Dilschhausen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dilschhausen
City of Marburg
Coordinates: 50 ° 49 ′ 4 "  N , 8 ° 39 ′ 28"  E
Height : 257 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.27 km²
Residents : 166  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 26 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1974
Postal code : 35041
Area code : 06420
map
Location of Dilschhausen in Marburg
Dilschhausen from the northwest
Dilschhausen from the northwest

With around 190 inhabitants, Dilschhausen is the smallest rural suburb of the central Hessian university town of Marburg .

Dilschhausen from the southwest

Geographical location

The village and district of Dilschhausen are surrounded by mountains and hilltops called Bernhard, Störner (state forest), Calderische Höhe, Koppe, Mittelberg, Stackelberg, Auersberg, Nesselberg and Rotlaub (from the northwest to the east, etc.).

Two streams flow through the valley. The Wältersbach flows from northwest to east, and the Calderbach from north to south. The latter, smaller one, flows into the Wältersbach between the town center and Bubenmühle. The source of the main river is on the wooded hill country called Störner.

Elnhausen borders the village to the east, Nesselbrunn to the south, Damshausen to the west, and Caldern to the north. According to a document from 1747, the core city of Marburg is a good two hours' walk away.

history

Dilschhausen was first mentioned in a document in 1259. On the basis of old finds, however, it is assumed that people lived in the area of ​​today's location as early as the 10th century.

Dilschhausen existed for centuries as a double settlement consisting of upper and lower villages, which had different feudal owners, jurisdictions and parishes. It was not until the Napoleonic occupation in the early 19th century that the two districts became an administrative unit for the first time. From August 1821, the different jurisdictions of both parts of the village, namely the Weitershausen (also called Reizberg ) and Caldern courts , were a thing of the past. Under church law, the lower village was assigned to the Michelbach parish, which was over an hour's walk away, and the upper village belonged to the parish of Weitershausen . As of July 15, 1816, the citizens of Unterdilschhausen received a transfer of the duties of the sexton to their village teacher. It was not until May 28, 1856, that the Dilschhäuser achieved a union of Oberdorf and Unterdorf to form an independent branch parish of the Weitershausen parish.

The two groups of houses in the village were geographically separated by the Walterbach with its marshy meadows. Today, instead of the Bachaue, the route of Kreisstraße 72, which is part of the bypass road that was inaugurated on August 18, 1979, runs through the village as a “dividing band”. Despite speed-limiting signs, there were even headlines in the local newspaper Oberhessische Presse on July 30, 1987 about the street that was misused as a “race track”.

On July 1, 1974, Dilschhausen was incorporated into Marburg as districts by virtue of state law as part of the regional reform in Hesse , which had 134 inhabitants at the time, as well as twelve other village communities. In 2009 the 750th anniversary of the village was celebrated with a great celebration.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Dilschhausen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1821

With an edict of June 29, 1821, administration and justice were separated in Kurhessen. Now judicial offices were responsible for the first instance jurisdiction, the administration was taken over by the districts. In Marburg, the Marburg district was set up for the administration and the Marburg district court was the court of first instance responsible for Dilschhausen. In 1850 the regional court was renamed the Marburg Justice Office. The Supreme Court was the Higher Appeal Court in Kassel . The higher court of Marburg was subordinate to the province of Upper Hesse. It was the second instance for the judicial offices.

After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia, the Marburg district court became the royal Prussian district court of Marburg in 1867 . In June 1867, a royal ordinance was issued that reorganized the court system in the areas that belonged to the former Electorate of Hesse. The previous judicial authorities were to be repealed and replaced by local courts in the first, district courts in the second and an appeal court in the third instance. In the course of this, on September 1, 1867, the previous judicial office was renamed the Marburg District Court. The courts of the higher authorities were the Marburg District Court and the Kassel Court of Appeal .

With the entry into force of the Courts Constitution Act of 1879, the district court continued to exist under his name. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Marburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 18 house seats
• 1630: 12 house residents (2 three-horse, 6 two-horse, 1 single-horse farm workers, 3 one-horse  men )
• 1681: 3 home-seated teams
• 1838: 137 residents (12 local residents who are entitled to use, 9 local residents who are not entitled to use, 1  bishop ).
Dilschhausen: Population from 1747 to 2015
year     Residents
1747
  
 115
1834
  
 131
1840
  
 141
1846
  
 163
1852
  
 161
1858
  
 154
1864
  
 152
1871
  
 151
1875
  
 136
1885
  
 161
1895
  
 157
1905
  
 140
1910
  
 146
1925
  
 138
1939
  
 139
1946
  
 209
1950
  
 186
1956
  
 158
1961
  
 137
1967
  
 136
1987
  
 154
1991
  
 153
1995
  
 180
2000
  
 169
2003
  
 179
2005
  
 179
2007
  
 182
2010
  
 188
2011
  
 166
2015
  
 166
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1987-1998, 1999-2003; 2005-2010; 2011 census : 2011–2015

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1861: 152 Evangelical Lutheran , 3 Evangelical Reformed residents
• 1885: 158 Protestant (= 98.14%), no Catholic, 3 other Christians (= 1.86%)
• 1961: 130 Protestant (= 94.89%), 7 Catholic (= 5.11%) residents
• 1987: 131 Protestant (= 85.1%), 15 Catholic (= 9.7%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1747: Labor force: 1 linen weaver, 1 tailor, 1 wagner, 1 mill doctor, 1 miller, 2 day laborers.
• 1838: Families: 11 farming, 3 businesses, 7 day laborers.
• 1961: Labor force: 64 agriculture and forestry, 15 manufacturing, 1 trade and transport, 25 services and other.

