Schröck (Marburg)

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Schröck
City of Marburg
Coordinates: 50 ° 47 '16 "  N , 8 ° 49' 58"  E
Height : 215  (209-234)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.47 km²
Residents : 1795  (Dec. 31, 2016)
Population density : 277 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1974
Postal code : 35043
Area code : 0 64 24
map
Location of Schröck in Marburg

Schröck is an eastern district of the university town of Marburg in the central Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf with almost 1,800 inhabitants.

Geographical location

Schröck is about 5 km (as the crow flies) east of the city ​​of Marburg on the Lahn . It is located at an average of 218  m above sea level. NN east of the Lahnberge on the western edge of the Amöneburg basin , in which, among other things, the Amöneburg lies. The local area covers 647 ha.

history

Local history

Wayside shrine at Schröck

A very detailed overview of the local history of Schröck can be found in the "Schröcker Chronik", which has now been extensively supplemented by a "Neue Schröcker Chronik". The following is a brief summary of this information. Today's area of ​​the place has a very long history of settlement. Neolithic and band ceramic finds indicate a settlement as early as 3000 BC. Chr. Furthermore, finds from the Bronze and Iron Ages were made (approx. 1800 BC). Other finds in the vicinity such as barrows and urn fields on the Lahn Mountains underline this oldest settlement. Around 0 the ancestors of the Hessians ( Chatten ) settled in the Marburg area, their main town is Amöneburg . When the Franks and Chatten merged around 500 AD , numerous new settlements were formed in the Amöneburg area. The town of Schröck was probably founded in this context, its nucleus is probably in the area around today's church. The place was founded by a follower of the Counts of Amöneburg. Around 721 the Amöneburg counts were baptized by Bonifatius , and it is very likely that the representatives of Schröck also adopted the Christian faith. The place is mentioned for the first time in 1223, a "Rudolph de Scrickede" appears in a document from the Haina monastery . Around 1300 the place became part of the spa town of Mainz , the corresponding tax ( Bede ) was paid for the first time in 1315. The Reformation is introduced in 1527, and Schröck changes to the Protestant faith. This only lasted until 1608, when Hesse returned patronage over the Schröcker Church to Mainz and the place became Catholic again. The new church is consecrated on September 30, 1726 after the medieval predecessor was demolished due to dilapidation. After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the Mainz office Amöneburg and with it Schröck in 1803 to Hessen-Kassel . From 1806 the place belongs to the French satellite state Westphalia . However, the Congress of Vienna in 1815 confirmed the area changes made in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss, so that Schröck became Hessian again. It is assigned to the Kirchhain district. After the Prussian victory in the German War in 1866, Hessen-Kassel becomes part of Prussia and Schröck becomes a Prussian municipality. In the First World War , 32 Schröcker soldiers were killed and three went missing. In the Second World War , 48 Schröcker soldiers were killed and 17 went missing. On March 28, 1945, the Second World War ended for Schröck, the place was occupied by American units.

On July 1, 1974, the previously independent municipality of Schröck became a district of Marburg by state law as part of the regional reform in Hesse .

Development of the place name

The name Schröck is not a historical place name, rather the name has changed several times over the years. The original place name can be traced back to an Old High German word with the ending "-ithi". Places that end in “-ithi”, “-ahi”, “-lar” and “-mär” are mostly among the oldest settlements in Hesse; the originators of these place names are probably the chats . The name Schröck is made up of the verb "scare" and the word "ithi". While fright can be equated with jumping up or rising , the word ending -ithi means provided with or rich in . Accordingly, the oldest name of the place is probably "Skrikithi", which means something like to the hills .

The following historical names of the place are known (the year in brackets):

  • de Scrikkede (around 1233)
  • Srichkede (1250)
  • de Screkede (1279)
  • Scrichede (1315)
  • Schrick (1351)
  • Schrigkte (1468)
  • Schrock (1570)
  • Frightens (1570)
  • Fright (1708/10),

which then finally became Schröck.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Schröck was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1821

With an edict of June 29, 1821, administration and justice were separated in Kurhessen. Now judicial offices were responsible for the first instance jurisdiction, the administration was taken over by the districts. The Kirchhain district was responsible for the administration and the Amöneburg Justice Office was responsible for Schröck as the court of first instance. The Amöneburg Justice Office was an assistant to the Kirchhain Justice Office until 1831 and then an independent justice office. The Supreme Court was the Higher Appeal Court in Kassel . The higher court of Marburg was subordinate to the province of Upper Hesse. It was the second instance for the judicial offices.

