Langenthal (Hirschhorn)

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Langenthal
Coordinates: 49 ° 28 ′ 20 ″  N , 8 ° 50 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 181 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.36 km²
Residents : 320  (Sep 7, 2013)
Population density : 50 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1972
Postal code : 69434
Area code : 06272

Langenthal is a district of Hirschhorn in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Langenthal is located about five kilometers northwest of Hirschhorn in the Bergstrasse-Odenwald Nature Park . Only around one and a half kilometers to the north-west, in the middle of the same cleared island in the Ulfenbach valley, lies the municipality of Heddesbach in Baden-Württemberg , to which there used to be close ties.

history

The earliest surviving documentary evidence proves the existence of the place since 1322. Langenthal, a Worms fief , was owned by the Lords of Harfenberg and then came to the Landschaden von Steinach .

The Tenth went half each to the governors of Steinach and the parish in Heddesbach or Neckarsteinach. In the late 18th century three quarters of the tithe went to the Worms court chamber and a quarter to the pastor in Neckarsteinach.

Like the neighboring Hirschhorn, Langenthal may have suffered greatly from the consequences of the Thirty Years' War . After the war, the area was almost depopulated. From 1700 Kurmainz exercised the rule. Just 50 years after the end of the Thirty Years' War, the region suffered again from the consequences of the war when France tried to move its borders to the east. It was not until the Peace of Rijswijk in 1697 that the French withdrew behind the Rhine. With the " Reichsdeputationshauptschluss " of February 25, 1803, the territorial conditions in the Reich were reorganized. The occasion was the conquests of Napoleon , who had extended the French state border to the Rhine. This last legal work of the old empire implemented the provisions of the peace at Luneville , according to which the remains of the diocese of Worms and thus Langenthal in the rule of Neckarsteinach came to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt . During the Napoleonic Wars , under pressure from Napoleon in 1806, the Grand Duchy of Hesse was created , which incorporated the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt. The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and the state of Hesse was created within its current boundaries by order of the military government .

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , the place is listed as a parish village with 44 houses and 260 inhabitants in 1861.

Langenthal voluntarily joined the city of Hirschhorn on the occasion of the regional reform in Hesse on April 1, 1972.

Historical descriptions

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Langenthal in 1829:

»Langenthal (L. Bez. Hirschhorn) evangel. Protest. and Catholic Filialdorf, lies on the Ulvenbach and 34  St. von Hirschhorn, and has 34 houses and 235 inhabitants, of which 199 Evangel. Protest. and 36 Cath. are located. In 1628 the Lords of Hirschhorn still had serfs here. The place belonged to the former knight canton of Odenwald and came from Mainz to Hesse in 1802. «

From The Grand Duchy of Hesse by history, country, people, state and locality from 1854:

»Langenthal, ev. And cath. Branch at Ulvenbach with 1 mill, came from Worms to Hessen in 1802. District: 2348 acres (250 acres, 104 meadows, 1994 forest) population: 255 «

Administration and courts

During the Hessian period, the responsible administrative units changed several times as a result of administrative reforms. In the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the place initially belonged to the Hirschhorn Office , into which the Worms Office Neckarsteinach was incorporated. In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and administrative districts were introduced, with Langenthal being assigned to the Hirschhorn district. As part of this reform, regional courts were also created that were now independent of the administration. The Hirschhorn Regional Court was the court of first instance responsible for the Hirschhorn district.

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. With the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Langenthal now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district . In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Four years later, however, they returned to the division into districts, which resulted in the district of Bensheim and, temporarily, the districts of Lindenfels and Wimpfen again being created in addition to the Heppenheim district . Langenthal was assigned to the newly founded Lindenfels district. On May 12, 1874, the two new districts were dissolved again and Langenthal was added to the Heppenheim district.

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

The responsible jurisdiction also changed several times during the affiliation to Hesse. After initially the district court Hirschhorn was responsible, this was the October 1, 1879 due to the Judicature Act renamed and District Court Hirschhorn the district of Darmstadt Regional Court assigned. On July 1, 1968, the Hirschhorn District Court was repealed and became a Hirschhorn (Neckar) branch of the Fürth District Court. On November 1, 2003, this branch was finally closed.

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Langenthal was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1829: 235 inhabitants, 34 houses
• 1861: 260 inhabitants, 44 houses
Langenthal: Population from 1829 to 2013
year     Residents
1829
  
235
1834
  
251
1840
  
267
1846
  
265
1852
  
255
1858
  
242
1864
  
239
1871
  
252
1875
  
259
1885
  
256
1895
  
238
1905
  
288
1910
  
275
1925
  
266
1939
  
270
1946
  
431
1950
  
369
1956
  
332
1961
  
370
1967
  
385
1970
  
390
1980
  
?
1990
  
?
2000
  
?
2011
  
333
2013
  
320
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census :

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 199 Protestant (= 84.68%) and 36 Catholic (= 14.32%) residents
• 1961: 283 Protestant (= 76.49%) and 77 Catholic (= 20.81%) residents

literature

  • Walther Möller and Karl Krauss: Neckarsteinach - his lords, the city and the castles (Starkenburg in his past, vol. 4), Mainz 1928
  • 675 years Langenthal 1322–1997, ed. from the city of Hirschhorn. Editorial management: Rüdiger Lenz, Hirschhorn 1997.
  • Literature on Langenthal in the Hessian Bibliography

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e Langenthal, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 25, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. a b Langenthal district. In: website. City of Hirschhorn, accessed March 2018 .
  3. a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 52 ( online at google books ).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 349 .
  5. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 136 ( online at google books ).
  6. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 345 ( online at google books ).
  7. Latest regional and ethnology: A geographical reader for all classes. Mecklenburg, Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape 22 . Published by the geographical institute, Weimar 1921, OCLC 900105572 , p. 382 ( online at google books ).
  8. Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  9. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  10. Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  11. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  12. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  13. Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. In: 2011 census . Hessian State Statistical Office;

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