Lindenfels

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Lindenfels
Lindenfels
Map of Germany, position of the city of Lindenfels highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 41 '  N , 8 ° 47'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
Circle : Mountain road
Height : 364 m above sea level NHN
Area : 21.09 km 2
Residents: 5105 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 242 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 64678,
64658 (Faustenbach)Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / zip code contains text
Primaries : 06255,
06254 (Kolmbach)Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : HP
Community key : 06 4 31 015
LOCODE : DE LFE
City structure: 7 districts

City administration address : 		Burgstrasse 39
64678 Lindenfels
Website : www.lindenfels.de
Mayor : Michael Helbig (independent applicant, SPD member)
Location of the city of Lindenfels in the Bergstrasse district
Groß-Rohrheim Zwingenberg (Bergstraße) Biblis Viernheim Lampertheim Bürstadt Einhausen (Hessen) Lorsch Bensheim Lautertal (Odenwald) Lindenfels Heppenheim (Bergstraße) Heppenheim (Bergstraße) Fürth (Odenwald) Grasellenbach Rimbach (Odenwald) Mörlenbach Wald-Michelbach Birkenau (Odenwald) Abtsteinach Gorxheimertal Hirschhorn (Neckar) Neckarsteinach Michelbuch (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Rheinland-Pfalz Baden-Württemberg Kreis Groß-Gerau Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg Odenwaldkreismap
About this picture

Lindenfels is a town in the Odenwald in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

geography

location

View from the north to the castle, catholic and evangelical church

The climatic health resort of Lindenfels is in the south of Hesse among many villages the only small town in the Vorderen Odenwald . The old town is 350 meters above sea level on the saddle between the wooded Schenkenberg (479.6 m above sea level) in the northeast and a mountain spur with Lindenfels Castle (410.4 m above sea level) in the southwest. The core town of Lindenfels is embedded all around in a wooded mountain landscape, its highest point is the Buch ( 535.3  m above sea level ) in the north. In Seidenbuch in the southwest of the urban area of the 576-meter high towers Krehberg on a striking Odenwald peaks and lies to the north of the city limits above the district Winterkasten the Neunkircher height , with 605 meters the highest peak in the Middle Odenwald. With the exception of Winterkasten, which lies on one of the two source streams of the Gersprenz that flows into the Main, all other parts of the city drain south into the Rhine via the Weschnitz valley system .

Communal neighborhood

Lindenfels is located in the northeastern Bergstrasse district and therefore shares its city limits with the Darmstadt-Dieburg district and the Odenwaldkreis . Lindenfels has six municipal border neighbors. The location of Lindenfels characterizes the center of the geographic polygon Darmstadt, Groß-Umstadt, Michelstadt / Erbach, Weinheim, Heppenheim and Bensheim in the crystalline Odenwald. The municipality of Lautertal (Gadernheim) adjoins it in the northwest, the municipality of Fürth (both in the Bergstrasse district) in the south. In the north, the communities of Modautal (Brandau) and Fischbachtal (Lützelbach) (both in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district) are the neighbors. In the northeast, the municipality borders on Fränkisch-Crumbach and in the east, Reichelsheim (both Odenwaldkreis) is the neighbor.

City structure

The districts of Eulsbach , Glattbach , Kolmbach , Schlierbach , Seidenbuch , Winkel and Winterkasten belong to Lindenfels . Located in the Lindenfels district and thus parts of the core city, the Litzelröder settlement in the north and part of the hamlet Faustenbach in the south , the remaining part of which belongs to the Ellenbach district of the Fürth community . The two properties on the Lindenfelser share have been owned by the castle and town of Lindenfels since historical times.

history

Beginnings until the 18th century

In 1123 Lindenfels was first mentioned in a document in the chronicle of the Lorsch monastery . The castle of Lindenfels can already be found as "Schlierburg" or "Slirburc" (an old form of Schlierbach) between 1077 and 1088 in this chronicle. In 1123 the castle was first referred to as Lindenfels Castle. Count Berthold the Younger called himself "Count von Lindenfels". In the 12th and 13th centuries, the owners changed several times, including the Staufer and Welfen . In 1277, Count Palatine Ludwig II bought the castle and the associated place. Since then the place has belonged to the Electoral Palatinate for almost 600 years and was the seat of an upper office .
In 1336 Emperor Ludwig IV granted Lindenfels city and market rights at the Reichstag in Frankfurt . As a result, Lindenfels gained freedoms and privileges such as the exemption of the citizens from bondage and later from duties and valuations . Lured by these perks, many craftsmen settled in the city.
Lindenfels Castle survived the Thirty Years War largely unscathed, but it lost a lot of its importance at the end of the 15th century. The Palatine Administration to 1728 forced empty coffers keep demolish and sell the material. In 1779 other parts of the castle were demolished.

