Evangelical Church (Günterod)

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Choir tower from the east
View from the north

The Evangelical Church is the listed choir tower church in Günterod , a district of Bad Endbach in the Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf . The well-fortified tower was built in the 12th century in the Romanesque style and extended by a medieval nave .

history

The choir tower was probably built in the 12th century. In 1339 the Solmische parish Altenkirchen held the patronage right. It is unlikely that the ship was added in the middle of the 15th century, when the two bells were also cast (1452/1453). The ship may have existed alongside the choir from the start. The church had the patronage of St. Peter , which indicates a great age. At the end of the Middle Ages, Günterod and Endbach belonged to the mother church and to the district of Altenkirchen in the Archipresbyterat Wetzlar, which was assigned to the diocese of Trier in the Archidiakonat Dietkirchen .

The first pastors are attested for the years 1509, 1511 and 1520. A cemetery first mentioned in 1511 requires the right to be buried. In the year, complaints about a leaky church roof can be heard. With the introduction of the Reformation in 1525, Günterod switched to the evangelical creed and was raised to an independent parish. An attempt by Günterod in 1585 to obtain patronage rights from the Landgrave of Hessen-Marburg failed. From 1605 Günterod was part of the parish of Hartenrod, the community changed to the Reformed creed, but became Lutheran again in 1624.

In the years 1586–1590 a renovation took place. The gable, church roof and door were partly renewed and new benches were purchased. An ossuary first attested to in 1511 was sold in 1590. In 1602 an exterior plaster and a polychrome interior painting followed. During a violent storm in 1606, “the terrible wind broke the tower and pushed off the roof in all places, so the roof had to be made on all sides.” In 1610 two buttresses were added to support the walls. Another storm destroyed both roofs in 1612, which were heavily damaged again in 1629. A cladding of the gable with wood in 1632 did not protect against the partial collapse of the gable in 1638. After the end of the Thirty Years' War, the political community Günterod subsidized the roof renovation of their "building scruffy church out of Christian mildness". In 1651/1652 the tower and the church roof could be repaired after the landgrave had donated six logs. For a fundamental renovation, a collection in the region brought in the high amount of more than 255 guilders in 1658 , so that the total costs of 285 guilders were almost covered. After wood purchases and wood donations, the church was renovated in 1663/1664. The tower got its current pointed helmet and the nave got a completely new roof. The interior has been completely renewed. In 1731 an extensive interior renovation and the installation of the choir gallery took place. The large medieval stone baptismal font gave way to a small wooden baptismal font. Part of the outer wall was renewed. In the course of the second half of the 18th century, the structural condition of the church deteriorated noticeably, "that we can no longer enter it without danger and have to fear its daily collapse", as it was called in a request for a collection in 1767. A significant reconstruction of the church including interior renovation was carried out from 1804 to 1809. The outer walls of the ship were raised in 1804, new windows were added and a pseudo mansard roof was added . The massive west gable was replaced by a half-timbered gable, which was clad in slate. After the choir arch was removed, a new south pore was installed in 1804, which runs from the nave into the choir. Probably in 1807 all the galleries were raised. The renovation work was completed with the parapet paintings in 1809 and the purchase of a small room organ. During a vacation trip of the pastor in Hartenröder in 1909 the walls and the woodwork were repainted by local painters, who partially renewed the gallery paintings.

Pastor Walter from Hartenrod's plans in 1928 to separate Günterod and Endbach from the parish of Hartenrod and to have Günterod looked after by bishops led to a "church strike". In January 1929 only individual members attended the services, so that Bishop August Kortheuer had to settle the dispute. From 1929 to 1968 Günterod formed an independent parish together with Endbach. In 1954/1955 an interior renovation followed, which included a shortening of the organ gallery and an extension of the northern gallery behind the pulpit. The parish chair from 1699 was removed, the pulpit moved forward, a new pulpit stairway created and the bricked-up block altar replaced by a table altar. The organ gallery was rebuilt again in 1972 for the installation of a new organ and provided with new parapets. From May 2015 to September 2016, the municipality carried out a refurbishment of the tower and an interior renovation.

