Unter-Abtsteinach

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Unter-Abtsteinach
community Abtsteinach
Coordinates: 49 ° 31 ′ 44 ″  N , 8 ° 47 ′ 14 ″  E
Height : 402 m
Area : 5.84 km²
Residents : 951  (May 9, 2011)
Population density : 163 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 69518
Area code : 06207

Unter-Abtsteinach is a district of the municipality of Abtsteinach in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Unter-Abtsteinach is located in the Odenwald in a high valley floodplain on the upper reaches of the Steinach , which from here flows south towards Neckarsteinach towards the Neckar . The district extends in the south to the state border of Baden-Württemberg . The wooded heights of the Hohberg in the west with 531 meters and the Hardberg in the east of the district with 593 meters frame the location.

and display information about the image
Unter-Abtsteinach from the southwest, behind the Hardberg with the transmission mast and the boot height

history

Overview

Corresponding finds indicate that the area around Abtsteinach was already settled by Celts in pre-Roman times. More than a thousand years of history is secured, as the earliest documentary evidence that has been preserved in the Lorsch Codex, the existence of the place possesa Steinah , today's district of Ober-Abtsteinach, is first documented for the year 1012. The district of Unter-Abtsteinach, which arose on the upper course of the Steinach, was first mentioned in 1590 as part of the Abtsteinach district .

Absteinach arose in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . From here the reclamation and settlement of the area was carried out. The heyday of the Lorsch monastery, in whose area Abtsteinach was located, was followed by its decline in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1232 the monastery was subordinated to the Archdiocese of Mainz . In 1461, as a result of the Mainz collegiate feud , Kurmainz pledged these properties to the Electoral Palatinate . This changed to the Protestant faith in 1556 and closed the monastery in 1564.

The mills mentioned in 1480 "top, middle and bottom mill" were probably in the area of ​​today's Unter-Abtsteinach.

In the Middle Ages, Abtsteinach was the administrative center of the manorial estate and the place of jurisdiction. With the pledging of the Starkenburg office in 1461, the time of the Palatinate rule began for the Kurmainzer possessions on Bergstrasse and in the Odenwald. When Spanish troops of the Catholic League conquered the region during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), Kurmainzer rule was restored in 1623. As a result, the Reformation introduced by the Count Palatine was largely reversed and the population had to return to the Catholic faith. Although the Spanish troops withdrew from the approaching Swedes after 10 years, after the catastrophic defeat of the Evangelicals in the Nördlingen in 1634, the Swedes also left the Bergstrasse and with the Swedish-French War began the bloodiest chapter of the Thirty Years' War from 1635. The chroniclers of that time report from the region: "Plague and hunger rage in the country and decimate the population, so that the villages are often completely empty". With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, the redemption of the pledge was finally established. From the year 1654 it is reported that every centman is a serf of Kurmainz. For the same year is occupied that the place of 11 Huben was together with top-Abtsteinach annually 26½  fl. Bede had to pay to the winery in Heppenheim.

In 1782 Kurmainz carried out an administrative reform with which a district bailiwick was established in Fürth , in whose administrative district Unter-Abtsteinach was also located. The district bailiwick, in turn, is subordinate to the Starkenburg Oberamt of the “Lower Archbishopric” of the Electorate of Mainz . This largely restricted the cent's rights and freedom of choice .

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and ceased to exist with the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806. Through this reorganization and dissolution of the Kurmainz Oberamt Starkenburg came and sub-Abtsteinach with him to Hesse-Darmstadt , the 1806 which also under pressure, Napoleon formed Grand Duchy of Hesse came up.

After the administrative reform carried out in the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1821, Unter -Abtsteinach was co-administered by the mayor's office in Ober-Abtsteinach.

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Unterabtsteinach: A Catholic branch village with 445 inhabitants. The district consisted of 2335 acres , of which 841 acres were arable land, 261 acres were meadows and 1205 acres were forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the sub-village Unter-Abtsteinach with its own mayor's office, 55 houses, 341 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Wald-Michelbach district court, the Protestant parish Wald-Michelbach of the Lindenfels dean's office and the Catholic parish Ober-Abtsteinach of the deanery Heppenheim.

