Scheldt forest

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Schelderwald with Angelburg from the east, fields in the foreground in the Wallenfels (Siegbach) district

The Schelder Forest (on site often Schelderwald written) one with the Angel Castle to 609.4  m above sea level. NHN high, practically continuously wooded western foothills of the Gladenbacher Bergland in the Lahn-Dill-Bergland Nature Park .

The Angelburg, which is adjacent in the far east and is only assigned in a broader sense, is part of a formerly much higher single massif that was removed in the course of the earth's history to the present height. As Eisenkiesel - Härtlinge who Wilhelm stones , up to 15 m high rock formation near the Angel Castle, the removal resisted.

geography

location

The Scheldt Forest is located in the Lahn-Dill district and in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district . It is framed by the communities of Angelburg , Bad Endbach , Siegbach , Dillenburg and Eschenburg . In its center it is traversed in a north-east-south-west direction by the Scheldt , which flows into the Dill in Niederscheld . The state road  3042 follows the course of the river .

Places in the interior of the Scheldt forest are Oberscheld (on the Scheldt), Nanzenbach (on the river of the same name) and Eibach (on the right-hand Scheldt tributary of the same name). On the northeastern edge are Wallenfels ( Wallenfels Castle ) on the upper reaches of the Siegbach and Tringenstein ( Tringenstein Castle ).

Schelder Forest natural area

The 79.33 km² large natural area Schelder Forest (320.02), main unit 320 ( Gladenbacher Bergland ), is mainly defined by the catchment areas of the rivers Nanzenbach , Schelde (both to the Dill) and Monzenbach , Essenbach and Weibach (tributaries of the Aar ) and explicitly does not contain the fishing castle. The Scheldt, together with its tributaries Tringensteiner Schelde and Eibach , takes up almost half of this area.

This results in the following natural boundaries:

  • the Dill valley along Dill and Dietzhölze is the north-west and west border
  • the watershed between Dill and Perf is the northeast border to the Bottenhorn plateau
  • the watershed between the Schelde or Weibach and Siegbach is the eastern border to the customs beech
  • the Lower Aartal is the southern border to the Hörre .

In particular, all rivers in the natural area of ​​the Schelder Forest drain over the Dill into the Lahn.

The Scheldt Forest in a broader sense

The forest area around the Angelburg, which actually already belongs to the Bottenhorn plateau and adjoins the north-east and which drains to Gansbach and Siegbach, is occasionally also counted as part of the Scheldt Forest, with the Siegbach or its catchment area being defined as the eastern border in this definition.

In particular, the Angelburg is listed in many sources as the highest elevation.

mountains

The surveys of the Schelder Forest include - sorted by height in meters (m) above sea ​​level (MSL; unless otherwise stated according to):

  • Angelburg (609.4 m) ( Bottenhorn plateau )
  • Schmittgrund (590.0 m) (Bottenhorn plateaus)
  • Eschenburg (589.0 m) (extreme north)
  • Hohe Koppe (540.2 m) (north east)
  • Stock side (516 m) (east)
  • Heunstein (471.1 m) (extreme west - already in the natural area Dilltal )
  • Wasenberg (459.3 m) (south)
  • Volpertsberg (426.4 m) (southwest)

history

Herborner Hohe Straße , section between Angelburg and Wilhelmsteine; was in use from the High Middle Ages until 1875, today a forest road, closed to public traffic

The Scheldt Forest was already settled in Celtic times, as excavations in the 1930s show. The most spectacular find is the Keltenstein, the original of which is in a museum in Darmstadt today. Particularly on the southeast side of the Angelburg, near the spring meadows of the Siegbach, in the forest, heavily worn traces of former human activities can still be seen today.

A report from 1235 mentions a farmer from the diocese of Utrecht , who on his pilgrimage to the grave of St. Elisabeth came through the Scheldt Forest in Marburg . This shows the Scheldt Forest as an area of ​​old roads. It crossed the High Middle highway from Antwerp via Cologne , Siegen , Marburg and Erfurt to Leipzig , even Brabant Street called, and the Herborner High Street from the dill into the upper Lahn, also resulted in the vicinity of the fishing bastion of out of the room casting / Dünsberg coming Westfalenweg joins this high-altitude path system here.

In the Rhenish-Franconian country peace of May 15, 1265, which the Archbishop of Mainz Werner von Eppstein and the lords and cities of the Wetterau concluded with one another, a "rule of the Schelterwald" is also mentioned.

In the Lahn-Dill area, the Schelder Forest was once of particular economic importance as a mining area for iron ore , from the Latène period until 1973. In the 13th and 14th centuries, therefore, there were violent struggles between the Landgraviate of Hesse and the Counts of Nassau armed conflicts. These fights went down in history as the Dernbach feud . Today the Scheldt Forest is used as a recreation area for the residents of the surrounding villages.

Attractions

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ Natural area map and explanation in the Hessen Environmental Atlas
  3. ↑ Mountain height according to unknown / not researched source
  4. ↑ Handbook of Historic Places in Germany , Volume 4 Hesse, unaltered reprint of the 3rd edition, Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-520-27403-5
  5. ↑ Horst W. Müller: Castle "Wallenfels", the unknown , Hinterländer Geschichtsblätter, 88 year, No. 3, October 2009, Biedenkopf

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