Breidenbach

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community of Breidenbach
Breidenbach
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Breidenbach highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 53 '  N , 8 ° 27'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : to water
County : Marburg-Biedenkopf
Height : 320 m above sea level NHN
Area : 44.83 km 2
Residents: 6690 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 149 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 35236
Area code : 06465
License plate : MR, BID
Community key : 06 5 34 005
LOCODE : DE BBC
Community structure: 7 districts
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Bachstrasse 4–14
35236 Breidenbach
Website : www.breidenbach.de
Mayor : Christoph Felkl ( SPD )
Location of the community of Breidenbach in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district
Münchhausen (am Christenberg) Biedenkopf Breidenbach Steffenberg Angelburg Bad Endbach Dautphetal Gladenbach Lohra Fronhausen Wetter (Hessen) Lahntal Rauschenberg Wohratal Cölbe Weimar (Lahn) Marburg Ebsdorfergrund Neustadt (Hessen) Kirchhain Amöneburg Stadtallendorf Nordrhein-Westfalen Landkreis Waldeck-Frankenberg Schwalm-Eder-Kreis Lahn-Dill-Kreis Landkreis Gießen Vogelsbergkreismap
About this picture

Breidenbach is a municipality in the west of the central Hessian district of Marburg-Biedenkopf . The municipality is named after the largest district in the center of the municipality.

geography

Neighboring communities

Breidenbach borders the town of Biedenkopf in the north, the Dautphetal community in the east, the Steffenberg community in the south (all three in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district), and the Eschenburg and Dietzhölztal communities in the west (both in the Lahn-Dill district ) and to the city of Bad Laasphe (in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district in North Rhine-Westphalia ).

Community structure

The community is divided into the districts of Achenbach , Breidenbach , Kleingladenbach , Niederdieten , Oberdieten , Wiesenbach and Wolzhausen .

history

The main town was first mentioned in a document in 913 and is one of the oldest towns in the region. It was the main town of the Perf-Klein-Gaues (around 800 pagus Bernaffa) and named for the Breidenbacher Grund. Presumably because of the former ore wealth, Breidenbach had two prehistoric ring walls.

Since 1146, the place has been proven as the seat of the Lords of Breidenbach zu Breidenstein , who built Breidenbach Castle here in the late 13th century and who were able to form a strongly structured late medieval aristocratic rule between the larger territorial lords from various rights. They were Burgmannen before 1304, later until 1438 officials in the landgrave's border fortress Biedenkopf and in 1496 had to recognize the Hessian fiefdom. From then on, Breidenbach belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse, from 1567 to Hesse-Marburg, from 1648 to Hesse-Darmstadt and from 1866 to the Prussian Province of Hesse-Nassau. Historically, Breitenbach belonged to the so-called "Hessian hinterland" .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Breidenbach in 1830:

"Breidenbach (L. Bez. Battenberg) evangel. Parish village; is 5 St. von Battenberg and belongs to the Baron von Breidenstein, has 86 houses and 716 inhabitants, who are Protestant apart from 2 Cath. and 66 Jews. One finds a lock and a copper smelter, which receives the ores from Silberg, 2 grinding mills, with which 1 oil mill is connected. - The place already appears in 913. At that time a priest handed over his goods in Breidenstein and Gladenbach, to which 42 serfs belonged, to the monastery in Weilburg, and received four churches in return, including that of Breidenbach itself. The place was on this occasion in the Gau Pernaffa and in the county Eberhards, the Franconian duke relocated. The local Breidenbach Castle was given to Landgrave Hermann by Gerlach and Johann von Breidenbach in 1395. The former church area still exceeded the boundaries of the current Breidenbacher Grund. and comprised 24 places that are still there, as well as 4 places that have gone out. Breidenbach has been the seat of a mining authority since 1730. "

and to the "Grund Breidenbach":

