Linnenbach

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Linnenbach
community Fuerth
Coordinates: 49 ° 39 ′ 22 ″  N , 8 ° 45 ′ 18 ″  E
Height : 209 m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.8 km²
Residents : 321
Population density : 178 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1971
Postal code : 64658
Area code : 06253
Agriculture in Linnenbach

Linnenbach is a district of the municipality of Fürth in the Odenwald in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Linnenbach is located on the stream of the same name, in the Weschnitz lowlands in the Vorderen Odenwald and northwest of the nearby core community of Fürth. The district extends to the northwest to the community forest, which covers a 341 meter high mountain nose above the Seidenbach and west of Erlenbach .

The closest localities are the core municipality of Fürth in the south-east, Lörzenbach in the south, Lauten-Weschnitz in the south-west, Erlenbach in the north-west and Ellenbach in the north-east.

history

overview

Linnenbach arose in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim , which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . After long disputes could Palatinate and the Archdiocese of Mainz early 14th century about the legacy of the Lorsch Abbey few and the Palatine parts were the Amtsvogtei managed Lindenfels which also Linnebach belonged. Until 1737 Lindenfels was subordinate to the Heidelberg Oberamt , after which Lindenfels became an Oberamt .

The earliest surviving documentary mention of the place as Lindenbachbach dates back to 1357, when Count Palatine Ruprecht Elisabeth, widow of Blicker Landschad , gave various castle fiefs to Lindenfels and Linnenbach. Within the Office Lindenfels the place to hear Thal centering the centering court only in Glattbach , later in Ellenbach and most recently in Schlierbach was held. Together with Lindenfels, the court had a place of execution in the "Faustenbacher Hecken auf dem Bühel". Thalzent had to bear half the costs for their maintenance . In its seal, the Central Court had a shield with 3 fields. In the first field there was the Palatinate lion , in the second the Bavarian diamonds and in the third, lowest field, a boy on a hill with a ball floating over his head.

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. Linnenbach is mentioned as a branch of Fürth in the Heidelberg Oberamtscompetenzbuch from 1610. In the church records of the Reformed community Schlierbach, Lillenbach is listed as a branch from 1656 to 1908, while the Lutheran residents were parish in Rimbach . At the end of the Thirty Years' War (1648), like many areas of the Electoral Palatinate, the place was almost deserted. After the devastating war, the Electoral Palatinate pursued a policy of resettlement in its area characterized by religious tolerance. But the wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many of the efforts and tens of thousands of Palatine emigrated and the like. a. to North America and Prussia.

From a religious point of view, too, the time after the Thirty Years' War was marked by great unrest. In 1685 the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line took over the government in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate. Even during the War of the Palatinate Succession, France tried to advance the Counter-Reformation in the conquered areas and founded a number of Catholic parishes. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk , which strengthened the position of the then reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm . This led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches, schools and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. Only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 came the so-called Palatinate church division in which the simultanum was reversed and the churches in the country, including rectories and schools, were divided between the Reformed and the Catholics in a ratio of five to two. There were special regulations for the three capitals Heidelberg , Mannheim and Frankenthal as well as the regional authorities Alzey , Kaiserslautern , Oppenheim , Bacharach and Weinheim . In cities with two churches, one should go to Protestants and the other to Catholics; in the others, where there was only one church, the choir was separated from the nave by a wall, and the one to the Catholics and the other to the Protestants. The Lutherans were only allowed those churches that they owned in 1624 or had built afterwards.

In 1784 Linnenbach is described as a place with 15 families with 72 souls. The district contained 185 acres of fields, 43 meters of meadows, 7 meters of gardens and 6 meters of forest. The Great tithe was to two-thirds to the Kurmainzer Court Chamber on behalf of the Lorsch and one third to the spiritual administration of the pin to the Holy Spirit in Heidelberg, dissipate.

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and ceased to exist with the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806. Through this reorganization and dissolution of the Electoral Palatinate, the Oberamt Lindenfels and with it Linnenbach became part of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , which in 1806 became part of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , which was also formed under pressure from Napoleon .

In Hesse, Linnenbach belonged to the district of Lindenfels as well as the districts of Lindenfels and Heppenheim through a series of administrative reforms, until it came to today's Bergstrasse district in 1938.

In the run-up to the regional reform in Hesse , the community joined the community of Fürth on July 1, 1971.

Administration and jurisdiction

Under Palatine sovereignty, administration and jurisdiction over the place were exercised by the "Thal-Zent" of the "Amtsvogtei Lindenfels". This district bailiwick was subordinate to the Upper Office of Heidelberg until 1737, after which Lindenfels became an independent Upper Office of the "Palatinate County of the Rhine" in the "Electorate of Palatinate Bavaria" .

After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 had assigned the "Oberamt Lindenfels" to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , it was initially continued there as the Hessian district bailiff . The Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt was merged in 1806 in the Grand Duchy of Hesse , which came into being under the pressure of Napoléon , where the administrative area of ​​the "Lindenfels Office" was divided up in 1812 and Linnenbach was assigned to the Fürth office . The superordinate administrative authority was the "Administrative Region Darmstadt" which from 1803 was also referred to as the "Principality of Starkenburg".