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran creed, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. In Lindenfels on January 3, 1544, the first Protestant service was held in the "Holy Spirit Church". In 1563 a large fire destroyed several houses in Lindenfels, part of the building material for the reconstruction was brought from the decaying chapel in Lichtenklingen .

In 1618 the Thirty Years' War broke out, in which the Bohemian rebels against Emperor Rudolf II , Frederick V of the Palatinate , head of the Protestant Union , and the Duke of Savoy, Karl Emanuel I , were able to win them over. The latter financed the army under Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld in support of Bohemia, which also caused great devastation in the Protestant areas of the Palatinate and Hesse. With the participation of all major European powers, it was ultimately about hegemony in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and in Europe. When the war finally ended in 1648 with the peace congress in Münster and Osnabrück , large parts of the country were devastated by acts of war, disease and famine and the Electoral Palatinate, as one of the most severely affected areas, had lost almost half of the population. On the Bergstrasse in particular, large areas outside the fortified cities were completely depopulated. After the devastating war, the Electoral Palatinate pursued a policy of resettlement in its area characterized by religious tolerance. But the wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many of the efforts and tens of thousands of Palatine emigrated and the like. a. to North America and Prussia.
How much Lindenfels had to suffer from the Thirty Years' War is shown by a report from the citizens to the Elector shortly after the peace agreement that 50 to 60 citizens lived in Lindenfels before the war, but now there are only 10. In 1732 the place only had 82 inhabitants. Lindenfels was also affected by the subsequent conflicts with high damage to property and livestock as well as extorted money payments.

From a religious point of view, too, the time after the Thirty Years' War was marked by great unrest. In 1685 the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line took over the government in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate. Even during the War of the Palatinate Succession, France tried to promote the Counter-Reformation in the conquered areas and founded a number of Catholic parishes. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk , which strengthened the position of the then reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm . This led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches, schools and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. It was only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 that the so-called Palatinate church division came about , with which the simultaneous was reversed. The churches in the country, along with parsonages and schools, were divided between the Reformed and the Catholics in a ratio of five to two. There were special regulations for the three capitals Heidelberg , Mannheim and Frankenthal (Palatinate) as well as the regional authorities Alzey , Kaiserslautern , Oppenheim , Bacharach and Weinheim . In cities with two churches, one should go to Protestants and the other to Catholics; in the others, where there was only one church, the choir was separated from the nave by a wall, and the choir was given to Catholics and the nave to Protestants. The Lutherans were only allowed those churches that they owned in 1624 or had built afterwards.

19th century until today

Lindenfels becomes Hessian

During the Electoral Palatinate period, Lindenfels was part of the office and later the Oberamt Lindenfels . The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, which implemented the provisions of the peace at Lunéville . The Electoral Palatinate was dissolved and the previous upper administrative city of Lindenfels came to Hesse, where it was assigned to the Principality of Starkenburg , located in the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, and continued as the Hessian administrative bailiff .

With the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806, the Roman Empire finally ceased to exist. On August 14, 1806, the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt was raised to the Grand Duchy by Napoleon, against placing high military contingents on France and joining the Confederation of the Rhine , otherwise he was threatened with invasion. After the final defeat of Napoleon, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, whereby Article 47 assigned it further areas, including Worms , Alzey , Bingen and Mainz , an area known as Rheinhessen . In 1815 the Grand Duchy joined the German Confederation . By the treaty of Frankfurt on June 30, 1816 Grand Duke Ludwig joined the already before the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss occupied on September 6, 1802 Duchy of Westphalia from the King of Prussia. As a result, provinces were formed in Hesse in 1816, and the areas south of the Main, which were combined in the Principality of Starkenburg, were renamed the Province of Starkenburg.

In 1814 serfdom was lifted in the Grand Duchy. With the constitution of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , introduced on December 17, 1820 , a constitutional monarchy came into being , in which the Grand Duke still had great powers. The civil rights such as lower jurisdiction , tithe, basic interest and other gradients persisted until 1848.

In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy of Hesse were dissolved and district districts were introduced, with Lindenfels having its own district district . Afterwards Lindenfels belonged to the districts of Lindenfels , Heppenheim and Bensheim as a result of several administrative reforms , before it came to today's Bergstrasse district in 1938 .

