Mackenheim (Abtsteinach)

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Mackenheim
community Abtsteinach
Coordinates: 49 ° 33 ′ 35 ″  N , 8 ° 47 ′ 5 ″  E
Height : 400 m above sea level NN
Area : 2.68 km²
Residents : 150  (May 9, 2011)
Population density : 56 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 69518
Area code : 06207

Mackenheim is the smallest district of the municipality of Abtsteinach in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Mackenheim is located in the Odenwald in a high side valley of the Mörlenbach and essentially consists of four large, scattered agricultural farms, between which some residential developments have arisen. At the lower end of the Mackenheimer valley, in the north of the district, a sandstone railway viaduct of the disused Überwaldbahn leads over the local road . Here is a quarry for the extraction of granite , migmatite and biotite gneiss .

history

overview

Mackenheim originated in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . From here the reclamation and settlement of the area was carried out. The heyday of the Lorsch monastery, in whose area Abtsteinach was located, was followed by its decline in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1232 the monastery was subordinated to the Archdiocese of Mainz . In 1461, as a result of the Mainz collegiate feud , Kurmainz pledged these properties to the Electoral Palatinate . This changed to the Protestant faith in 1556 and closed the monastery in 1564.

The place Mackenheim was mentioned in 1654 as part of the Zent Mörlenbach , a manorial administrative and judicial district. At that time it consisted of 4½ hubs, of which one half was in Schnorrenbach . Documents have been received as early as 1488 in which reports of charges made by the place to Lindenfels Castle were received.

With the pledging of the Electoral Mainz properties on Bergstrasse and in the Odenwald in 1461, the time of Electoral Palatinate rule began, which was ended by the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) when Spanish troops conquered the region and restored Electoral Mainz rule. As a result, the Reformation introduced by the Count Palatine was largely reversed and the population had to return to the Catholic faith. In 1654 Mackenheim was part of the Mörlenbach parish .

When there was a restructuring in the area of ​​the Kurmainzer Amt Starkenburg in 1782 , the area of ​​the office was divided into the four subordinate district bailiffs Heppenheim, Bensheim, Lorsch and Fürth and the office was renamed Oberamt. The Zente Abtsteinach , Fürth and Mörlenbach where Mack was home, which were Amtsvogtei Fürth subordinated and had to give up their powers largely. Although the central order with the central school remained formally in place, it could only carry out the orders of the higher authorities ( Oberamt Starkenburg , Unteramt Fürth). The “Oberamt Starkenburg” administratively belonged to the “Lower Archbishopric” of the Electorate of Mainz .

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and ceased to exist with the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806. Through this reorganization and dissolution of Kurmainz, the Oberamt Starkenburg and with it Mackenheim became part of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , which in 1806 became part of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , which was also formed under pressure from Napoleon .

With the publication in the Großherzoglich Hessische Zeitung No. 47 from the year 1812, the two Zenten Mörlenbach and Abtsteinach were subordinated to the "Office Waldmichelbach". This office emerged from the former Electoral Palatinate "Zent Waldmichelbach" of the Lindenfels Oberamt and had also come to Hesse in 1803. It was dissolved in 1812 and its administrative area was divided into several offices.

The administrative reform in the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1821/22 introduced districts and Mackenheim became part of the Lindenfels district . The administrative administration at community level was also reorganized and Mackenhaim was administered by the mayor's office in Weiher . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Mackenheim: A Catholic branch village, to which the Schnorrenbacher Höfe belong, with 69 inhabitants. The district consisted of 782 acres , of which 426 acres were arable land, 106 acres of meadows and 222 acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the Mackenheim branch with the mayor's office in Ober-Abtsteinach, 11 houses, 85 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Wald-Michelbach district court, the Protestant parish Wald-Michelbach of the Lindenfels dean's office are listed and the Catholic parish Ober-Abtsteinach of the dean's office in Heppenheim.

In Hesse, Mackenheim belonged to the district of Lindenfels , as well as the districts of Lindenfels and Heppenheim , through a series of administrative reforms , until it came to today's Bergstrasse district in 1938 ; Mackenheim went through the same administrative history as Abtsteinach .

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 268  ha , 104 ha of which were forest.

On December 31, 1971, on the occasion of the regional reform in Hesse, the voluntary merger of Mackenheim with Ober-Abtsteinach and Unter-Abtsteinach to form the municipality of Abtsteinach . Local districts were not set up. A little later, on August 1, 1972, the hamlet of Schnorrenbach , which had previously belonged to the Mackenheim district and is located as an exclave on the other side of the neighboring western town of Vöckelsbach , was incorporated into the Birkenau community by the law on the reorganization of the Bergstrasse district.

Historical descriptions

The historical-topographical-statistical description of the Principality of Lorsch, or the church history of the Upper Rhinegau, reported in 1812 about Mackenheim as part of the Mörlenbach district :

»Mackenheim, a village of 5 farms with 56 selenium. 1 hour away from Mörlenbach. In the latter two places (Mackenheim and Schnorrbach), the Lorsch head shop has only ½ of the toe. "

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Mackenheim in 1829:

»Mackenheim (L. Bez. Lindenfels) cath. Filialdorf is located 2 1 ⁄ 2   St. from Lindenfels and has 7 houses and 58 Catholic. Pop. The place came from Mainz to Hesse in 1802. "

The following entry can be found in the latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845:

»Mackenheim b. Lindenfels. - village, for evangel. Parish Waldmichelbach, resp. Catholic parish belonging to Abt-Steinach. - 7 H. 58 Catholic E. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Starkenburg Province. - Heppenheim district. - Fürth district court. - Hofger. Darmstadt. - The village of Mackenheim used to belong to Churmainz, from which it came to Hesse in 1802. «

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Mackenheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1806: 63 inhabitants, 5 houses
• 1812: 56 souls, 5 farms
• 1829: 58 inhabitants, 7 houses
Mackenheim: Population from 1806 to 2011
year     Residents
1806
  
 63
1812
  
 56
1829
  
 58
1834
  
 100
1840
  
 97
1846
  
 105
1852
  
 91
1858
  
 108
1864
  
 110
1871
  
 112
1875
  
 101
1885
  
 115
1895
  
 105
1905
  
 92
1910
  
 84
1925
  
 99
1939
  
 85
1946
  
 128
1950
  
 123
1956
  
 109
1961
  
 147
1967
  
 187
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 150
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 58 Catholic (= 100%) residents
• 1961: 30 Protestant (= 20.41%), 82 Catholic (= 55.78%) residents

traffic

Mackenheim is only opened up for regional traffic through the winding K 18 district road. To the south it leads up to Ober-Abtsteinach and in a northerly direction down to Mörlenbach . A short section of the disused but listed Überwaldbahn with the Mackenheimer Viaduct and the Mackenheimer Tunnel leads through the northern tip of the district .

literature

  • Peter W Sattler: 1000 years of Abtsteinach being and becoming, design and change. Weinheim Druckhaus Diesbach GmbH 2012.
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg. Volume 1, October 1829

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Mackenheim, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. In: 2011 census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  3. ^ A b Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 452 .
  4. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  5. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 346 ( online at google books ).
  6. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 56 ( online at google books ).
  7. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 349 .
  8. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Bergstrasse district (GVBl. II 330–15 § 3) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 222 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  9. ↑ a b Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 144 ( online at google books ).
  10. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 151 ( online at google books ). )
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 90 ( online at google books ).
  12. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  13. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  14. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.