274 170 Krofdorf-Königsberger Forest,
Krofdorf-Königsberger / Hörre 		L 3052 2584-92
Aar Dill (l) 20.6 148.76 1602 210 Niederweidbach Basin ,
Hörre / Schelder Forest,
Lower Dill Valley 		B 255 2584-6
Siegbach Aar (r) 12.2 28.67 260 Bottenhorn plateaus,
customs beech 		- / L 3050,
- / L 3049 		25846-6
Scheldt Dill (l) 12.0 35.03 426 221 Scheldt forest L 3042 2584-56
Dietzhölze Dill (l) 23.7 88.44 1431 233 Rothaar Mountains , Upper Dill Valley B 253 2584-4

The outer framing of the Gladenbacher Bergland by the Lahn and Dill is in the north (upper reaches of the Lahn ) by the B 62 , in the east by the B 3 Marburg - Gießen (mostly like a motorway, in the Marburg area clearly outside), in the east and south by the B 49 Gießen– Wetzlar (largely similar to the motorway) and in the southwest (lower reaches of the Dill ) accompanied by the A 45 . The federal highway 253 Dillenburg - Biedenkopf (see above) closes the remaining gap.

Standing water

The most important reservoir in the Gladenbacher Bergland is the Aartalsee (57 ha, 270 m above sea level) in the Niederweidbach basin, followed by the Perfstausee (18 ha, 301 m) in the Breidenbacher Grund.

mountains

Main mountains

The following table contains a few particularly important mountains of the Gladenbacher Bergland along with height above sea level, dominance and prominence ; the brightness of the background indicates the respective independence as a mountain (brightest level from 120 m prominence, medium from 60 m prominence with at the same time 2.5 km dominance or from 4 km dominance): For better differentiation, the districts are assigned to the old districts, i.e. Lahn-Dill-Kreis is divided into Dillkreis (DIL) and Wetzlar (WZ) and Marburg-Biedenkopf into Marburg (MR) and Biedenkopf (BID) (and GI stands for Gießen ).

Surname location District Height
above NHN		 dominant
resonance		 celebrity
incontinence		 Remarks
Fishing castle Bottenhorn plateaus (center) Hirzenhain (DIL) 609.4 m 12.2 km 190 m Highest mountain in the Gladenbacher Bergland; Transmitter
Eschenburg Schelder forest (northwest) Nanzenbach (DIL) 589.0 m 5.8 km 90 m highest and by far the most dominant and prominent mountain in the Scheldt Forest
Schwarzenberg Breidenbacher Grund (center) Breidenbach (BID) 561.2 m 5.9 km 165 m only the second highest, but by far the most dominant and prominent mountain of the Breidenbacher Grund
Daubhaus Bottenhorn plateaus (Östrand) Rachelshausen (BID) 551.8 m 4.9 km 49 m shapes the skyline of the mountains from the east
High head Scheldt forest Nanzenbach 540.2 m 2.0 km 57 m
Schönscheid Customs beech (western part) Hartenrod (BID) /
Günterod (BID) 		498.0 m 1.7 km 73 m highest mountain in the customs beech according to orographic cut
Dünsberg Krofdorf-Königsberger Forst (center) Königsberg (GI) /
Fellingshausen (GI) 		497.7 m 13.9 km 194 m most dominant and most prominent mountain in the Gladenbacher Bergland; TV tower and AT
Rimberg Damshauser Kuppen (center) Damshausen (BID) /
Caldern (MR) 		497.7 m 6.8 km 135 m highest of the Damshausen peaks, AT
Endbacher Platte (west summit) Customs beech (central part) Bad Endbach (BID) 487.7 m 3.0 km 80 m central mountain of the Zollbuche ridge
Hemmerich Customs beech (eastern part) Rodenhausen (MR) 475.7 m 4.5 km 121 m defining the skyline of the mountains from east to south-east
Old castle Hörre (center) Ballersbach (DIL) 445.1 m 5.1 km 135 m highest mountain of hearing
Altenberg Krofdorf-Königsberger Forest (western part) Hohensolms (WZ) 442.2 m 4.4 km 109 m highest mountain in the western part (Königsberger Forst); AT, but the view has gradually grown
Is starving Damshauser Kuppen (northeast edge) Caldern (MR) 411.5 m 2.8 km 77 m shapes the skyline of the mountains from north to east
Auersberg Damshauser Kuppen (eastern edge) Dilschhausen (MR) /
Elnhausen (MR) 		390 , 0m 2.8 km 82 m shapes the skyline of the mountains from the east
Donnerberg Damshauser Kuppen (southwestern edge) Friebertshausen  (BID) 369.7 m 2.7 km 52 m shapes the skyline of the mountains from the southeast
Königstuhl Krofdorf-Königsberger Forst (southeast of the western part) Waldgirmes (WZ) /
Atzbach (WZ) 		348.4 m 1.9 km 70 m southern (eastern) most mountain of the Gladenbacher Bergland