The state road from Worms via Bensheim through the Lautertal to Lindenfels and on to Michelstadt was very beneficial for the development of Lindenfels and its hard stone industry. It was given the name Nibelungenstrasse, referring to the Nibelungen saga. The road made an important contribution to improving the infrastructure of the Vorderen Odenwald . A further improvement was achieved with the opening of the Main-Neckar Railway in 1846, which initially connected Bensheim with Langen , Darmstadt and Heppenheim and a little later extended to Frankfurt and Mannheim . A census from December 3, 1858 showed 111 houses and 826 inhabitants for Lindenfels, of which 546 were Protestants and 280 Catholics.

From September 16, 1861, the first mail coach to Lindenfels operated with the name “Postexpedition with a Carrioalpost connection between Fürth and Lindenfels” . The carriage carried both travelers and luggage. The grand-ducal general post office ordered this connection to be discontinued on March 24, 1863. At the same time, stagecoach traffic between Lindenfels and Bensheim was ordered to begin on April 1. At first there was only one connection a day, in the morning from Lindenfels and in the evening from Bensheim. The stagecoaches operated until the beginning of the 20th century. On January 6, 1906, the first "Motor-Omnibusgesellschaft" started operating on the Lindenfels - Reichenbach - Bensheim route with three connections a day and a journey time of one hour.

In 1862 there were first plans for a railway line from Bensheim to Lindenfels. In particular, the member of parliament and paper manufacturer Wilhelm Euler and the cigarette manufacturer Louis Auler , both from Bensheim, campaigned for it. The project was also supported by the mayors of the region and representatives of the stone industry, the cardboard factories in Wilmshausen and Elmshause and the ultramarine inking plant in Lautern. In 1897 surveying work was carried out after the People's Chamber had approved this. However, disagreement about the route delayed the project and the outbreak of the First World War put an end to the efforts for the time being. Another initiative in 1925 failed due to the progressive development of motor vehicle traffic, which made route construction superfluous.

The beginning of tourism in Lindenfels can be traced back to the 1830s. The completion of Nibelungenstrasse was particularly beneficial for this. The first hostels and inns appeared in the middle of the 19th century. The guests were still traveling with their servants and mostly came from the cities of Frankfurt, Heidelberg, Darmstadt and Koblenz. The “Kur- und Wasserheilanstalt” of the Sanitary Council Nikolaus Schmitt made a special contribution to the development, where a spa facility with over 120 beds was built in a few years. In 1906 Lindenfels had over 400 beds in 15 hotels, inns and guest houses and over 2000 spa guests were registered.

Time of world wars

At the end of the First World War , Lindenfels had 42 casualties.

In the Second World War there were 90 fallen or missing soldiers in Lindenfels.

Post-war and present

After the end of World War II , the American military administration set up a DP camp to accommodate Jewish so-called Displaced Persons (DP) . The camp was disbanded in November 1948.

As the population figures from 1939 and 1946 show, Lindenfels also had to cope with many refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern regions after the war .

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 333  hectares , of which 167 hectares were forest.

In 1969, Lindenfels was awarded the title of “ health resort ”.

During the refugee crisis in Europe from 2015 , Lindenfels took in 130 refugees, the highest rate in the Bergstrasse district.

Historical descriptions

In the attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Elector. Pfalz am Rheine can be found in 1786 via the city of Lindenfels:

»In 1784 there were 84 families, 378 souls in the town; 2 churches, 2 parishes, 1 school and 54 bourgeois houses, plus 1 mill. The district contains 148 M. Aecker, 43 M. Miesen, 10 M. Gardens, 14 M. Weide, and 70 M. Forest. 40 m of the forest districts belong to the community and 26 m to the electoral court chamber; the so-called Jordanswäldchen from 2 meters to the Ulner heirs, and the Kemspachswäldlein from about 2 and a half acres to the Baron von Brettlach.
The church in the little town of Lindenfels was formerly a branch of the parish of Fürth in Mainz. This included two benefices, one to UL Fr. (“Our Dear Lady”), the other to St. Martin, which Ruprecht I. Kurf., Donated in the year 1371 by giving 50 pounds of Häller eternal Gülte Speirer above Worser Currency bequeathed annually to each of the two altars. In the case of church division, the Reformed church was given over to that church, which turned it into a parish, appointed one with its own preacher, and assigned the branch church to Schlierbach to him. She is under the Weinheim inspection. In the castle there is a chapel of H. Michaels, which the Catholics initially used. But in 1728 they also built their own church and made it a parish for the whole of Thal and New Cent . The pastor belongs to the rural chapter of Weinheim; where the Lutherans are parish both in the city and in most places of the Oberamt.
On the big tithe, the electoral court chamber receives two-thirds, and the spiritual administration in the name of the Stift zum Heiligen Geist in Heidelberg the rest.
To free goods said Hofkammer besizet the so-called Schloßgut of 71 morning. Then the Baron von Belderbusch and the Baron von Brettlach are wealthy with a small number of acres of land there. Previously there were three farms in the area, one of which was the Junkern Knebel, the other the Ulner, and the third the von Rodenstein.
The city court, appointed with a city schoolmaster and four council relatives, has the Pfalzbaierian square coat of arms with a linden tree on it in its seal. "