Günterod was connected to the parish of bishops from 1974 to 1995, separated and since then has had the status of an independent parish with a pastor. The Evangelical Lutheran parish has around 600 members and belongs to the Evangelical Deanery Biedenkopf-Gladenbach and the Propstei North-Nassau to the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau .

architecture

View from the southwest. The pseudo-mansard roof from 1804 is clearly recognizable.

The approximately geostete but easily aligned to northeast choir tower from unrendered rubble masonry is erected on an elevation on the eastern edge. It consists of two structures: the once probably fortified tower and the attached medieval ship. The four inclined buttresses are of different widths and heights and point to an originally existing vault , which, like the triumphal arch, was later excavated. They support the outer walls on the north side of the tower, on the west side and on the south side of the ship. The ship is supplied with light through two narrow arched windows on each of the long sides. Klaus Weinig designed the leaded glass windows in 2000. On the western gable side, which consists of slated half-timbering, there is a small window with an arched arch. The church is accessed on the western north side through a simple portal with an arched arch and a wooden door leaf from 1729. It is covered by a shingled pseudo-mansard roof from 1804, which is decorated in the west by a small point with a ball, an indicator for the cardinal points and a weather vane .

The low Romanesque choir tower is slightly drawn in opposite the nave and is preserved in the walled-up part up to the eaves height of the nave. Originally it was two-story with an upper floor as a bell room. Due to the removal of the choir arch and the surrounding gallery, the interior of the tower and nave now appear as a single space due to the same height and width. The tower is illuminated in the east through a small arched window and in the south through a small arched window, which may have been broken into in 1731. The opus spicatum in the masonry indicates a great age, probably the 12th century. The arched portal in the southern choir wall is bricked up. A flat tower pommel and a weathercock crown the fully shingled six-sided pointed helmet from 1664. On the three free-standing sides it is equipped with small dormers with triangular gables and rectangular sound holes for the bells. The two late Gothic bells were cast in 1452 by Johann von Brauweiler and in 1453 by Delmann von Hungen (= part of Keppel).

Interior

Interior to the west
View into the choir room
Parapet paintings by Kayser (1809)

The interior today largely represents the state in 1809. It is closed off by a flat ceiling that is painted with large rectangles. The three-and-a-half-sided wooden gallery runs all the way around, but leaves out the pulpit area on the north side. Hans Burk's gallery from 1664 has been expanded several times. The year 1664 can be found on the east post of the organ gallery, which is built on the north side of the ship. In 1680 Johannes Becker from Wommelshausen built the west gallery. In 1731 the choir galleries were built on the east and north sides after the north gallery in the nave had been withdrawn a little. A beam in the north gallery bears the inscription: "DANIEL BENNER - JACOB WOLF 1731". The last change to the gallery took place in 1952–1954. Part of the north gallery behind the pulpit is lower than the other galleries. In the nave, the gallery rests on square posts with bevels and bends and in the choir on four rotated columns with high four-sided bases and curved bows.

At the end of the church renovation in the 1800s, the coffered panels were given parapet paintings in 1809 by Weißbinder and master painter Georg Ernst Justus Kayser and his son Johann August from Gladenbach. Are shown on the choir loft New Testament scenes from the life of Jesus, on the high north gallery the Annunciation , Christmas and Baptism of Christ, on the east gallery four scenes from the Passion ( Gethsemane , Jesus before Pilastus, crucifixion, burial), on the south gallery resurrection , Ascension and Christ as Salvator mundi in front of Golgotha and Jerusalem, in the further course of the south pore and on the west gallery the evangelists, Paul and the apostles. On the lower north gallery behind the pulpit you can see three flower arrangements, another flower arrangement on the east side of the organ gallery, to the right of two parapet panels on which the Kaysers have immortalized their work in a building inscription: 1. “For the glory of God this church is open repaired the whole community here in the year AO: 1804 from the ground up, since Mr. Adam Müller, Schultheiss Johann Georg Debus and Johann Jakob Müller were headmaster and Johann Ludwig Zimmermann were mayor. "2." Made in 1809 by the pastor Daniel Gotlieb Ludwig Aulber, school teacher here Wilhelm Simmel. Heads were Adam Thomas, u. Adam Aßmann, Mayor Johann Ludwig Müller, painted and painted by Georg Ernst Justus Kaiser and his son, Johann August Kaiser. from Gladenbach, happen d. Nov. 27 ”The scene“ Jesus before Pilatus ”was created in 1954/1955 by the restorer Lauer. On the south side of the organ gallery, diamond ornaments have been found in the panels since 1972.