“Breidenbacher Grund (L. Bez. Battenberg and Gladenbach) area; includes the following places from the Battenberg district: Achenbach, Breidenbach, Breidenstein, Kleingladenbach, Niederdieten, Niederhörle, Oberdieten, Quotshausen, Wallau, Weifenbach, Wiesenbach, Welzhausen; and from the Gladenbach district: Frechenhausen, Gönnern, Lixfeld, Niedereisenhausen, Obereisenhausen, Oberhörle, Roth, Simmersbach and Steinperf. These 21 localities make up today's Grund Breidenbach, and were part of the Blankenstein office until 1821. The police force, like the jurisdiction in the first instance, rests in these places with the state and the baron. Family von Breidenstein jointly, and is also managed jointly. The population of this reason is 6678 souls. - Little is known of the older history of the Breidenbacher Grund. In later times, when the documents give more light, one finds a large number of aristocrats who were wealthy here, such as those of Hohenfels, von Diedenshausen, von Lixfeld, the Rumpfe, those of Linnen, von Selbach, the Bicken von Dernbach, and others Their possessions were partly allodial - partly fiefdoms of Hesse, Nassau, and Wittgenstein. Most of these goods can later be found with the Breidenbach, zu Breidenstein and von Breidenbach families called Breidenstein. A part of the estates of these families fell to the landgraves in the second half of the sixteenth century. Gerlach and Johann von Breidenbach entrusted Landgrave Hermann to Lehen in 1395: the Hubenberg with the castle building that they wanted to build on the same site (Breidenstein Castle), along with the Melsbach court, including the villages of Melsbach, Gladenbach, Wiesenbach, Achenbach, Oberdiedenau , Weifenbach and Wallau belonged in part. Other places such as Breidenbach Castle in the village of Breidenbach, Wallau im Heimbach, Breidenbach in front of the churchyard, Niederdieten, Quotshausen, Niederhörle, which, with the exception of Breidenbach Castle, formed the so-called Hereditary Court, were probably old Hessian fiefdoms. In Grund Breidenbach there were 5 special dishes up to the latest, namely Breidenbach with 10 places, Breidenstein, Lixfeld with 4 places, Obereisenhausen and Roth. A special court was held every 7 years at Obereisenhausen in the open air, in which all the landgrave's serfs were punished who had married an unrelated, ie noble, serf. "

In 2013 the anniversary lookout tower was built on the occasion of Breidenbach's 1100th anniversary.

Historical forms of names

Historically documented mentions of the place are:

  • Bredenbach (913)
  • Breidenbach (913)
  • Breidenbac (1103)
  • Breitenbach, de (1232)
  • Breydinbach (1358)
  • Bredenbach, from (1404)
  • Breydenbach (1433)

Incorporations

On February 1, 1971, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the neighboring municipality of Kleingladenbach was incorporated as a district . On July 1, 1974, Achenbach, Niederdieten, Oberdieten, Wiesenbach and Wolzhausen were added by state law.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Breidenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 6,984 residents in Breidenbach on May 9, 2011. These included 831 (11.9%) foreigners, of whom 159 came from other EU countries, 635 from other European countries and 37 from other countries. The inhabitants lived in 2,626 households. Of these, 583 were single households , 645 couples without children and 1126 couples with children, as well as 216 single parents and 56 shared apartments .

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 40 house seats
• 1630: 40 house seats. (8 two-horse, 23 single-horse farm workers, 9 one-horse  men . (With widows))
• 1677: 35 men, 2 widows, 7 young teams, 10 single teams
• 1742: 109 households
• 1791: 527 inhabitants
• 1800: 475 inhabitants
• 1806: 521 inhabitants, 81 houses
• 1829: 716 inhabitants, 86 houses
Breidenbach: Population from 1791 to 2015
year     Residents
1791
  
 527
1800
  
 475
1806
  
 521
1829
  
 716
1834
  
 764
1840
  
 777
1846
  
 819
1852
  
 763
1858
  
 743
1864
  
 669
1871
  
 656
1875
  
 734
1885
  
 698
1895
  
 714
1905
  
 779
1910
  
 816
1925
  
 1.012
1939
  
 1,127
1946
  
 1,644
1950
  
 1,734
1956
  
 1,869
1961
  
 2,196
1967
  
 2,513
1972
  
 3,090
1975
  
 6,190
1980
  
 6,242
1985
  
 6,169
1990
  
 6,400
1995
  
 6,700
2000
  
 6,924
2005
  
 7,013
2010
  
 6,871
2011
  
 6,984
2015
  
 6,818
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1972 :; from 1975 :; 2011 census
From 1972 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform .

