House contract from Pavia

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The house contract of Pavia was a house contract of the Wittelsbach family from August 4, 1329 . The Upper Bavarian Line was divided into the older Palatinate line and the younger Bavarian line . The property, which included the older Duchy of Upper Bavaria and the Palatinate County near the Rhine , was also divided. The northern Italian town of Pavia was chosen as the place of conclusion of the contract because Ludwig IV stayed in Italy after his coronation as emperor.

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Territorial impact

The Wittelsbach Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian ceded the Rhine Palatinate and the Upper Palatinate to the sons of his brother Rudolf in the treaty of Pavia Rudolf II the Blind and Ruprecht I the Red . Emperor Ludwig kept Upper Bavaria and smaller districts north of Regensburg for himself and his heirs .

After the division, the old Bavarian Nordgau was initially called the state of the Palatinate in Bavaria . Since it was geographically higher than the Rhenish Palatinate, the name "Upper Palatinate" became common in the 15th century.

Right of choice

The house contract also stipulated that the right to choose a king (the cure ) should alternately be exercised by the Palatinate and Bavarian Wittelsbachers .

According to the Frankfurt Treaty of August 11, 1338, the Upper Bavarian line should have the right to vote, alternating with the Palatine, but the Lower Bavarian Wittelsbach line died out in December 1340 and was inherited by Upper Bavaria.

In 1355/56, however, with the Golden Bull, this right was granted to the Palatinate line alone, which became the basis of the disputes in the causa palatina after the Reformation : From 1623 the electoral dignity lay with the Bavarian line, the conflict was resolved in 1648 by electoral dignities for both lines .

Effects

The house contract became topical again in 1777 when the Ludovician line died out. At that time, another passage of the house contract came into play, which said that if one line in the male line became extinct, the other should inherit its territories and rights. The legacy of Elector Maximilian III. Joseph joined Karl Theodor from the Pfalz-Neuburg-Sulzbach line , who was elector of the now reunited Electoral Palatinate Bavaria . In this case of inheritance, Karl Theodor explicitly referred to the Pavia house contract.

literature

  • Hans Rall (ed.): Wittelsbach house contracts of the late Middle Ages. The house and constitutional documents of the Wittelsbachers from 1310, 1329, 1392/93, 1410 and 1472 (= series of publications on Bavarian regional history. Vol. 71). Beck, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-406-10471-1 .
  • Klaus-Frédéric Johannes : Prolegomena to the house contract of Pavia (1329) and its importance for the Palatinate, in: Mobilitas. Festschrift for Werner Schreiner's 70th birthday , ed. v. Klaus-Frédéric Johannes, (= series of publications of the Neustadt district group in the Historisches Verein der Pfalz, NF 1), Neustadt an der Weinstraße 2017, pp. 71–92.

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