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Lindenfels in 1829:

»Lindenfels (L. Bez. Gl. N.) city; is 6 hours south-east of Darmstadt on the western slope of a mountain on which the ruins of Lindenfels Castle are. The city has 99 houses and 880 inhabitants, including 61 Lutherans, 365 Catholics, 453 Reformers and 1 Jew, and is the seat of the district council and the rent office . One finds here 1 reform. And 1 cath. Church, of which the former was newly consecrated on Sept. 4, 1825. 5 markets are held here every year. - The area came under the Frankish kings to the Lorsch monastery, which they gave back to fief. First a Count Berthold von Lindenfels appears as Lorscher Vogt in 1123, after whose childless death Lindenfels came to the descendants of his oldest sister and through them to the Count Palatine Conrad von Hohenstaufen , brother of Emperor Friedrich I. It was married to this Count Palatine only daughter, Agnes, by Duke Heinrich of Saxony, who lived in it around 1211. Through his daughter Irmgard , the castle came to Herrmann Margrave of Baden through Heurath, whose 3 sons sold it in 1277 for 2,300 marks of soldered silver to Count Palatine Ludwig II . This purchase caused great disputes between Mainz and the Palatinate, while Mainz got the Lorsch Monastery and made claims on Lindenfels because of the fief. This dispute was amicably settled in 1308. In 1314, Count Palatine Ludwig from Baiern pledged Lindenfels to Archbishop Peter von Mainz . Finally, in 1329, the castle was granted to the Count Palatine by the Treaty of Pavia for ever. The city of Lindenfels is first mentioned in the 14th century. In 1336 King Ludwig granted it urban freedom, a weekly market and 2 annual markets, the latter of which were subsequently increased by two. The castle, which was never destroyed, was still habitable in 1784, but gradually fell into disrepair. The church, formerly a branch of Fürth, was elevated to a parish church in 1564 and fell to the Reformers when they separated in 1705. There was a chapel at the castle, which the Catholics initially used until they built a new church in 1728. The city, which gave its name to a Palatinate Oberamt, like the castle, from which one has a wonderful view of the Weschnitzthal, came from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. «

  • Views of Lindenfels around 1634 and 1891

  • View of Lindenfels around 1812

  • Lindenfelser Valley, 1829

  • View of Lindenfels, 1908

  • View of Lindenfels 2011

Administration and courts

In the time of the Electorate of the Palatinate, Lindenfels was an administrative city and later an upper administrative city . When Lindenfels came to Hesse in 1803, the Oberamt was initially continued as the Hessian district bailiff. From 1803 it belonged to the Principality of Starkenburg in the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt and from 1806 to the Grand Duchy of Hesse, in which the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt was merged. The area consisting of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803 onwards was designated as the “Principality of Starkenburg” . After the Napoleonic era, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse. As a result, provinces were formed in the Grand Duchy in 1816. The area previously known as the Principality of Starkenburg was retained within its boundaries and renamed the Province of Starkenburg .

After that, the responsible administrative units changed several times as a result of administrative reforms. In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy of Hesse were dissolved and district councils were introduced. The city of Lindenfels was awarded its own district district in this context. As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . The seat of the court was deliberately separated from the seat of the district administrator in order to underline the independence of the judiciary.

In 1832 the territorial units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be two districts in Süd-Starkenburg in future: Bensheim and Lindenfels. The district of Heppenheim should fall into the district of Bensheim. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Lindenfels then belonged. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and land rent (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the type that still largely exists today.