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 0648 Protestant, 2 Roman Catholic, 66 Jewish residents
• 1885: 0615 Protestant, 11 Catholic and 72 Jewish residents
• 1961: 1657 Protestant (= 75.46%), 495 Roman Catholic (= 22.54%) inhabitants
• 2011: 3497 Protestant (= 50.1%), 670 Catholic (= 9.6%), 2817 other (= 40.3%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1867: Labor force: 134 agriculture, 1 forestry, 36 trade and industry, 21 trade, 6 transport, 2 health care, 2 education and instruction, 2 church and worship, 2 state administration, 1 community administration, 3 people without professional practice.
• 1961: Labor force: 202 agriculture and forestry, 717 manufacturing, 79 trade and transport, 76 services and other.

religion

Ev. Parish church

In Breidenbach there is an ev. Church in the core town and an ev. Church each in Achenbach , Kleingladenbach, Niederdieten, Oberdieten and Wolzhausen. The Maria-Himmelfahrt-Kirche in Breidenbach is Roman Catholic. In addition, there is a mosque of the Turkish-Islamic association DITIB in Breidenbach .

politics

Community representation

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the municipal council 2016
   
A total of 27 seats
  • SPD : 10
  • CDU : 9
  • BL : 8
 Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 35.8 10 43.5 12 41.0 11 46.8 14th
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 33.2 9 35.2 9 40.1 11 35.1 11
BL Citizen List 31.0 8th 21.4 6th 18.9 5 18.1 6th
total 100.0 27 100.0 27 100.0 27 100.0 31
Voter turnout in% 42.6 46.3 43.3 49.4

mayor

Werner Reitz (SPD) was elected mayor again on October 22, 2000 with 59.7% of the vote and on October 15, 2006. On October 28, 2012, Christoph Felkl (SPD) was elected mayor with 61% of the vote. The mayor is currently Björn Meier.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the local community Breidenbach also became the coat of arms of the large community in the course of the territorial reform in 1974 .

Coat of arms Breidenbach (Hessen) .svg Blazon : "In silver, a broad, obliquely left, blue wave bar (brook), covered with a double round golden wolf iron , borrowed from the coat of arms of the Lords of Breidenbach zu Breidenstein ."

Culture and sights

Economy and Infrastructure

Land use

In 2015, the municipal area covered a total of 4483 hectares, of which in hectares were:

Type of use 2011 2015
Building and open space 288 283
from that Living 148 144
Business 53 54
Operating area 71 75
from that Mining land 33 33
Recreation area 51 57
from that Green area 33 37
traffic area 404 403
Agricultural area 1249 1234
from that moor 0 0
pagan 0 0
Forest area 2328 2337
Water surface 38 40
Other use 54 54

shop

The core community of Breidenbach is a well-developed, industrial-rich place. A variety of shopping and leisure opportunities make Breidenbach the center of the community and the surrounding villages.

Industry

Breidenbach has an industrial area (industrial area West) in which medium-sized companies such as B. Weber Maschinenbau or Christmann & Pfeifer are located. With the Buderus Guss GmbH a brake disc manufacturing facility has the former conglomerate Buderus located there. In the district of Upper Dieten currently the new industrial park "Auf dem Eberbach" arises. The core community of Breidenbach employs over 2,600 people.

energy

Breidenbach with Schwarzenberg and Weißenberg wind farms in the background

In 1995 three wind turbines were built in the area of ​​the Oberdieten quarry . Two 3 MW wind turbines were installed during repowering in 2011 and 2013.

In November 2015, the regional council approved the construction of nine wind turbines with 2.4 MW each between Biedenkopf and Breidenbach. The project is called " Schwarzenberg Wind Park ". Together with the Weißenberg wind farm in the municipality of Dautphetal, the plants are to form a "wind farm".

