Silk book

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Silk book
City of Lindenfels
Coat of arms from Seidenbuch
Coordinates: 49 ° 41 ′ 18 "  N , 8 ° 44 ′ 28"  E
Height : 422 m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.62 km²
Residents : 359  (Dec. 31, 2012)
Population density : 222 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : August 1, 1972
Postal code : 64678
Area code : 06255

Seidenbuch is a district of Lindenfels in the Bergstrasse Odenwald district in southern Hesse . The place was built around a glassworks in the 18th century .

Geographical location

Seidenbuch is located on the northern slope of the Krehberg in the Vorderen Odenwald at an altitude of 434 meters, the new development area on the eastern slope at 470 meters. The district covers an area of ​​162 hectares, 119 hectares of which are forest, and it is located in the Bergstrasse-Odenwald Geo-Nature Park .

Seidenbuch is about 8 km west of the city center of Lindenfels. The closest localities are Glattbach and Winkel in the northeast, Knoden and Schannenbach in the west, Seidenbach and Erlenbach in the south and Eulsbach and Schlierbach in the southeast.

history

overview

The village of Seidenbuch was founded with the construction of a glassworks in 1782.

The glassworks had a short and varied economic development. Two manufacturers had applied to use the beech wood resources in this area: Wolfgang Renner from Wald-Michelbach wanted to set up an armory and the Mannheim court cellar master Franz Friederich wanted to build a glassworks. The latter received permission to build a glassworks on February 15, 1782. At that time there was no other glassworks in the Electoral Palatinate. The approval states: Franz Friedrich should “produce all types of glass and glassware, especially bad green and black, also common white, of excellent quality and beauty”. What is often forgotten is that the elector moved to Munich in 1778, but the elector Elisabeth-Auguste still resided with her large court in Mannheim and Oggersheim. But already after 18 years the glassworks had to be closed again because the forest had been cut down and the Palatinate administration fled to Munich from the approaching French. In October 1835 the settlement (the inheritance) was sold by the Peter Friedrich to Carl Neuhaus, who soon afterwards sold the land to the residents who had often been landless until then.

Because the population suffered great hardship, the forest fields were created in 1849, which today form the new building area.

In 1934 the Seidenbuch district was merged with the Seidenbuchwald to form a district.

Since Seidenbuch had very little arable land and still has it today, mainly small-scale agriculture was practiced, which was essentially limited to the cultivation of potatoes and grain , as well as pig and goat farming. Only two farms owned horses and a few more cows. In the 19th century there were several small businesses in the village, such as a wool, cloth and tobacco factory, an instrument maker named Josef Tremper, a matchmaker, baskets were made of woven chairs and the Fleischmann family provided excellent carpenters.

After the middle of the 19th century, mining played an important role in Seidenbach for a few years with the extraction of graphite and copper . With the construction of quarries in the Seidenbuch forest, skilled workers from the Fichtel Mountains, Bavaria and Italy came to Seidenbuch. Many of the quarries were closed again by the Second World War.

Seidenbuch was connected to the electricity network in 1925.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse, the municipality of Seidenbuch was incorporated into the city of Lindenfels by law on August 1, 1972.

Place name

As early as the 16th century, the area on the Krehberg was called "the silk beeches", and in the Lindenfelser Salbuch (State Archive Darmstadt, Salbuch 64a, 64b) of the early 17th century "Seidenbuch". The name of the village is derived from this. The soils and the location of the Seidenbuch forest are ideal for the growth of beeches . The tallest beech tree measured was 52 meters long. The tallest old beech trees in Hesse grow in this area.

Territorial history and administration

The village emerged in the late 18th century in the Electoral Palatinate area and was administered by the Lindenfels Oberamt . There it was in the "Thal-Zent" area while the Oberamt belonged to the Palatinate Counties near the Rhine of the Electorate of Palatinate Bavaria .

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and ceased to exist with the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806. Through this reorganization and dissolution of the Palatinate, the chief official Lindenfels and with him silk to book came Hesse-Darmstadt , the 1806 which also under pressure from Napoleon formed Hesse Grand Duchy came up. As the chief official Lindenfels 1803 came to Hesse, this was initially as Hessian Amtsvogtei continued and from 1812 Seidenbuch was initially the Office Bensheim , but the very same year Office Fuerth assigned. After Napoleon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, and in 1816 provinces were established in the Grand Duchy. The area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” .

Through the Congress of Vienna, the Grand Duchy of Hesse was assigned additional areas in accordance with Article 47, including Worms , Alzey , Bingen and Mainz , an area known as Rheinhessen . In 1815 the Grand Duchy joined the German Confederation . In the Frankfurt tract of June 30, 1816, Grand Duke Ludwig ceded the Duchy of Westphalia, which had already been occupied on September 6, 1802, to the King of Prussia as a result of the German War .

In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and districts were introduced, with Seidenbuch becoming part of the Lindenfels district . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also arranged the administrative administration at the municipal level. In addition to Glattbach , the mayor's office in Schlierbach was also responsible for Kolmbach , Seidenbach , Seidenbuch and Winkel . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Seidenbuch now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and basic pensions were replaced by a tax system that still largely exists today.

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into circles and Seidenbuch became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Seidenbuch: Reformatory and Catholic branch village with 161 inhabitants. The district consists of 647 acres , 16 acres of arable land, 16 acres of meadows and 607 acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the Seidenbuch branch village with the mayor's office in Kolmbach , 29 houses, 164 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Protestant Reformed parish Schlierbach of the Lindenfels dean's office and the Lindenfels Catholic parish of the dean's office in Heppenheim.

