Helmhof
Helmhof is a village belonging to Neckarbischofsheim in the Rhein-Neckar district in Baden-Württemberg . The place was about 1712 as a clearing settlement on the border of the Neckar Bischofsheimer district and by 1803 a Hessian enclave forming Wimpfener established forest, making it one of the youngest settlement ups in the Kraichgau . After 1803, the location on the boundary between Baden and Hessen-Darmstadt resulted in a division of membership between Baden and Hesse-Darmstadt , which was only lifted with a municipal reform in 1951.
history
Helmhof lies on a cleared area in the forest, which was already documented in 988 and 1223, between the old towns of Wimpfen and Bischofsheim . The document of the year 988 is a wild ban of King Otto III. for Bishop Hilibald von Worms, but its authenticity is disputed. With the document from 1223, King Heinrich gives his loyal people in Wimpfen the perpetual hunting rights in this forest, which his father, Friedrich II. , Confirmed in 1233. The early use of the forest therefore goes back to the citizens of Wimpfen, but for centuries there have been no signs of a permanent settlement.
A permanent settlement was formed from 1712 on Krebsbach in the sunny south-west of the forest, still on the district of Neckarbischofsheim . The settlement then expanded beyond the boundary into the Wimpfen forest markings. Depending on where they lived, the settlers from Bischofsheim or Wimpfen were "protective relatives" who had to pay 6 guilders and 6 days of forced labor to the gentlemen of Helmstatt , who also fulfilled the Wimpfen protection obligations .
The early settlers acquired the 6.4 hectare Bürgerwäldle from the town of Bischofsheim as early as 1715 , which they cleared and turned into arable land. 19 families quickly settled down. Work opportunities for the settlers arose in the forest or on other lands belonging to the rulers. In 1734 13 simple houses and ten barns were counted.
The first mill at Helmhof was built by the existing miller Christian Friedrich from Helmstatt in 1712, but closed again by 1717. In 1717, Samuel Dürrstein built a mill located down the valley, which was operated for ten generations until 1896 and is still remembered as the Hettler mill after the name of the last miller .
Helmhof was administered by Wimpfen and Neckarbischofsheim, and until shortly after the Second World War there was a staff holder representing the administration. After the Napoleonic Wars , Wimpfen became a Hessian exclave , whereas Bischofsheim came to the Grand Duchy of Baden , so that Helmhof was divided into a Baden and a Hessian part after 1803. When Bad Wimpfen joined the district of Heilbronn in 1951, no new exclave was allowed to arise, so that the forest, which was spatially separated from Wimpfen, passed to Neckarbischofsheim in what is now the Rhine-Neckar district and the division of the place has since been overcome.
Until recently, the place was dominated by agriculture and forestry . In 1845/46 a school with a prayer room was built, and in 1892 a church of its own. In 1939 about 130 inhabitants were counted. After the Second World War , Helmhof became a place of residence for commuters from the surrounding areas. Around 1990 the place had around 480 inhabitants.
Buildings
The local church was built in 1892 according to plans by Karl Schwartze . Next to the church is the village's former schoolhouse, a classicist building from 1846.
literature
- Ludwig Schneider: District Helmhof in Neckarbischofsheim 988-1988 , ed. from the Association for Home Care, Neckarbischofsheim 1988
- Peter Beisel: Helmhof - a Hessian church in Baden service was 100 years old , in: Kraichgau. Contributions to landscape and local research , volume 13, 1993, pp. 165–168.
Coordinates: 49 ° 17 ' N , 9 ° 0' E