Sports facilities

Breidenbach has numerous sports facilities, three of which are in the core community. These are generally freely accessible and can be used free of charge. The core community offers two gyms, a small sports hall and the Perftalhalle and in all parts of the village at least one football field. In the Niederdieten district there is an outdoor pool and in Kleingladenbach there is also a ski run with a ski lift, which is why the community is attractive to tourists.

traffic

Road traffic

The federal road 253 runs through the municipality , from which numerous state and district roads connect the individual parts of the municipality. Hessen Mobil is planning a bypass road due to the significant traffic load in the area. The first part has already been completed as Kreisstraße 107. This directs the traffic of the district Kleingladenbach and the industrial area coming from the north west past the place and ends in a roundabout of the previous road to Kleingladenbach. The bypass road should lead from this roundabout to the southern entrance to the town.

Public transportation

Breidenbach is connected to the RMV public transport network by buses . The following lines serve the municipality:

  • 491: Dillenburg – Niedereisenhausen – Biedenkopf (and back)
  • MR-52: Biedenkopf – Friedensdorf – Niedereisenhausen-Biedenkopf (and back)
  • MR-55: Niedereisenhausen – Breidenbach – Wolzhausen – Friedensdorf

The station Breidenbach was on the Scheldt Valley Railway . In May 1987 the passenger traffic was stopped; in December 2002 also freight traffic. The railway line has now been closed and dismantled.

schools

Breidenbach has the following schools:

  • Breidenbach: elementary school, advanced level and secondary school
  • Oberdieten: elementary school
  • Wolzhausen: Elementary School

Kindergartens

Breidenbach has kindergartens in the following districts:

  • Breidenbach (two kindergartens)
  • Oberdieten (Protestant kindergarten)

Personalities

literature

  • Karl Huth : Breidenbach: center of a historical small landscape . Wetzlarer Verlag-Druckerei, Wetzlar 1963.
  • Karl Huth: The community of Breidenbach and its 7 districts through the centuries . Ed .: Community board of the community Breidenbach. 1982.
  • Literature on Breidenbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Breidenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Until 1823 the patrimonial court of Grund Breidenbach; 1923: Separation of the judiciary ( Biedenkopf Regional Court ) and administration.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Handbook of Historic Sites in Germany, Hesse , 3rd revised edition, p. 61
  3. ^ A b Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 34 f . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 35 f . ( Online at google books ).
  5. ↑ Anniversary lookout tower in Breidenbach on the website of the community Breidenbach
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Breidenbach, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 4, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  7. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , item 328, para. 52 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  8. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 15 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 350-351 .
  10. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  12. ^ The affiliation of the office Blankenstein based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  13. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 7, 430 ( online at google books ).
  14. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 point 6c) ( online at google books ).
  15. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  246 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  16. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 416 ( online at Google Books ).
  17. ↑ a b Population by nationality group: Breidenbach. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in February 2020 .
  18. ^ Households by family: Breidenbach. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in February 2020 .
  19. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  189 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  20. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  202 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  21. ^ Municipal data sheet : Breidenbach. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH ;
  22. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  23. ↑ a b Hessian Statistical Information System In: Statistics.Hessen.
  24. ↑ Religion: Breidenbach. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in February 2020 .
  25. ↑ Breidenbach parish church ( Memento of the original dated August 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on Pastoral Room Biedenkopf, accessed in August 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pastoraler-raum-biedenkopf.de
  26. ↑ DITIB Turkish-Islamic Union of the Institute for Religion. Accessed on May 6, 2020 .
  27. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  28. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  29. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  30. ↑ Breidenbach local councils. Retrieved November 6, 2019 .
  31. ↑ District President approves wind turbines . In: Siegener Zeitung. Wittgenstein edition . November 24, 2015, p. 7 .
  32. ^ Marburg-Biedenkopf - Breidenbach - B 253 - bypass. (No longer available online.) Mobil.hessen.de, archived from the original on March 5, 2016 ; Retrieved March 3, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / mobil.hessen.de