Niederdieten

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Niederdieten
community Breidenbach
Former municipal coat of arms of Niederdieten
Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ′ 13 ″  N , 8 ° 26 ′ 29 ″  E
Height : 340  (340-539)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.2 km²
Residents : 645  (Jun. 30, 2013)
Population density : 104 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1974
Postal code : 35236
Area code : 06465
Aerial view of Niederdieten
Aerial view of Niederdieten

Niederdieten is a district of the Breidenbach community in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district in central Hesse . The type of settlement in the village is called a closed cluster village .

geography

location

Niederdieten is about eight kilometers southwest of Biedenkopf and is a two-part clustered village. The southeastern part forms the larger, original town center. The busy federal road B 253 runs through the center of the village, on the valley side . The northern part is more modern, mainly after 1945.

Almost half of the area is forest, mainly mixed forest .

climate

Climatically, Niederdieten, like the entire Breidenbacher Grund, lies in the border area of ​​the two climatic areas of north-west and south-west Germany, which separate in the area of ​​central Hesse. That said, there are both maritime and mainland influences. The climate is therefore characterized by relatively cooler summers, but also non-alpine winter temperatures, with rainfall averaging around 900 mm all year round.

geology

The geological conditions are predominantly evidence of weathered soils, greywacke and greywacke slurry. Weathered diabase can also be found in isolated cases .

The soils are stony and poor in nutrients.

history

The exact age of Niederdieten cannot be precisely determined, a first settlement can be assumed no later than the 11th century. In 1299, Wiegand von Didenau was mentioned in a court case. Therefore, this year, as in neighboring Oberdieten , is the official year of foundation.

Niederdieten has belonged to the Breidenbach court as a Hessian fief since almost the original time .

In the course of time, the forms of the name change from Nyderndydena (1339), Nedirdydenawe (1403), Niddern Diedenaw (1492) via Niederndieden (1630) to today's Niederdieten.

In the middle of the 18th century there was a mining pit "at Hallenberg" .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Niederdieten in 1830:

"Niederdieten (L. Bez. Battenberg) evangel. Branch village; is 5 1 / 4  St. Battenberg and belongs to the Baron Breidenstein. The place consists of 41 houses and has 268 Protestant residents, as well as 2 grinding mills. - Niederdieten used to appear under the name Nydern-Dydena , and was probably an old Hessian fief. "

In contrast to most of the villages in the area, Niederdieten was spared major catastrophes until March 6, 1878, when a fire broke out here, which quickly spread during the violent storm prevailing at the time and several houses were in ruins transformed.

In 1889 Niederdieten received an auxiliary telegraph office. There has been a central water supply here since 1904 and an electrical power supply since 1909. The two world wars also brought the inhabitants of Niederdietens the usual horror reports and losses. A total of 37 young men from Niederdieten died or were missing during the wars.

After the Second World War , evacuees, displaced persons and refugees from the former East German areas, especially from what was then Czechoslovakia , Hungary and the former Yugoslavia, were quartered in Niederdieten as well as almost everywhere in the western occupation zones .

On July 1, 1974, the municipality of Lower Dieten was in the course of administrative reform in Hesse by state law in the community Breidenbach incorporated , last mayor was Gerhard Born.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Niederdieten was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 025 house seats
• 1630: 024 house seats. 2 two-horse, 19 single-horse farm workers, 3 one-horse  men .
• 1677: 020 men, 3 young teams, 13 single teams
• 1742: 038 households
• 1791: 222 inhabitants
• 1800: 215 inhabitants
• 1806: 212 inhabitants, 39 houses
• 1829: 268 inhabitants, 41 houses
Niederdieten: Population from 1791 to 2011
year     Residents
1791
  
 205
1800
  
 215
1806
  
 212
1829
  
 268
1834
  
 289
1840
  
 300
1846
  
 307
1852
  
 273
1858
  
 273
1864
  
 260
1871
  
 264
1875
  
 271
1885
  
 298
1895
  
 311
1905
  
 296
1910
  
 322
1925
  
 333
1939
  
 367
1946
  
 526
1950
  
 521
1956
  
 495
1961
  
 528
1967
  
 539
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 630
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 268 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1885: 298 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1961: 421 Protestant (= 79.73%), 97 Roman Catholic (= 18.37%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1867: Labor force: 56 agriculture, 1 transport, 1 health care, 1 education and teaching.
• 1961: Labor force: 116 agriculture and forestry, 138 manufacturing, 17 trade and transport, 14 services and others.