The wooden baroque pulpit is marked with the year 1662 and bears the initials "IKH" for the carpenter Jost Klingelhöfer from Holzhausen. Since 1954 it has been installed on the north side, where the nave meets the choir. It rests on an articulated, eight-sided column that supports the polygonal pulpit. The pulpit fields have square panels in the lower area and high rectangular panels with an eight-pointed gold-plated star in the upper area. Across from the pulpit under the south pore is the wooden four-sided baptismal font with a cube-shaped base and eight-sided top, which was created by a carpenter from Gießen in 1731.

The choir area is raised by one step opposite the nave and is covered in the middle by a red carpet that is also laid out in the nave. The strong red color is taken up in the seat covers of the church stalls and forms a contrast to the uniformly gray-green furniture. The benches have curved cheeks and form a large block in the southwest of the church and a narrow block in the northwest below the organ gallery. Further benches are set up below the choir gallery. In front of the east gallery is the wooden table altar on which a crucifix of the three-nail type rests. A late Gothic silver-plated brass chalice, which has been modernized, and a pewter wine jug from around 1700 have been preserved.

organ

Woehl organ

In 1810, the community acquired a small, used house organ from Fellingshausen with four registers , which the organ builder Bock from Weilburg was supposed to repair. Since the instrument was not functional, Johann Georg Bürgy was commissioned with a new building in 1811 , which, together with his brother Philipp Heinrich Bürgy, provided for a one-manual , side-work unit with an independent pedal and nine stops. The contract was finally concluded in 1812. Completion was delayed until 1815. A reconstruction took place in 1912 by the organ builder Heinrich Eichhorn from Weilmünster. In 1954, Adolf Eppstein moved the console to the opposite side and built in a new action .

The instrument was in very poor condition in the early 1970s. Although the case, five registers and the original Bürgy windchest were still preserved, the municipality decided against a restoration. The organ builder Gerald Woehl replaced the organ in 1974. The new wood-facing prospect has three high rectangular pipe flat fields, of which the middle one is elevated. The labia of the prospect pipes are all at the same height. As veil boards , two large volutes each connect two flat fields. Openwork rhombus closes the fields at the top. The instrument has eight registers, which are distributed on a manual and pedal. The actions are mechanical, the pedal is firmly attached. The organ has the following disposition :

Manual C – g 3
Dumped 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave 2 ′
Third D 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – f 1
Sub bass 16 ′

Peal

The two late Gothic bells were cast in 1452 by Johann von Br (a) uweiler and in 1453 by Delmann von Hungen (= part of van Keppel). Both bell founders came from Cologne and from 1449 worked in a workshop community in the area of ​​the Nassau counts. In 1452 van Keppel set up his own business and settled in Hungen.

No.
  		Casting year
  		Caster
  		Chime
  		inscription
  		image
 
1 1453 Delmann von Hungen total " Tonitruum + rumpo + mortuum + defleo + sacreilegum + voco [relief of a crowned Madonna with baby Jesus] + Anno + dni + m ° + cccc ° + liii °
(I drive away the thunder, I mourn the totem, I call the sinner. Im Year of the Lord 1453) "		 Günterod church bell (1) .jpg
2 1452 Johann von Bruweiler b " Yhesus + maria + o + rex + glorie + veni + cum + pace + johan + bruwilre + gois + me + anno + dni + m ° + cccc ° + lii °
(Jesus, Maria. O King of Honor, come with peace . Johann Brauweiler poured me in the year of the Lord 1452) "		 Günterod church bell (2) .jpg

