Seidenbach

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Seidenbach
community Fuerth
Coordinates: 49 ° 40 ′ 21 ″  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 53 ″  E
Height : 354 m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.35 km²
Residents : 57 approx.
Population density : 42 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Incorporated into: Erlenbach
Postal code : 64658
Area code : 06253

In terms of population, Seidenbach is one of the smallest districts of the municipality of Fürth in the Odenwald in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse, along with Brombach .

Geographical location

Seidenbach is the highest district of Fürth in the Vorderen Odenwald at the foot of the southern ascent to the Krehberg (576 m) in a small valley basin in the headwaters of the stream that gave the village its name. The core municipality of Fürth is located southeast of Seidenbach behind a mountain bar, the Bannels (410 m), in the Weschnitz lowland . The district extends in the north to the transition to Schannenbach west of the Krehberg at a height of almost 540 meters and to the 453 meter high forest-free mountain terrace Auf dem Eck , where the transition to Seidenbuch east of the Krehberg is given.

The closest localities are Schannenbach and Seidenbuch in the north, Erlenbach in the east, Lauten-Weschnitz and Igelsbach in the south and Mittershausen-Scheuerberg in the west.

history

overview

The place arose in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim , which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive "Mark Heppenheim", to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . After long disputes could Palatinate and the Archdiocese of Mainz early 14th century about the legacy of the Lorsch Abbey few and the Palatine parts were the Amtsvogtei managed Lindenfels which also Seienbach belonged. Until 1737 Lindenfels was subordinate to the Heidelberg Oberamt , after which Lindenfels became an Oberamt .

The earliest surviving documentary mention of the place as Sydenbach dates back to 1357, when Count Palatine Ruprecht Elisabeth, widow of Blicker Landschads , gave various castle fiefs to Lindenfels and Seidenbach. According to an old interest book of the Heidelberg Oberamt from 1369, Sydenbach formed a court with Reylenbach and Lautern and belonged to Lindenfels . Accordingly, the area consisted of 32 hubs . While the last two places came from the Electoral Palatinate to the County of Erbach in an area swap in 1561 , Seidenbach stayed with the Palatinate and belonged to the Lindenfels Office until 1803. There the place belonged to the Thalzent whose main court was held first in Glattbach , later in Ellenbach and finally in Schlierbach . Together with Lindenfels, the court had a place of execution in the "Faustenbacher Hecken auf dem Bühel". Thalzent had to bear half the costs for their maintenance . In its seal, the Central Court had a shield with 3 fields. In the first field there was the Palatinate lion , in the second the Bavarian diamonds and in the third, lowest field, a boy on a hill with a ball floating over his head.

In 1613 six Huben with 6 houseboats , 5 serf men and 3 serfs women were counted.

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. In the Heidelberger Oberamtscompetenzbuch from 1610, Seidenbach is mentioned as a branch of Schlierbach. From 1656 to 1908, Seidenenbach is listed as a branch in the church records of the Reformed community of Schlierbach. At the end of the Thirty Years' War (1648), like many areas of the Electoral Palatinate, the place was almost deserted. After the devastating war, the Electoral Palatinate pursued a policy of resettlement in its area characterized by religious tolerance. But the wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many of the efforts and tens of thousands of Palatine emigrated and the like. a. to North America and Prussia.

From a religious point of view, too, the time after the Thirty Years' War was marked by great unrest. In 1685 the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line took over the government in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate. Even during the War of the Palatinate Succession, France tried to advance the Counter-Reformation in the conquered areas and founded a number of Catholic parishes. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk , which strengthened the position of the then reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm . This led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches, schools and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. Only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 came the so-called Palatinate church division in which the simultanum was reversed and the churches in the country, including rectories and schools, were divided between the Reformed and the Catholics in a ratio of five to two. There were special regulations for the three capitals Heidelberg , Mannheim and Frankenthal as well as the regional authorities Alzey , Kaiserslautern , Oppenheim , Bacharach and Weinheim . In cities with two churches, one should go to Protestants and the other to Catholics; in the others, where there was only one church, the choir was separated from the nave by a wall, and the one to the Catholics and the other to the Protestants. The Lutherans were only allowed those churches that they owned in 1624 or had built afterwards.