Mountains according to nature

The Gladenbacher Bergland is classified according to the mountain ranges or natural areas. a. characterized by the following surveys:
(Location of the natural areas within the Gladenbacher Bergland and location of the mountains within the natural area)

Daubhaus (552 m, left of center) and Allberg (528 m) on the far eastern edge of the Bottenhorn plateau . In the foreground the Gladenbach district of Runzhausen
View from Giessen past the castles Vetzberg (left) and Gleiberg (right) to the 498 m high Dünsberg
View from the B 255 to Gladenbach ; in the central background the 357 m high Lammerich , on the left the northern foot of the 361 m high Kirchberg es
The lower Gansbachtal near Frechenhausen , in the background the Schwarzenberg ( Breidenbacher Grund ) and the bagpipe
The 533 m high Schwarzenberg offshoot Nimerich and Friedensdorf . On the right in the background Biedenkopf and the 631 m high bagpipe offshoot Hainpracht
  • Bottenhorn plateaus - northwest of the center
    • Angelburg (609.4 m) - west of the center; is occasionally counted as part of the Scheldt forest
      • Schmittgrund (590 m) - southern Angelburg foothills, is occasionally also part of the Scheldt Forest
    • Mattenberg (578 m) - north west
    • Kurzbeul (566 m) - extreme west
    • Würgeloh (563.9 m) - north of Hartenrod / Bad Endbach
    • Madche (560 m) - northwest
    • Daubhaus (551.8 m) - extreme east, north of Rachelshausen
      • Allberg (528 m) - northeast of the Daubhaus
      • Hünstein (504 m) - north of the Allberg; not a really independent summit, but with a lookout tower; Holzhausen am Hünstein is named after the company
    • Bolzeberg (520 m) - extreme northeast
    • Steffenberg (489 m) - extreme (western) north, eponymous for the municipality of Steffenberg
  • Scheldt Forest (in the narrower sense) - west
  • Breidenbacher Grund - extreme north (west) en
    • Hemmerichskopf (562 m) - western interface to the Rothaargebirge
    • Schwarzenberg (561 m) - northeast; Center of a large contiguous forest area southwest of Biedenkopf and east of Breidenbach
      • Hachenberg (552 m) - northern pre-summit
      • Nimerich (533 m) - southeastern pre-summit; highest point in the community of Dautphetal
    • Schadenberg (545 m) - southwest of the center
    • Galgenberg (541 m) - extreme southwest
    • Entenberg (535 m) - northwestern interface to the Rothaar Mountains
  • Customs beech - center
    • Hirschhohl (503 m) - northwestern seam to the plateaus
    • Schönscheid (498 m) - west, northwest Günterod
    • Bad Endbacher Platte (up to 488 m) - center
    • Hemmerich (475.7 m) - east; forms with Koppe and Dreisberg the eastern triumvirate of the Gladenbacher Bergland
    • Old Mountains (460 m)
  • Krofdorf-Königsberger Forst - south and southeast
    • Dünsberg (497.7 m) - eastern center; Singularity with Celtic archaeological sites, television tower and observation tower
    • Altenberg (442 m) - northwest center, observation tower
    • Ramsberg (approx. 435 m) - north; Hohensolms Castle
    • Krofdorfer Forst (up to 357 m) - east; large contiguous forest area that connects the Dünsberg to the east with the Lahn valley
    • Königsstuhl (348.4 m) or Himberg - south; one of the southernmost elevations of the Gladenbacher Bergland
  • Damshauser Kuppen - northeast
    • Rimberg (497.1 m) - east north; with observation tower
    • Cap (494 m) - west north
    • Schweinskopf (472 m) - north west, near Dautphetal-Herzhausen
    • Eichelhardt (465 m) - northwest
    • Dusenberg (457 m) - extreme west, near Dautphetal-Herzhausen
    • Hornberg (451 m) - extreme north-west
    • Hungry (412 m) - extreme northeast; pyramidal dome at the joint to the Marburg back
    • Auersberg (a good 390 m) - east, between Elnhausen , Nesselbrunn and Dilschhausen
    • Donnerberg (370 m) - southeast, northeast of Gladenbach
Königstuhl in the Krofdorf-Königsberger Forest
  • Listen - southwest
    • Alteburg (445 m) - in the center
    • Roßberg (392 m) - northeast, south of Bischoffen
    • Koppe (354 m) - south, west of Kölschhausen
  • Niederweidbach basin - south of the center
    • Mountain forest (in the east up to 392 m) - east of the center
  • Salzbödetal - northeast, east and southeast of the center
    • Kirchberg (362 m) - north, east of Gladenbach
    • Lammerich (357 m) - north, southwest of Gladenbach
and display information about the image
View from Hasenkopf to the west on the Tannenberg (left), the Großer Feldberg and the elevations of the Gladenbacher Bergland with Dünsberg , Hemmerich , Angelburg , Daubhaus and Rimberg

