Günterod

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Günterod
Bad Endbach municipality
Günterod coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 44 ′ 30 ″  N , 8 ° 28 ′ 15 ″  E
Height : 401 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.05 km²
Residents : 1068
Population density : 177 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1972
Postal code : 35080
Area code : 02776
Image by Günterod

Günterod is a district of the Bad Endbach municipality in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in central Hesse .

Geographical location

Günterod is located southwest of Bad Endbach in the Gladenbacher Bergland (eastern branch of the Westerwald , which intersects here with the southern branch of the Rothaargebirge ), at approx. 410 m; in a changeable low mountain range between the cities of Marburg and Herborn , in the southwest of the Hessian hinterland .

In terms of nature, Günterod belongs to the customs beech .

history

A jade ax from the Neolithic Age, found during sewer work, indicates an early inspection or settlement. To the southwest of Günterod on the Kissel-Berg there are indications that point to a prehistoric settlement, as well as heavily polished burial mounds on the southern foothills of the mountain.

The place Günterod was probably created during the "Medieval Optimum" ( Medieval Warm Period ), when a warm period was recorded from AD 900 to around the end of the 13th century. In 1186 there was even no winter, the fruit trees bloomed in January. The population grew rapidly; she had to be fed. New arable and settlement areas were urgently needed. For this purpose, forest areas in previously inhospitable low mountain ranges were cleared. On these cleared areas, new settlements emerged, the Rode-Orte.

The ending of the place name in -rod (clearing of the Gunter) is evidence of a clearing settlement that emerged between the 9th and 12th centuries. It is not known who from the landlords at that time (Hochstift Speyer, Count von Gleiberg) initiated the clearing.

An old, presumably prehistoric high path from Dünsberg to Angelburg ( called Westfalenweg ) ran over the Günteroder Heights on the Aar-Salzböde watershed, which was important for the development of the new settlement. A tower castle ( Motte ) was built on a central hill to protect the settlement and to control the path . The tower with its very thick walls was taken over as a choir tower in the later added and expanded nave.

In 1294 the knight Volpert , named from the court , sold his share of the tithe, a fiefdom of the Speyer monastery , to the Counts of Solms . In 1354 the Counts of Solms, with the consent of the Landgrave of Hesse, transferred the village as well as their own people and property as a dowry for their sister Margarethe on the occasion of their marriage to Kuno von Dernbach at Neu-Dernbach Castle . In 1443 the transfer from the Landgraviate was broken. Günterod is thus a landgrave village in the upper court of the Blankenstein (Gladenbach) office. Günterod was the only locality of the upper court outside of the Hessian external hedge that was laid out in the second third of the 14th century .

The Evangelical Church

In the 16th century the place became an independent parish and has belonged to the parish of Hartenrod since 1605 . Until then, Günterod had belonged to the Altenkirchen mother church and, before the Reformation, to the Archdiaconate Dietkirchen (Lahn), Diocese of Trier , on whose outer border it was. Endbach and Hartenrod belonged to the diocese of Mainz at that time. The border ran over the Schönscheid (Scheide> border).

In documents that have survived, Günterod was mentioned under the following place names (the year it was mentioned in brackets):

  • Gunterode (1294)
  • Günterrode (1343/47)
  • Günterade (1416)
  • Gonterodde (1479)
  • Gunteroid (1502)
  • Günterode (1564)

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Günterod in 1830:

"Günterod (L. Bez. Gladenbach) evangel. is 2 St. from Gladenbach on a significant in a rough area, has 1 chapel, 67 houses and 394 Protestant residents. They knit large quantities of woolen stockings every year and sell them at home and abroad. The residents also own many private forests. - Copper ore used to be dug in this area. "

Merger with Endbach and the rating bathroom

On April 1, 1972 merged ( municipality merger ) in the course of administrative reform in Hesse Günterod with the community Endbach that existed at the time of the districts Endbach and Wommelshausen. On October 11, 1973, the Hessian Minister of the Interior awarded the community of Endbach with its three districts Endbach, Günterod and Wommelshausen the rating of bath .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Günterod was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1501: 015 men
• 1577: 020 house seats
• 1630: 020 subjects; 1 two-horse, 11 single-horse farm workers, 8 single-horse  men
• 1742: 070 households
• 1791: 265 inhabitants
• 1800: 272 inhabitants
• 1806: 303 inhabitants, 52 houses
• 1829: 394 inhabitants, 67 houses
Günterod: Population from 1791 to 2011
year     Residents
1791
  
 265
1800
  
 303
1806
  
 303
1829
  
 394
1834
  
 416
1840
  
 416
1846
  
 418
1852
  
 467
1858
  
 479
1864
  
 360
1871
  
 394
1875
  
 512
1885
  
 450
1895
  
 516
1905
  
 602
1910
  
 638
1925
  
 680
1939
  
 783
1946
  
 1,013
1950
  
 1.010
1956
  
 886
1961
  
 935
1967
  
 1.008
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 1,026
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 394 Protestant residents
• 1885: 450 Protestant, no Catholic residents
• 1961: 784 Protestant and 130 Roman Catholic residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1867: Labor force: 51 agriculture, forestry, 1 education and teaching, 1 person without professional practice.
• 1961: Labor force: 200 agriculture and forestry, 267 manufacturing, 42 trade and transport, 34 services and other.

Infrastructure

Village community center

In the place there is

  • a riding arena
  • a sports field
  • an evangelical church
  • the evangelical kindergarten Senfkorn
  • a village community center
  • fire Department

literature

  • Alfred Bastian: In search of traces in the history of Günterod, stories and history, a village book - Günterod in the Hessian hinterland 1294-1994. Ed. Festival committee "700 years Günterod". Marburg 1998 (168 pages).
  • Literature about Günterod in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Günterod (Bad Endbach)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Günterod, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ^ A b Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 111 ( online at google books ).
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 350, 351 .
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  6. ^ The affiliation of the office Blankenstein based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  7. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 7 ( online at google books ).
  8. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 point 6c) ( online at google books ).
  9. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  245 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  10. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 416 ( online at Google Books ).
  11. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  189 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  12. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  202 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  13. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;