After the Grand Duchy of Hesse became part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were carried out in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure and the administration of the counties and provinces were regulated by county and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels district and the incorporation of Seidenbuch into the Bensheim district .

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 162  ha , of which 141 ha were forest. In 2012 there were 118.9 hectares of forest.

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Seidenbuch was incorporated into the city of Lindenfels on August 1, 1972 by virtue of state law. For Seidenbuch, as for all places incorporated into Lindenfels, a local district with a local advisory board and mayor was set up in accordance with the Hessian municipal code.

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Seidenbuch was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

dishes

The jurisdiction of the Oberamt Lindenfels was transferred to the new justice office in Fürth in 1813. With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Fürth regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 .

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth Local Court and assigned to the district of the Regional Court Darmstadt .

Historical descriptions

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Seidenbuch in 1829:

»Seidenbuch (L. Bez. Lindenfels) reform. And cath. Filialdorf is 2 ⁄ 4  St. from Lidenfels, has 23 houses and 162 inhabitants, of which 19 Lutheran, 65 Reform. and 78 are Cath. Of these inhabitants, 10 are business people, including a tobacco manufacturer, and 3 are day laborers. The place came from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. In the local area the place is usually called a glassworks because there used to be a glassworks here, which, like the manufactory based on the same, but which also no longer exists, gave the place its origin. "

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

»Seidenbuch or Glashütte near Schlierbach. - Village, to reform. Parish Schlierbach, resp. catholic parish Lindenfels belongingiq. - 23 H., 162 (mostly Protestant) pop. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Prov. Starkenburg. - Heppenheim district. - Landger. Fuerth. - Hofger. Darmstadt. - The village of Seidenbuch passed from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. "

Population development

At the time the town was founded, around 100 people lived around the glassworks. Around 1900 there were 220 inhabitants. With the construction of the new building area in the "forest fields" south of Seidenbuch after 1960, the number increased significantly. At the census dates on June 6, 1961 a total of 234 and on May 27, 1970 a total of 333 inhabitants were counted. On June 30, 2012, Seidenbuch had 359 inhabitants.

• 1806: 153 inhabitants, 17 houses
• 1829: 162 inhabitants, 23 houses
• 1867: 164 inhabitants, 29 houses
Seidenbuch: Population from 1806 to 2012
year     Residents
1806
  
 153
1829
  
 162
1834
  
 159
1840
  
 168
1846
  
 158
1852
  
 161
1858
  
 171
1864
  
 163
1871
  
 159
1875
  
 163
1885
  
 195
1895
  
 184
1905
  
 203
1910
  
 229
1925
  
 191
1939
  
 166
1946
  
 224
1950
  
 225
1956
  
 192
1961
  
 234
1967
  
 347
1970
  
 333
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 438
2006
  
 415
2011
  
 354
2012
  
 359
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2000 ; 2006 ; 2012 : City of Lindenfels from web archive. 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 19 Lutheran (= 11.43%), 65 Reformed (= 40.12%) and 78 Catholic (= 48.45%) residents
• 1961: 64 Protestant (= 70.09%), 59 Catholic (= 25.21%)

politics

Local advisory board

For Seidenbuch there is a local district (areas of the former municipality of Seidenbuch) with a local advisory board and local director according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of seven members. After the local elections in 2016, it was made up of three representatives from the LWG / CDU and four from the SPD . The mayor is Joachim Terporten (SPD).

badges and flags

Banner Seidenbuch.svg

coat of arms

DEU Seidenbuch COA.svg

Blazon : "In red a silver slanted right bar covered by three green beech leaves, accompanied by a silver glassblower mark in the upper coat of arms."

The coat of arms of the municipality of Seidenbuch in the Bergstrasse district was approved by the Hessian Interior Minister on December 3, 1968 . It was designed by the Bad Nauheim heraldist Heinz Ritt .

flag

The flag was approved by the municipality along with the coat of arms and is described as follows:

"The municipal coat of arms is placed at the intersection of the green and white flag in the upper third."

literature

  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, volume October 1 , 1829
  • Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858 ( online at google books ).
  • Philipp Alexander Ferdinand Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse by history, country, people, state and locality. Jonghans, Darmstadt 1854. ( Online at google books )
  • Literature on silk book in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Figures, data, facts. In: website. City of Lindenfels, accessed October 2019 .
  2. ^ A b Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 654 .
  3. ↑ A look back at an eventful history. Bergsträßer Anzeiger dated June 11, 2007, Hälker M., archived from the original on June 16, 2007 ; Retrieved December 16, 2011 .
  4. ↑ a b Seidenbuch in the Odenwald. Bergstrasse Echo from June 9, 2007, accessed December 16, 2011 .
  5. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 71 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  6. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  7. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  8. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  9. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  10. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 350 ( online at google books ).
  11. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 82 ( online at google books ).
  12. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  13. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  14. ↑ a b c d e Seidenbuch, Bergstrasse district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of May 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 27, 2018 .
  15. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 212 .
  16. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Bergstrasse district GVBl. I 1972, 222 (330-15) § 2. In: Bürgerservice Hessenrecht.
  17. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 37 kB) § 5. In: Website. City of Lindenfels, accessed September 2019 .
  18. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  19. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  20. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  21. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  22. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 218 ( online at google books ). )
  23. ↑ a b c Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 561 ( online at google books ).
  24. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 350 .
  25. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  26. ↑ Local councils after the local elections in 2016. (PDF; 75 kB) In: Website. City of Lindenfels, accessed May 2019 .
  27. ^ Approval of a coat of arms and a flag of the Seidenbuch community, Bergstrasse district (point 1500) from December 3, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1968 No. 52 , p. 1918 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).