literature

  • Gerald Bamberger: “Leave the church in the village”. The history of the churches and chapels in the old parish of Hartenrod. Edited by the Ev. Church community Bad Endbach, Bottenhorn with Dernbach and Hülshof, Günterod, Hartenrod with Schlierbach and Wommelshausen, Gladenbach 1997, pp. 215-258.
  • Gerald Bamberger: News about the Günterod Church . Church accounts report on the building history. In: Hinterland history sheets. Vol. 92, No. 3, November 2013, pp. 17-21.
  • Gerald Bamberger: 1294–1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. In: Hinterland history sheets. Vol. 73, No. 4, 1994, pp. 171-176.
  • Franz Bösken : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 7.1 ). tape 2 : The area of ​​the former administrative district of Wiesbaden. Part 1: A-K . Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1307-2 , p. 388-389 .
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 356.
  • Hans Feldtkeller (arrangement): The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf district. Eduard Roether, Darmstadt 1958, p. 27.
  • Karl Huth: The community of Bad Endbach and its 8 districts through the centuries. Municipal council of the municipality of Bad Endbach, Bad Endbach 1985.
  • Ferdinand Luthmer (edit.): The architectural and art monuments of the districts of Biedenkopf, Dill, Oberwesterwald and Westerburg. Heinrich Keller, Frankfurt am Main 1910, p. 36 ( online ).
  • Frank W. Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the dean's office Gladenbach . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-422-02288-1 , p. 42-43 .
  • Dieter Schneider: Günterod's church and the historic Bürgy organ. In: Hinterland history sheets. Vol. 51, No. 3, 1972, p. 113.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church Günterod  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Huth: The community Bad Endbach and its 8 districts over the centuries. 1985, p. 97.
  2. ↑ a b Bamberger: 1294–1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 173.
  3. ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau, 16). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 192 f.
  4. ^ Bamberger: News about the Günterod Church . 2013, p. 17.
  5. ↑ Bamberger: 1294-1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 171.
  6. ↑ After Wilhelm Diehl : Pastor and school master book for the acquired lands and the lost territories. (= Hassia sacra. Vol. 7). Self-published, Darmstadt 1933, p. 214, Günterod was a branch of Hartenrod even in the pre-Reformation period.
  7. ^ Günterod. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 24, 2017 .
  8. ↑ a b Bamberger: News about the Günterod Church . 2013, p. 18.
  9. ↑ a b c Bamberger: News about the Günterod Church . 2013, p. 19.
  10. ↑ a b Bamberger: 1294–1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 175.
  11. ↑ a b Rudolph: Evangelical Churches in the Deanery Gladenbach. 2010, p. 42.
  12. ↑ Huth: The community Bad Endbach and its 8 districts over the centuries. 1985, pp. 254, 256.
  13. ↑ a b c Huth: The community Bad Endbach and its 8 districts over the centuries. 1985, p. 98.
  14. ↑ a b Rudolph: Evangelical Churches in the Deanery Gladenbach. 2010, p. 43.
  15. ^ Homepage of the parish , accessed on May 25, 2017.
  16. ↑ Bamberger: 1294-1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 172.
  17. ↑ a b Luthmer: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf, Dill, Oberwesterwald and Westerburg districts. 1910, p. 36 ( online ).
  18. ↑ Bamberger: 1294-1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 172 f.
  19. ↑ a b c Bamberger: News about the Günterod Church . 2013, p. 20.
  20. ↑ a b c Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 356.
  21. ↑ Bamberger: 1294-1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 174.
  22. ↑ Bamberger: 1294-1994. 700 years of Günterod. Comments on the parish and church of Günterod. 1994, p. 176.
  23. ↑ Feldtkeller: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf district. 1958, p. 27.
  24. ^ Bösken: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Volume 2, part 1. 1975, p. 388.
  25. ^ Schneider: Günterod's Church and the historic Bürgy organ. 1972, p. 113.
  26. ^ Organ in Günterod , accessed on May 24, 2017.
  27. ^ Bamberger: "Leave the church in the village". 1997, p. 219.

Coordinates: 50 ° 44 ′ 24.38 "  N , 8 ° 28 ′ 14.53"  E