After the annexation of the Electorate of Hesse by Prussia, a royal ordinance was issued in June 1867, which reorganized the court system in the areas that belonged to the former Electorate of Hesse. The previous judicial authorities were to be repealed and replaced by local courts in the first, district courts in the second and an appeal court in the third instance. In the course of this, on September 1, 1867, the previous judicial office was renamed the Kirchhain District Court. The courts of the higher authorities were the Marburg District Court and the Kassel Court of Appeal . In 1867, the Justice Office in Kirchhain became the Royal Prussian District Court in Kirchhain to which the Justice Office in Amöneburg was added. The abolition of the Amöneburg Justice Office was revised and it was continued on January 1, 1868 as the Amöneburg District Court .

With the entry into force of the Courts Constitution Act of 1879, the district court continued to exist under his name. On October 1, 1932, the Amöneburg District Court was repealed and its district was assigned to that of the Kirchhain District Court. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Marburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population development

The number of inhabitants of Schröck has increased steadily since the beginning of the written records. Documents from the parishes and later from the community are available as sources for the population development. In them you can see that Schröck was a small place with only a few inhabitants in the 16th century. Nothing is known about earlier figures, but it should be considered certain that the number of inhabitants was significantly reduced by the plague epidemic of 1349 (see the development of the Marburg population). Furthermore, Schröck probably expanded in the 14th and 15th centuries due to the influx of residents from the surrounding, deserted places Artzbach, Lampertshausen, Eiloh and Odendorf. Even if the data do not allow for precise statements, it should be considered certain that the population fell during the Thirty Years War . This is supported by information about the population development in the surrounding places, which also applies to Schröck. There was another slump in population during the Seven Years' War . A very significant increase in the number of inhabitants took place after the Second World War , when it rose sharply as a result of refugees and displaced persons from eastern Germany.

 Source: Historical local dictionary

1585: 22 house seats
1664: 31 households
Schröck: Population from 1665 to 2015
year     Residents
1665
  
 164
1690
  
 237
1747
  
 248
1754
  
 242
1762
  
 188
1770
  
 253
1808
  
 599
1831
  
 554
1834
  
 618
1840
  
 639
1846
  
 663
1852
  
 699
1858
  
 707
1864
  
 703
1871
  
 649
1875
  
 664
1885
  
 693
1895
  
 669
1905
  
 617
1910
  
 668
1925
  
 680
1939
  
 813
1946
  
 1,074
1950
  
 1,092
1956
  
 997
1961
  
 1,028
1967
  
 1,116
1974
  
 1,500
1987
  
 1,473
1991
  
 1,655
1995
  
 1,772
2000
  
 1,833
2003
  
 1,778
2005
  
 1,797
2007
  
 1,808
2010
  
 1,796
2011
  
 1,718
2015
  
 1,769
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1987-1998; 1999-2003; 2005-2010; 2011 census : 2011–2015

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1861: 013 Evangelical Lutheran , 692 Roman Catholic residents
• 1885: 008 Protestant and 85 Catholic residents
• 1961: 023 Protestant , 1001 Roman Catholic residents
• 1987: 232 Protestant (= 15.8%), 1138 Catholic (= 77.3%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

1746: Employed workers: 32 farm workers, 2 blacksmiths, 2 wagons, 3 tailors, 8 linen weavers, 2 innkeepers, 2 bricklayers, 5 carpenters, 2 fishermen, 2 millers, 18 day laborers.
1838: Families: 33 farms, 55 businesses, 16 day laborers.
1961: Labor force: 176 agriculture and forestry, 193 manufacturing, 42 trade and transport. 95 Services and miscellaneous.