Church and religion

church

In the 15th century , the place was under the Dean's Office Breidenbach of the Archdeaconate St. Stephan zu Mainz. After the Reformation was introduced , he was parish off to Breidenbach in 1577. Since 1965 Niederdieten, together with Achenbach and Oberdieten, has formed the “Ev. Parish of Oberdieten ”. The original church of medieval design, which was consecrated to St. Lawrence, was replaced by a new building in 1949 because it was dilapidated.

The inhabitants of the Roman Catholic faith, whose number increased significantly after the Second World War, belong to the parish "Maria Himmelfahrt" in Breidenbach.

There is also a strongly represented Free Evangelical Congregation and the Christian Assembly in the village .

economy

In 1802 two grinding mills are mentioned, one of which is on the western and one on the southern outskirts (Heckenmühle). The field name "Bei der Alten Mühle" refers to a desert mill east of Niederdieten.

Niederdieten was originally shaped by agriculture and forestry, which now only play a subordinate role. Most of the workers work in companies in the surrounding villages.

school

In Breidenbach there was an independent "summer and winter school" as early as the beginning of the 17th century . It is not known exactly when Niederdieten had its first school. The first school building was built in 1780. In 1881 a new school building was built next to the church at that time. About 50 years later, however, this no longer met the requirements of the time, so that another new schoolhouse was inaugurated on November 13, 1935. After the Second World War, the number of students increased significantly and a second teaching position was set up, but this was withdrawn again in 1953.

Since 1960 there was only the elementary school in Niederdieten, which had to be closed for good in 1970 due to a further decline in the number of students. The last teacher was Heinz Christ.

In 1981 the YMCA district association acquired the school building from the Breidenbach community for 120,000 DM at the time and converted it into a clubhouse.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the place connects the formerly predominant agriculture in the place, which is symbolized by the shamrock, with the diamonds from the coat of arms of the Lords of Selbach (Waldeck) , who belonged to the local noble families and owned land in Niederdieten.

The Hessian Minister of the Interior approved the coat of arms on July 7, 1958 with the following description:

Blazon : In gold, a four-leaf green clover, on a gold background, angled by four black diamonds.

societies

There are a large number of clubs in Niederdieten. There is the DRK senior gymnastics, the fire brigade club , the volunteer fire brigade , a youth fire brigade , the Niederdieten swimming pool interest group, the youth club , the cultural club, a men's gymnastics group, the fruit and horticultural club and the tennis club (with three ash tennis courts).

Economy and Infrastructure

Public facilities

There is an outdoor swimming pool , a village community center , the YMCA home and a village café in the village.

Companies

Müller-Formenbau has been a medium -sized company since 1972, producing pre-series and series molds in the die-casting sector. Around 60 employees are currently employed there.

Web links

Commons : Niederdieten  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Until 1823 the patrimonial court of Grund Breidenbach; 1923: Separation of the judiciary ( Biedenkopf Regional Court ) and administration.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Niederdieten, Marburg-Biedenkopf district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ^ A b Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 187 ( online at google books ).
  3. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 15 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 351 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  7. ^ The affiliation of the office Blankenstein based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  8. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 7, 430 ( online at google books ).
  9. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 point 6c) ( online at google books ).
  10. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  246 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  11. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 416 ( online at Google Books ).
  12. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  190 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  13. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  203 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  14. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;