In 1784 Seidenbach is described as a place with 14 families and 81 souls in 11 houses. The district contained 148 acres of arable land, 34 acres of meadows, 5 acres of gardens and 4 acres of forest. The Great tithe was to two-thirds to the Kurmainzer Court Chamber on behalf of the monastery Lorsch and one third to the spiritual administration of the pin to the Holy Spirit in Heidelberg, dissipate.

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and ceased to exist with the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806. As a result of this reorganization and dissolution of the Electoral Palatinate, the Oberamt Lindenfels and with it Seidenenbach became part of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , which was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Hessen , which was also formed by Napoleon in 1806 .

In Hesse, Seidenbach belonged to the district of Lindenfels as well as to the districts of Lindenfels and Bensheim through several administrative reforms, before it came to today's Bergstrasse district in 1938.

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality voluntarily joined the municipality of Erlenbach on December 31, 1970 , before it again joined the municipality of Fürth a year later. For Erlenbach and Seidenbach, as for all municipalities incorporated into Fürth, a local district with a local advisory council and a local councilor was set up according to the Hessian municipal code.

Administration and courts

Under Palatine sovereignty, administration and jurisdiction over the place were exercised by the "Thal-Zent" of the "Amtsvogtei Lindenfels". This bailiwick was subordinate to the Oberamt Heidelberg until 1737, after which Lindenfels became an independent Oberamt of the "Palatinate Countess of the Rhine" (in the "Electorate of Palatinate Bavaria" from 1777).

After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 had assigned the "Oberamt Lindenfels" to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , it was initially continued there as the Hessian district bailiff . The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt was merged in 1806 in the Grand Duchy of Hesse , which came about under the pressure of Napoleon , where the area of ​​the "Lindenfels Office" was divided up in 1812 and Seidenbach was assigned to the Fürth office . The superordinate administrative authority was the "Administrative Region Darmstadt" which from 1803 was also referred to as the "Principality of Starkenburg". In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords . The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate . With this the Zente and the associated central courts had lost their function.

After Napoleon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, and in 1816 provinces were established in the Grand Duchy. The area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” . In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and district districts were introduced, with Seidenenbach joining the district of Lindenfels . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also regulated the administrative administration at the municipal level. The mayor's office in Schlierbach was also responsible for the places Glattbach , Kolmbach , Seidenbach, Seidenbuch and Winkel . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Seidenbach in 1829:

»Seidenbach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) reform. Filialdorf, located 1 St. from Lindenfels, has 10 houses and 78 inhabitants, the other 9 Luth. are catholic. In 1802 the place came from Churpfalz to Hesse. "

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Seidenbach now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

»Seidenbach b. Lindenfels. - Village, to reform. Parish Schlierbach, resp. Catholic parish Lindenfels belonging. - 10 H. 78 (mostly Catholic) E. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Prov. Starkenburg. - Heppenheim district. - Fürth district court. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. - The village of Seidenbach passed from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. "

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Ellenbach became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Seidenbach: Reformatory branch village with 73 inhabitants. The district consists of 540 acres , including 277 acres of arable land, 83 acres of meadows and 170 acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the Seidenbach branch, the Schlierbach mayor, 10 houses, 70 residents, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Protestant Reformed parish Schlierbach with the deanery in Lindenfels and the Catholic parish Lindenfels of the Deanery Heppenheim.

After the Grand Duchy of Hesse had been part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the incorporation of Seidenbach into the Bensheim district .

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 135  hectares , 37 hectares of which were forest.

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse, the municipality of Seidenbach voluntarily joined the municipality of Erlenbach on December 31, 1970, before it joined the municipality of Fürth a year later. For Ellenbach and Seidenbach, as for all municipalities incorporated into Fürth, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was set up in accordance with the Hessian municipal code.