literature

General sources

Web links

Commons : Gladenbacher Bergland  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Lahn-Dill-Bergland  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ Map and description of the Gladenbacher Bergland (main unit 320) in the Hesse Environmental Atlas
  3. ↑ Water map service of the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection, Agriculture and Consumer Protection ( information )
  4. ↑ Geology viewer of the Hessian State Office for Environment and Geology ( information )
  5. ↑ Prominence to Sang in NW or to Schmittgrund in ONO; Scharte at 483.6 m (according to the old measurement table Oberscheld ) northeast of the mountain ( location )
  6. ↑ Dominance to Hitschhohl in the NW, Scharte to the same at approx. 425 m ( location )
  7. ↑ According to the non-linear boundaries on sheet 125 Marburg, the Hirschhohl (502.4 m) would still be in the natural area. However, this is beyond the Hartenrod - Eisemrod state road along with the corresponding notch .
  8. ↑ Dominance to Schönscheid ; Scharte to the same level at approx. 408 m in Günterod ( location )
  9. ↑ Domunance to the west summit of the Endbacher Platte (487.7 m); Scharte at about 355 m immediately northwest of the mountain, district road Erdhausen - Rodenhausen
  10. ↑ Dominance to the Rimbergfuß assuming that the not precisely measured Störner is lower; if it were higher, the diminance of starvation would be only 2.3 km. Notch immediately southwest of the mountain at about 335 m.
  11. ↑ On old maps the height is given as 385.3 m ( measuring table Buchenau from 1907 , Deutsche Fotothek), but according to the digital terrain model the mountain exceeds the 390 m contour line ( BfN service ). Dominance to sturgeon (and to starvation ); Scharte is located immediately west of the mountain at approx. 308 m.
  12. ↑ Dominance to Auersberg; Scharte at about 318 m immediately northwest of the mountain