Church history

Catholic Parish Church of St. Michael

The place is strongly Catholic, which can be explained by its history. The earliest evidence of a parish can be found in documents from the 13th and 14th centuries. For example, a pleban (people priest) is mentioned in 1233. From approx. 1300 to 1803 the place belonged to the Mainz office of Amöneburg and thus to the spa town of Mainz . The Reformation manifests itself in the fact that the place is Protestant from 1527 to 1608. The parish registers begin in 1656. In the 18th century, the medieval church was demolished because it was in disrepair. The new church was designed by architect Charles du Ry from Kassel created and the 200 inhabitants of the village and on September 30, 1726 in honor of St. Michael by Bishop Christoph Ignatius of Gudenus , Erfurt , consecrated . In 1743 the church received a new high altar and in 1865 two side altars from the Amöneburg collegiate church. The Amöneburg Abbey took over the service in 1608 , and the pre-Reformation parish was no longer established. In 1821 Schröck was affiliated as a branch of the parish Roßdorf and looked after by the local chaplain . Since that time Schröck has belonged to the diocese of Fulda . The parish of St. Michael and St. Elisabeth, Schröck was only rebuilt in 1884. Since December 1, 1959, the Catholic Christians from the Moischt district have been part of the parish, who had previously been looked after from here. The foundation stone for the St. Michael parish home was laid in 1983. As part of the pastoral process in the diocese of Fulda, the parish becomes part of the Amöneburg St. Bonifatius pastoral network by decree of the bishop on the 1st of Advent 2006 . From 2006 the Elisabeth and Jakobuspilgerweg ( Eisenach - Marburg / Görlitz - Santiago de Compostela ) also leads via Schröck. With Pastor Stefan Krönung, the time of the pastors who live in the area ended on August 1st, 2007. Pastoral care was ensured from 2007 to 2008 by the pastor von Bauerbach as administrator with the support of Indian fathers, later by the school pastor Vogler (Amöneburg) from August 2008.

The Church of St. Michael has two bronze bells from the Otto bell foundry in Hemelingen / Bremen. She had already cast two bells for St. Michael in 1926, but they were melted down during World War II. Today's two Otto bells have the strikes f 'and b' and the following diameters: 1130 mm and 847 mm.

politics

Local advisory board

The local advisory board consists of seven members. Of these, three seats are on the UBL Independent Citizens List, three seats on the CDU and one seat on the Greens . The mayor is Uwe Heuser (as of December 5, 2016). The Schröck district has been part of the village renewal program of the State of Hesse since 2006 .

Culture and sights

theatre

Although the place does not have a theater, there is a theater group that has regularly performed plays in recent years. While at the beginning one played Schwänke in dialect, the pieces played became more and more complex over time. Particularly noteworthy are performances of the musicals " Anatevka " and " My Fair Lady " in the Schröcker sports hall.

societies

There are several clubs in the village. The Musnickelverein has set itself the goal of preserving old customs. The term Musnickels used to refer to children and young men who, on slaughter days , dressed up with a mask and demanded their share of meat and sausage. The Kolping Family is one of the oldest associations in the village (founded in 1948). Groups with a large number of members are the Catholic Women's Community KFD (founded in 1963), the volunteer fire brigade and the local division of the Malteser Aid Service (founded in 2000).

music

There is a choir and several music groups for folk music (“Schröcker Blasmusik”) and classical brass music (“Blastick”) in the village. In 2008 the "SRM-Crew" developed, which shaped the Marburg hip-hop scene even beyond Schröck. Furthermore, the heavy metal festival “Chaostraum Open Air” has been held here every year since 2009.

Elisabeth Fountain

Buildings

Schröck owns a baroque church from 1726. It contains a high altar from 1743 and, since 1865, two art-historically significant side altars from the Amöneburg collegiate church. The organ of the church was built in 1895 by Wilhelm Ratzmann , in 1939 it was converted by A. Späth and later a reconstruction. Other sights are outside of town. On the edge of the Lahnberge on the road to Marburg is the Elisabeth fountain by Schröck , popularly known as the "Schröcker fountain". Above it are the ruins of a cruciform chapel . Numerous wayside shrines can be found in and around Schröck, including the wayside shrine at the "Zechspann", built in 1792.

Sports

With the FSV Schröck the place owns a football club, which has a second team in the district league A in addition to a first team in the association league center . There are also youth teams that are represented in age groups A to G. The soccer field is outside the village at the foot of the Lahnberge. In addition to the table tennis department, the table tennis club TTV Schröck has departments for hiking, tennis and badminton. He owns a tennis facility which is located next to the soccer field. The table tennis and badminton department are at home in the Schröcker sports hall. There is also a darts club and a shooting club in town. The latter has his own shooting home on the Ochsenwiese.