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, the law on the conditions of landlords and noble court lords of April 15, 1848, finally abolished the special rights of the landlords . In addition, the counties and administrative districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished in the provinces on July 31, 1848 and replaced by administrative districts. The previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Lindenfels became the seat of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Lindenfels: City of Lindenfels with 985 inhabitants. The district consisted of 1350 acres , including 461 acres of arable land, 157 acres of meadows and 685 acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, 118 houses, 863 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Lindenfels Protestant parish of the Lindenfels deanery and the Lindenfels Catholic parish of the Heppenheim deanery were given for Lindenfels with its own mayor's office. The Faustenbach farm (2 houses, 16 residents) was also administered by the mayor's office.

After the Grand Duchy of Hesse had been part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the incorporation of Lindenfels into the Bensheim district.

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 333  hectares , of which 167 hectares were forest.

The jurisdiction was in Lindenfels since the city status in 1336 largely to the town council. But there was still the appellate court in Heidelberg for certain cases . With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the regional court of Fürth becomes the court of first instance for Lindenfels.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, with which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth district court and assigned to the district of Darmstadt Regional Court .

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Lindenfels was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Incorporations

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the previously independent municipalities of Eulsbach , Glattbach , Schlierbach , Winkel (on December 31, 1970), Winterkasten and the Kolmbach district of Gadernheim (on December 31, 1971), as well as Seidenbuch (on December 31, 1971), became part of the municipality of Gadernheim on a voluntary basis August 1, 1972) incorporated into the city of Lindenfels by state law .

For the seven former municipalities, local districts with local advisory councils and local councilors were established in accordance with the Hessian municipal code.

population

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 5044 residents in Lindenfels on May 9, 2011. These included 247 (4.9%) foreigners, of whom 126 came from other EU countries, 91 from other European countries and 30 from other countries. The inhabitants lived in 2285 households. Of these, 759 were single households , 661 couples without children and 619 couples with children, as well as 189 single parents and 57 shared apartments .

Population development

• 1784: 378 souls; 84 families; two churches, two parishes, a school and 54 bourgeois houses, as well as a mill
• 1806: 556 inhabitants, 78 houses
• 1829: 880 inhabitants, 99 houses
• 1867: 879 inhabitants, 120 houses
Lindenfels: Population from 1784 to 2015
year     Residents
1784
  
 378
1806
  
 556
1829
  
 880
1834
  
 899
1840
  
 948
1846
  
 917
1852
  
 985
1858
  
 826
1864
  
 855
1871
  
 906
1875
  
 935
1885
  
 1.011
1895
  
 1,276
1905
  
 1,600
1910
  
 1,519
1925
  
 1,428
1939
  
 1,382
1946
  
 2,001
1950
  
 2,051
1956
  
 1,968
1961
  
 1,947
1967
  
 2,108
1970
  
 2,853
1972
  
 4,581
1976
  
 4,627
1984
  
 4,935
1992
  
 5,343
2000
  
 5,300
2005
  
 5,362
2010
  
 5,049
2011
  
 5,044
2015
  
 5,062
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1972 :; 1976 :; 1984 :; 1992 :; 2000 :; 2005 :; 2010 :; 2011 census; 2015:
From 1970 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform .

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 61 Lutheran (= 6.93%), 453 Reformed (= 51.48%), one Jewish (= 0.11%) and 365 Catholic (= 41.48%) residents
• 1961: 1266 Protestant (= 65.02%), 626 Catholic (= 32.15%) inhabitants
• 2011: 2647 Protestant (= 52.5%), 1102 Catholic (= 21.8%), 1295 other (= 25.7%) residents

Gainful employment

The municipality in comparison with the district, administrative district Darmstadt and Hesse:

year local community district Administrative district Hesse
Employees subject to social security contributions 2017 741 72,939 1,695,567 2,524,156
Change to 2000 −37.4% + 17.1% + 16.1% + 16.0%
of which full-time 2017 59.8% 70.8% 72.8% 71.8%
of which part-time 2017 40.2% 29.2% 27.2% 28.2%
Only marginally paid employees 2017 288 15,613 224.267 372.991
Change to 2000 −12.7% −4.3% + 9.0% + 8.8%
Branch year local community district Administrative district Hesse
Manufacturing 2000 26.6% 39.6% 27.0% 30.6%
2017 *)% 32.1% 20.4% 24.3%
Commerce, hospitality and transport 2000 13.4% 25.1% 26.4% 25.1%
2017 15.1% 25.8% 24.7% 23.8%
Business services 2000 04.4% 11.6% 25.1% 20.2%
2017 8.2% 15.5% 31.6% 26.1%
other services 2000 54.5% 22.0% 20.1% 22.5%
2017 53.4% 25.3% 23.0% 25.4%
Other (or without assignment) 2000 01.1% 01.7% 01.4% 01.5%
2017 23.1% 01.1% 00.3% 00.4%