In Hesse, Unter-Abtsteinach belonged to the Lindenfels district as well as the Lindenfels and Heppenheim districts through a series of administrative reforms , until it came to today's Bergstrasse district in 1938 .

Unter-Abtsteinach had many victims to complain about in the two world wars. The memorial in the main street by the school building names 27 dead and missing persons for the First World War and 40 for the Second World War .

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 584  hectares , 321 hectares of which were forest.

Up until December 31, 1971, Ober- and Unter-Abtsteinach were independent communities. On this date, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the municipality of Abtsteinach was formed through the merger of the municipalities of Mackenheim, Ober-Abtsteinach and Unter-Abtsteinach. Local districts were not established.

Historical descriptions

The historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch, or the church history of the Upper Rhinegau, reports on the Unter-Abtsteinach in 1812:

»Unterabsteinach, a fairly sizeable (below Oberabsteinach) village of 25 farms with 33 houses and a church with 285 residents. There are also two mills there «

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Unter-Abtsteinach in 1829:

»Unterabtsteinach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) cath. Branch village; is 3 1 / 4   St. Linde rock at the Steinach and has 43 houses and 336 cath. Pop. There are 3 grinding mills and 1 oil mill. The place came from Mainz to Hesse in 1802. "

The following entry can be found in the latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845:

“Unter-Abtsteinach near Lindenfels. - Catholic branch village of Absteinach. - 43 H. 336 Catholic E. - Großherzogth. Hesse, - Province of Starkenbürg. - Heppenheim district. - Fürth district court. - Hofger. Darmstadt. - The village of Unter-Abtsteinach, situated on the Steinach, has 1 oil and 3 grinding mills and was transferred from Mainz to Hesse in 1802. "

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Unter-Abtsteinach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1654: 011 lifts
• 1806: 271 inhabitants, 32 houses
• 1812: 285 inhabitants, 33 houses
• 1829: 336 inhabitants, 43 houses
• 1867: 391 inhabitants, 55 houses
Unter-Abtsteinach: Population from 1806 to 2011
year     Residents
1806
  
 271
1829
  
 336
1834
  
 372
1840
  
 406
1846
  
 443
1852
  
 445
1858
  
 461
1864
  
 427
1871
  
 377
1875
  
 426
1885
  
 436
1895
  
 436
1905
  
 511
1910
  
 516
1925
  
 480
1939
  
 478
1946
  
 587
1950
  
 584
1956
  
 585
1961
  
 629
1967
  
 786
1970
  
 808
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 951
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011:

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 336 Catholic (= 100%) residents
• 1961: 35 Protestant (= 5.56%), 586 Roman Catholic (= 93.16%) residents

traffic

Two traffic arteries serve the regional road traffic. From the west, the L 3257 state road comes from Weinheim via Gorxheimertal and takes a long and winding climb between Trösel and Unter-Abtsteinach before it joins the L 535 in the center of the village. This in turn opens up the Steinach Valley in a north-south direction and thus connects Unter- and Ober-Abtsteinach . In the north it continues to Wald-Michelbach and in the south to Neckarsteinach.

Local character

The small sandstone chapel in the town center and the "Marien-Gotteshäusel" in small niches on the outer walls of many buildings are worth seeing. According to a legend, the statue of Mary in the chapel comes from the church ruin " Lichtenklingen ", around which many old stories entwine.

In the formerly purely agricultural place there were five mills along the Steinach, all of which have now disappeared. Currently five farms are still active, either meat and dairy farming or egg production.

literature

  • Peter W Sattler: 1000 years of Abtsteinach being and becoming, design and change. Weinheim Druckhaus Diesbach GmbH 2012.
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg. Volume 1, October 1829

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Unter-Abtsteinach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  3. ↑ a b c Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 711 .
  4. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 350 ( online at google books ).
  5. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 88 ( online at google books ).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 349-50 .
  7. ↑ a b Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 245 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  8. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 249 ( online at google books ).
  9. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 686 ( online at google books ).
  10. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  12. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.