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which seidenenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts in Hessen

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg. The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords. The Lindenfels Office was responsible for Seidenbach. From 1813 the newly formed Justice Office in Fürth was the first instance. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate.

With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Fürth regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 . On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth Local Court and assigned to the district of the Regional Court Darmstadt .

Population development

  • 1613: 6 people in the house , serfs : 5 men, 3 women.
  • 1784: 81 souls, 14 families in 11 houses
  • 1806: 61 inhabitants, 10 houses
  • 1829: 78 inhabitants, 10 houses
  • 1867: 79 inhabitants, 10 houses
Seidenenbach: Population from 1784 to 2011
year     Residents
1784
  
 81
1806
  
 61
1829
  
 78
1834
  
 86
1840
  
 96
1846
  
 83
1852
  
 73
1858
  
 69
1864
  
 78
1871
  
 67
1875
  
 63
1885
  
 69
1895
  
 86
1905
  
 70
1910
  
 72
1925
  
 63
1939
  
 53
1946
  
 80
1950
  
 81
1956
  
 61
1961
  
 53
1967
  
 45
1970
  
 51
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 60
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

  • 1829: 9 Lutheran (= 11.54%) and 69 Catholic (= 88.46%) inhabitants
  • 1961: 44 Protestant (= 83.02%), 6 Catholic (= 11.32%) residents

politics

For Seidenbach there is a local district (areas of the former municipality of Seidenbach) with a local advisory board and local councilor according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of five members. Since the local elections in 2016, it has had five CDU members . The mayor is Christoph Uhlir (CDU).

societies

  • Seidenbach volunteer fire department

traffic

Seidenbach has a connection to the regional traffic through the district road K 53, which leads to the valley via Erlenbach and Linnenbach and joins the federal road 460 known as Siegfriedstrasse and the connected federal road 38 between the core community and Lörzenbach . Forest roads lead around the Krehberg to Schannenbach and Seidenbuch.

literature

  • Johann Goswin Widder: Attempt of a complete geographic-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine. Volume 1 , Leipzig 1786–1788. ( Online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, volume October 1 , 1829
  • Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858 ( online at google books ).
  • Otto Wagner: Heimatbuch Fürth i. Odw: with the districts of Fürth, Brombach, Ellenbach, Erlenbach, Fahrenbach, Krökkelbach, Krumbach, Linnenbach, Lörzenbach, Seidenbach, Steinbach, Weschnitz , Fürth i. Odw. 1994, ISBN 3-7657-1110-1

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Seidenbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of May 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on May 27, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Seidenbach. In: website. Fürth community, accessed in January 2019 .
  3. ^ Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 654 .
  4. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 75 ( online at google books ).
  5. ↑ a b c Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Elector. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 501 , 8) Seidenbach ( online at googe books ).
  6. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 338 ( online at google books ).
  7. ^ Seidenbach in the parish of Schlierbach. In: Ortsfamilienbuch. Accessed January 2020 .
  8. ↑ Incorporation of the Seidenbach community into the Erlenbach community, Begstrasse district on January 7, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 4 , p. 143 , point 188 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 348 and 349 .
  10. ↑ a b c main statute. (PDF; 349 kB) §; 5. In: Website. Fürth community, accessed January 2020 .
  11. ^ Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 248 ( online at google books ).
  12. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a hundred years: Abth. Germany fifty years ago . tape 3 . Voigt & Günther, Leipzig 1862, OCLC 311428620 , p. 358 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  13. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  14. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 217 ( online at google books ).
  15. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 561 ( online at google books ).
  16. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  17. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  18. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  19. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 350 ( online at google books ).
  20. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 82 ( online at google books ).
  21. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  22. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  23. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  24. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  25. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  26. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  27. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  28. ↑ Seidenbach local advisory board. In: Votemanager. Accessed January 2020 .