*) anonymized

politics

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
    
A total of 31 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
LWG / CDU Lindenfelser voter community / Christian Democratic Union of Germany 37.2 11 42.4 13 46.9 14th 49.3 15th
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 47.3 15th 36.6 12 38.3 12 37.3 12
GREEN Alliance 90 / The Greens 10.0 3 17.2 5 8.7 3 8.1 2
FDP Free Democratic Party 5.5 2 3.7 1 6.2 2 5.3 2
total 100 31 100 31 100 31 100 31
Voter turnout in% 53.0 53.0 52.1 68.6

mayor

Michael Helbig (SPD) was elected Mayor of Lindenfels on March 3, 2013. He succeeded the First City Councilor Otto Schneider (SPD), who acted as First City Councilor for Oliver Hoeppner (CDU) in the 14 months before Michael Helbig took office. Oliver Hoeppner suddenly retired from his office in the spring of 2012 and was retired on December 31, 2012 at the instigation of the magistrate.

  • 1966–1983 Adam Pfeifer (LWG)
  • 1983-2001 Peter C. Woitge (CDU)
  • 2001–2012 Oliver Hoeppner (LWG / CDU)
  • since April 2013 Michael Helbig (SPD)

Districts

The following local districts with local advisory board and local councilor according to the Hessian municipal code exist in the municipality:

  • Eulsbach district (areas of the former Eulsbach municipality ). The local advisory board consists of five members.
  • Glattbach district (areas of the former Glattbach municipality ). The local advisory board consists of five members.
  • Kolmbach district (areas of the former Kolmbach community ). The local advisory board consists of seven members.
  • District Schlierbach (areas of the former municipality Schlierbach ). The local advisory board consists of seven members.
  • Seidenbuch district (areas of the former Seidenbuch community ). The local advisory board consists of seven members.
  • Winkel district (areas of the former Winkel municipality ). The local advisory board consists of five members.
  • Winterkasten district (areas of the former Winterkasten community ). The local advisory board consists of nine members.

coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: "In silver on a three-part green rock, a green linden tree, the trunk of which is covered with a black shield, inside a red crowned, red armored golden lion."

It was awarded in 1925 and goes back to the historic city seal. The emblem symbolizes speaking the place name. The Palatinate Lion is a reminder of the former belonging to the Electoral Palatinate .

Town twinning

Lindenfels has had a town partnership with Moëlan-sur-Mer in France since 1968 and with Pawłowiczki in Poland since 1998 .

Culture and sights

Museums

Lindenfels Museum

The museum holdings include the subject groups urban history, agriculture, folklore and handicrafts. Every year on the first weekend in October, parts of the museum workshops are put into operation on the Lindenfels Customs Days, as well as the outdoor facilities for the oven and apple press. Location: Burgstrasse 41 (in the Zehntscheuer at the Kurgarten).

Lindenfels Dragon Museum

It shows how the myth of the dragon came about thousands of years ago and how it spread around the world. The museum also includes an exhibition of dragons in the neighboring town tower , from whose tower platform one has a view of Lindenfels and the surrounding area. Location: Haus Baureneck, In der Stadt 2.

Buildings

  • In the middle of the city is the Lindenfels castle ruins , a popular excursion destination. From there you have a wide view over the Weschnitz valley . The castle is the venue for numerous events (medieval spectacle in May, castle and costume festival in August, classic open air in August, open air in July).