Economy and Infrastructure

education

There is a kindergarten with three groups and a primary school in the village, which is operated together with the neighboring village of Bauerbach . Almost 200 students learn from it. The Catholic public library (KÖB) is supported by the parish and the Borromeo Association and offers a weekly meeting point in the St. Michael parish home (Kolpingstrasse 5).

Aid organizations

The fire department of the Schröck volunteer fire department, which is also responsible for the districts of Bauerbach and Ginseldorf, exists to fight fires and provide assistance beyond the city limits. The local structure of the Malteser Hilfsdienst offers visiting and escort services, home emergency calls , meal services, child and youth work, emergency pastoral care and crisis intervention. The Caritas of the Catholic parish supports those in need. Pilgrims on their way to Santiago de Compostela and Marburg are looked after and find simple accommodation in the parish hall.

Local supply

In Schröck there is a small village shop called "Reizjörge", where all things of daily life can be bought. It is also possible to post parcels and smaller parcels from Deutsche Post here. The village shop is exactly opposite the Steitz bakery. In addition to the bakery, there is also a butcher's shop.

There is also a general practitioner and a small gift shop in Schröck, where postal services are also provided. Other companies are also based in town.

Companies

The German Hiking Institute is based in Schröck, which is of supraregional importance for the certification and planning of premium hiking trails.

Others

From 2002 to 2005 there was a unique postal agency in the rectory in Germany .

Web links

Commons : Schröck  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marburg figures from 2009-2010 on the website of the city of Marburg (pdf; p. 4)
  2. ↑ a b Population figures from 2011 to 2016. (PDF; 46 kB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 4 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Peter Nau and Karl Schober: Schröcker Chronik (1976)
  4. ↑ Lothar Weitzel (Ed.): New Schröcker Chronicle . Marburg 2014.
  5. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 1 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 387 .
  7. ↑ Michael Gockel: "Settlement names - Types I and II", (Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen, 1962)
  8. ↑ a b Ulrich Reuling : “Historisches Ortlexikon Marburg. Former district and independent city "(Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, 1980)
  9. ↑ a b c d e Schröck, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  10. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ↑ Ordinance of August 30th, 1821, concerning the new division of the area , Annex: Overview of the new division of the Electorate of Hesse according to provinces, districts and judicial districts. Collection of laws etc. for the Electoral Hesse states. Year 1821 - No. XV. - August., ( Kurhess GS 1821) pp. 223-224
  12. ↑ Latest news from Meklenburg / Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities, edited from the best sources. in the publishing house of the GHG privil. Landes-Industrie-Comptouts., Weimar 1823, p.  158 ff . ( online at HathiTrust's digital library ).
  13. ↑ Ordinance on the constitution of the courts in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territories with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf from June 19, 1867. ( PrGS 1867, pp. 1085-1094 )
  14. ↑ Order of August 7, 1867, regarding the establishment of the according to the Most High Ordinance of June 19 of this year. J. in the former Electorate of Hesse and the formerly Royal Bavarian territorial parts with the exclusion of the enclave Kaulsdorf, courts to be formed ( Pr. JMBl. Pp. 221–224 )
  15. ↑ a b Population figures from 1995 to 1998. (PDF; 3.7 MB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 9 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  16. ↑ Population figures from 1999 to 2003 (PDF; 7.75 MB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 8 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  17. ↑ Population figures from 2005 to 2010. (PDF; 1.13 MB) In: Website. City of Marburg, p. 10 ff , accessed in January 2019 .
  18. ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, here in particular pp. 528, 546, 577 .
  19. ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, especially 490, 503, 537 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (dissertation at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).
  20. ↑ Youth culture day of the district youth parliament Marburg-Biedenkopf. The participants in the Youth Culture Prize 2012 presented their contributions in the Lahntal School in Biedenkopf. (No longer available online.) District of Marburg Biedenkopf, archived from the original on December 6, 2016 ; Retrieved December 7, 2016 .
  21. ↑ German Hiking Institute