Culture and sights

Buildings

church
Former grain mill

Particularly worth seeing is the small late Romanesque, now Protestant fortified church made of quarry stone , built around the same time as the Elisabeth Church in Marburg .

Next to the church, since 1747 the parish baking house was the "village center". The abolition of private ovens by princely ordinance served fire prevention and wood saving. In earlier times, the half-basement basement made of masonry was used for baking. This use has not existed for decades; the house is privately owned. On the floor above there is a small half-timbered rental apartment accessible via a steep flight of stairs.

In 2009 the “village in the city” Dilschhausen consisted of four streets with 46 house numbers. The Weitershäuser Straße comprises the majority with 31 houses. It connects the lower with the upper village. The street Bubenmühle in Unterdorf comprises six houses and leads in the direction of Elnhausen to the former landgrave's grain mill, built around 1527. This two-story half-timbered building (village name Millisch ), located about 700 meters outside the core village, has been used as a residential building since the mill was closed at the end of the 1950s.

societies

Especially in view of the small number of inhabitants of the place there is a lively club life in Dilschhausen. In addition to a volunteer fire brigade , whose members present a play every spring, there is a church choir , a village boys 'and girls' body and, since January 1991, a women's gymnastics club.

The elderly citizens of the village gather in the church choir founded in 1926 and in the gymnastics club. According to information in the Stadtschriftband, the choir comprised 15 singers in 2009 and the gymnastics group 27 active and passive members.

The village fraternity collects the boys in the village. From the age of 15, young people can take part on site. The group was formally founded as an association in 1980. Before that, a Burschenkirmes village festival had been organized in 1974 and 1978 . Since 1990 there has been an annual street village festival organized by the fraternity with a beautifully located covered fairground on a former corn silo. Other activities include participation in football tournaments, bachelor parties , trips together, an annual skat tournament between the years , and the customary activities related to the annual maypole . A separate border inspection was carried out in 1988 and 1989, but then dropped again.

economy

In the past, the village was dominated exclusively by farms. The smaller farm owners also pursued a craft activity. There was a wheelwright , a blacksmith, and a miller. In addition, there were formerly two restaurants in town.

At the beginning of the 1950s there were eleven full-time farms. The farm size of 12 to 30 hectares of usable area was used for the cultivation of grain, potatoes, fodder beet, clover or alfalfa as well as the keeping of dairy cattle, pigs and chickens. In addition to the usable area, the farms mostly owned forests.

In 2009 there were still two full-time farmers and four part-time farms. All of them were members of the Marburger Land Water and Soil Association, so that large machines such as the combine harvester can be used outside the company. It seems likely that the number of agricultural companies will continue to decline in the future.

literature

Web links

Commons : Dilschhausen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marburg figures from 2009-2010 on the website of the city of Marburg (pdf; p. 4)
  2. ↑ a b Population figures from 2011 to 2016. (PDF; 46 kB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 4 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  3. ↑ Ulrich Hussong p. 409; Chapter The landscape
  4. ↑ Ulrich Hussong p. 409; Chapter The landscape
  5. ↑ The document is deposited by the Haina Monastery in the Hessian State Archives in Marburg . Property legally belongs, according to the research by the Marburg town archivist Ulrich Hussong the Landeswohlfahrtsverband Hesse as a legal successor of the monastery Haina. Volume 93 of the Marburger Stadtschriften contains a nine-page text about this document.
  6. ↑ City publication p. 3
  7. ↑ City volume p. 8
  8. ↑ City volume p. 9
  9. ↑ City volume p. 1
  10. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 1 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 387 .
  12. ↑ a b c d e Dilschhausen, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  13. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  14. ^ A b Georg Landau: Description of the Electorate of Hesse . T. Fischer, Kassel 1842, p. 370 ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
  15. ^ The affiliation of the Marburg office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  16. ^ Kur-Hessischer Staats- und Adress-Kalender: 1818 . Publishing house d. Orphanage, Kassel 1818, p.  107 ( online at Google Books ).
  17. ↑ Ordinance of August 30th, 1821, concerning the new division of the area , Annex: Overview of the new division of the Electorate of Hesse according to provinces, districts and judicial districts. Collection of laws etc. for the Electoral Hesse states. Year 1821 - No. XV. - August., ( Kurhess GS 1821) pp. 223–224 .
  18. ↑ Latest news from Meklenburg / Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities, edited from the best sources. in the publishing house of the GHG privil. Landes-Industrie-Comptouts., Weimar 1823, p.  158 ff . ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
  19. ↑ Ordinance on the constitution of the courts in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territories with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf from June 19, 1867. ( PrGS 1867, pp. 1085-1094 )
  20. ↑ Order of August 7, 1867, regarding the establishment of the according to the Most High Ordinance of June 19 of this year. J. in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territorial parts with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf, courts to be formed ( Pr. JMBl. Pp. 221–224 )
  21. ↑ a b Population figures from 1995 to 1998. (PDF; 3.7 MB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 9 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  22. ↑ Population figures from 1999 to 2003 (PDF; 7.75 MB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 8 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  23. ↑ Population figures from 2005 to 2010. (PDF; 1.13 MB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 10 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  24. ↑ See Siegfried Becker's research report, pp. 19–80 of the Stadtschriftenbands
  25. ↑ Prof. Siegfried Becker
  26. ↑ s. Ulrich Hussong pp. 81–91, chapter: The community baking house
  27. ↑ s. Ulrich Hussong p. 252
  28. ↑ s. Ulrich Hussong pp. 461–468 Chapter fraternity
  29. ↑ s. Ulrich Hussong pp. 454–457 Chapter Agriculture