  • View of Lindenfels

  • Castle, Catholic and Protestant church, town tower

  • Catholic rectory from 1752

  • Town hall from 1755

  • Cultural monument - half-timbered house Burgstrasse 21

  • The Bismarck Observatory

  • The Bismarckwarte (one of the numerous Bismarck towers in Germany) is located on the Litzelröder Höhe ( 452  m above sea level ). It was built from 1906 to 1907 by the Lindenfels Beautification and Tourist Association and Odenwald Club. The tower is 12.3 meters high and open to the general public without restrictions. 1997–1998 the tower was completely renovated. A staircase inside leads to the accessible platform, from which you can enjoy a view of the valleys around Lindenfels.
  • Other sights are the Baur de Betaz house, the outer and inner Fürth gate as well as various half-timbered houses and baroque buildings that line the pedestrian zone towards the castle. These include the town hall and the Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul . Johann Franz Schlunkard, mayor of Lindenfels between 1745 and 1755, built the baroque building during his time in office. It passed into the possession of the Palatinate Court Chamber in 1768 and was used as an office building from then on and from 1802 by the Hessian administration. It also served as a rent office and was ultimately the seat of the Lindenfels Forest District. In 1953 the property was acquired by the city of Lindenfels and has served as the town hall ever since.
  • Below the Catholic Church is the Catholic rectory. It belongs to the baroque group of buildings in Lindenfels and was built between 1750 and 1752. The corner pilasters (wall panels), the walls made of red sandstone, the double coat of arms of the Electoral Palatinate and the gable niche with the statue of Mary contribute to the enlivenment of the facade of the stately building.
  • The Lindenfels Museum is located in the old tithe barn. Under the leitmotif From the Upper Official Town of the Electoral Palatinate to the Climatic Health Resort , collections on the city's history, folklore, agriculture, handicrafts and printing are shown on four levels. Changing exhibitions take place in a room that was redesigned in 2009.
  • In the spring of 2010, the German Dragon Museum was opened in the Baureneck house in the city center (“In der Stadt”). There the origin of the myth of the dragon, the dragons of the east and the west and various dragon literature are shown. In a room for young people with a video system, children can playfully deal with the topic of kites.
  • The citizen tower is not far northeast of the Evangelical Church . It is an observation tower and houses parts of the exhibition of the kite museum.
  • In the vicinity of Lindenfels on the Krehberg there is a 122 meter high Deutsche Telekom AG transmission tower for VHF and radio relay. The tower consists of a free-standing steel framework on which a guyed transmission mast is mounted.
  • On November 25, 2009, after natural erosion, an approx. 3 m × 5 m large granite rock with a weight of approx. 80 tons loosened from the rock massif of Lindenfels Castle, it rolled down the slope, broke through two walls, and left a path of devastation and lay in the damp ground in front of the spa garden pavilion. The boulder was named Drachenfels in 2010 as part of an application by the Hessian city center offensive Ab in die Mitte after an ideas competition to find a name.

Hiking trails

The Nibelungensteig , a 130-kilometer long long- distance hiking trail certified with the quality seal “Quality Trail Wanderable Germany” , runs through Lindenfels and runs through the Odenwald from west to east. The 172-kilometer Main-Stromberg-Weg, which begins in Frankfurt am Main and ends in Sternenfels on the ridge of the Stromberg, also leads through Lindenfels.

Regular events

The most important annual events include:

  • the Easter and artists' market two weeks before Easter in the community center,
  • from June to July the Lindenfelser Noodle Days
  • the kite festival on the first Sunday in July at the kite museum,
  • the traditional castle and costume festival on the 1st weekend in August with fireworks, pageant and folk festival at the castle,
  • the medieval spectacle in May (from 2011 only every two years) with jousting ,
  • the Klassik Open Air since 2003 on the third weekend (Saturday) at Lindenfels Castle
  • the traditional days in October, when traditional Odenwald customs and handicrafts are presented,
  • the open air cinema at the end of August; three films are shown in the castle ruins from Thursday to Saturday.

  • Castle lighting for the castle festival

  • Medieval jousting games

  • Medicinal plant garden at the castle

  • Drachenfels

  • Drachenfels

Economy and Infrastructure

Land use

The municipal area covers a total area of ​​9673 hectares, of which in hectares are:

Type of use 2011 2015
Building and open space 240 248
from that Living 99 99
Business 9 15th
Operating area 25th 17th
from that Mining land 9 6th
Recreation area 22nd 22nd
from that Green area 11 11
traffic area 425 425
Agricultural area 5089 5086
from that moor 0 0
pagan 0 0
Forest area 3746 3748
Water surface 86 86
Other use 58 41

tourism

The districts of Schlierbach and Winkel are recognized resorts .

media

The Starkenburger Echo and Bergsträßer Anzeiger report on local events .

education

There is a primary school in Lindenfels. Day care centers are located in Lindenfels and in Winterkasten. The city of Lindenfels operates a library.

traffic

Federal road 47, built in 1840 as a state road from Worms to Michelstadt , runs through Lindenfels . Today it is also known as Nibelungenstrasse .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities related to Lindenfels

  • Carl Alwin Schenck (1868–1955), forest scientist, founder of the first American forestry school (1898), lived in Lindenfels during the Second World War

literature

Web links

Commons : Lindenfels  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Lindenfels  - Sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Lindenfels  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Numbers, data, facts. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed December 2018 .
  3. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 48 ( online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 93 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  5. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger" 2007. (PDF 8.61 MB) A terrible path through the valley. P. 38 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; accessed on December 28, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 113 ( online at google books ).
  7. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the “Bergsträßer Anzeiger” 2007: “In an hour through the valley”, p. 76
  8. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger" 2007: "Bahnlinie auf totem Gleis", p. 77
  9. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the Bergsträßer Anzeiger 2007: “Over 2000 spa guests per year”. P. 14
  10. ↑ a b Monument project: Lindenfels, World War I , accessed on December 12, 2016.
  11. ↑ DP camp Lindenfels. In: ushmm.org. Retrieved September 2019 .
  12. ↑ a b c d e f Lindenfels, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 24, 2018 .
  13. ↑ People want simple answers, but unfortunately there are currently none. In: morgenweb.de. Mannheimer Morgen, March 10, 2016, accessed March 2016 .
  14. ^ A b Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 487 ff . ( Online at googe books ).
  15. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 141 f . ( Online at google books ).
  16. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  17. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  18. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  19. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 339 ( online at google books ).
  20. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 54 ( online at google books ).
  21. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  22. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger" 2007: "The emergence of the Bergstrasse district." P. 109
  23. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  24. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  25. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  26. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  27. ↑ Integration of communities into the city of Lindenfels, Bergstrasse district of January 7, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 141 , point 177 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  28. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Bergstrasse district (GVBl. II 330–15 § 2) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 222 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  29. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 212 .
  30. ↑ a b local councils. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed December 2019 .
  31. ↑ a b Population according to nationality groups: Lindenfels, city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in September 2019 .
  32. ^ Households by family: Lindenfels, city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in September 2019 .
  33. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  34. ↑ Local elections 1977; Relevant population of the municipalities (item 1668) from December 15, 1976 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1976 No.  52 , p. 2283 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 10.3 MB ]).
  35. ^ Local elections 1985; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 30, 1984 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1984 No.  46 , p. 2175 , point 1104 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).
  36. ↑ local elections 1993; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 21, 1992 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1992 No.  44 , p. 2766 , point 935 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.1 MB ]).
  37. ↑ a b municipality data sheet : Lindenfels. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH ;
  38. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2005). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original . ;
  39. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2010). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original . ;
  40. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2015). In: Hessian State Statistical Office . Archived from the original . ;
  41. ^ Religious affiliation : Lindenfels, city. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in September 2019 .
  42. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. 431015 Lindenfels, Stadt. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in September 2019 .
  43. ^ Result of the municipal election of March 27, 2011. 431015 Lindenfels, Stadt. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in November 2019 .
  44. ^ Result of the municipal election of March 26, 2006. 431015 Lindenfels, Stadt. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in December 2019 .
  45. ↑ Results of the municipal elections of 2001 and 1997. (No longer available online.) Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original ; accessed in November 2019 .
  46. ↑ pers. Communication from Oliver Hoeppner from April 12, 2013.
  47. ↑ Mayoral elections in Lindenfels, city. Hessian State Statistical Office , accessed in December 2019 .
  48. ↑ From foreman to mayor: Adam Pfeifer will be 90 tomorrow , Bergsträßer Anzeiger March 12, 2011
  49. ↑ High honor for Woitge , Bergsträßer Gazette March 20, 2010
  50. ↑ The oldest Lindenfels city seals. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed September 2019 .
  51. ^ Historical city tour Lindenfels, Station 10 - City Hall. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed September 2019 .
  52. ↑ Historical city tour Lindenfels, station 12 - rectory. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed September 2019 .
  53. ↑ City of Lindenfels: Sign on Drachenfels in the spa garden: Welcome to Drachenfels . Lindenfels October 16, 2017.
  54. ↑ Odenwälder Kartoffelsupp, Echo Newspapers GmbH, Darmstadt, April 2019, p. 7.
  55. ↑ Odenwälder Kartoffelsupp, Echo Newspapers GmbH, Darmstadt, June 2019, p. 12.
  56. ↑ Darmstädter Echo, Saturday, April 14, 2018, p. 22.
  57. ↑ Hessisches Statistisches Informationssystem In: Statistics.Hessen.
  58. ↑ Hessian Ministry for Economic Affairs, Energy, Transport and Regional Development: 80th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreation areas and healing wells in Hesse on October 14, 2014 . State gazette for the state of Hesse 7/2015 page 148