After Napoleon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, and in 1816 provinces were established in the Grand Duchy. The area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” . In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and districts were introduced, with Linnenbach joining the Lindenfels district . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also regulated the administrative administration at the municipal level. In addition to Ellenbach , the mayor's office in Ellenbach was also responsible for the towns of Erlenbach , Eulsbach , Lautenweschnitz and Linnenbach. According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Linnenbach now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Ellenbach became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Linnenbach: Catholic and Reformation branch village with 127 inhabitants. The district consists of 718 acres , of which 475 acres are arable land, 116 acres of meadows and 111 acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the Linnenbach branch village has its own mayor's office, 14 houses, 127 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Protestant Reformed parish of Schlierbach or the Lutheran parish of Rimbach and the Catholic parish Parish Lindenfels of the deanery Heppenheim, indicated.

After the Grand Duchy of Hesse was part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the reintegration of Linnenbach into the Heppenheim district .

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 180  hectares , of which 17 hectares were forest.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the community voluntarily joined the community of Fürth on July 1, 1971. For Linnenbach, as for all municipalities incorporated into Fürth, a local district with a local advisory council and local councilor was set up according to the Hessian municipal code.

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg. The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords. The Lindenfels Office was responsible for driving brook . From 1813 the newly formed Justice Office in Fürth was the first instance. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate.

With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Fürth regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 . On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth Local Court and assigned to the district of the Regional Court Darmstadt .

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Linnenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Historical descriptions

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Linnenbach in 1829:

"Linnenbach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) reform. And cath. Filialdorf is 1 St. from Lindenfels and has 13 houses and 108 inhabitants, including 12 Luth., 85 Reform. and 11 Cath. In 1391 Ulrich Landschaden was enfeoffed with the place by Count Palatine Ruprecht II, but returned the fiefdoms in the following year and received it as pledge. However, this pledge was redeemed and in 1802 Linnenbach came from Churpfalz to Hesse. "

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

"Linnenbach b. Lindenfels. - village, for evangel. Parish of Rimbach belonging. - 13 H. 108 E. - Grand Duchy of Hesse. - Starkenburg Province. - Heppenheim district. - Landger. Fuerth. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. - The village of Linnenbach passed from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. "

Population development

• 1613: 9 people in the house , serfs : 4 men, 4 women
• 1784 15 families with 72 souls
• 1806: 85 inhabitants, 10 houses
• 1829: 108 inhabitants, 13 houses
• 1867: 127 inhabitants, 14 houses
Linnenbach: Population from 1784 to 2011
year     Residents
1784
  
 72
1806
  
 85
1829
  
 108
1834
  
 109
1840
  
 119
1846
  
 135
1852
  
 127
1858
  
 124
1864
  
 122
1871
  
 123
1875
  
 119
1885
  
 127
1895
  
 139
1905
  
 128
1910
  
 137
1925
  
 138
1939
  
 116
1946
  
 193
1950
  
 193
1956
  
 166
1961
  
 171
1967
  
 173
1970
  
 169
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 303
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 12 Lutheran (= 11.11%), 85 Reformed (= 78.70%) and 11 Catholic (= 10.19%) residents
• 1961 117 Protestant (= 68.42%), 54 Catholic (= 31.58%) residents

politics

There is a local district for Linnenbach (areas of the former municipality of Linnenbach and some parcels of land from the districts of Fürth and Lörzenbach) with a local advisory board and local director according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of five members. Since the local elections in 2016, it has had two members of the CDU and three members of the Free Voters (FWG). Mayor is Adalbert Keil (FWG).

traffic

For about local traffic Linnebach is determined by the county road opened K 53 between the core community and Lörzenbach from as Siegfriedstraße known national highway 460 and with their united state road 38 branches and to Erlenbach and Seidenbach continues where it ends.

literature

  • Johann Goswin Widder: Attempt of a complete geographic-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine. Volume 1 , Leipzig 1786–1788. ( Online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, volume October 1 , 1829
  • Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse. Darmstadt, 1858 ( online at google books )
  • Otto Wagner: Heimatbuch Fürth i. Odw: with the districts of Fürth, Brombach, Ellenbach, Erlenbach, Fahrenbach, Krökkelbach, Krumbach, Linnenbach, Lörzenbach, Seidenbach, Steinbach, Weschnitz , Fürth i. Odw. 1994, ISBN 3-7657-1110-1
  • Literature on Linnenbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Linnenbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Linnenbach. In: website. Fürth community, accessed in January 2019 .
  3. ^ Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 440 .
  4. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 75 ( online at google books ).
  5. ↑ Linnebach in churchyards game Schlierbach. In: Ortsfamilienbuch. Accessed January 2020 .
  6. ^ A b Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 500 , 6) Linnenbach ( online at googe books ).
  7. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a hundred years: Abth. Germany fifty years ago . tape 3 . Voigt & Günther, Leipzig 1862, OCLC 311428620 , p. 358 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  8. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  9. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  10. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  11. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  12. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 345 ( online at google books ).
  13. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 157 ( online at google books ).
  14. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  15. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. (No longer available online.) 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  16. ^ Municipal reform in Hesse: mergers and integrations of municipalities from June 21, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 28 , p. 1117 , item 988; Paragraph 22. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 5.0 MB ]).
  17. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 348 .
  18. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 349 kB) §; 5. In: Website. Fürth community, accessed January 2020 .
  19. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  20. ↑ Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse . Publishing house of the Historisches Verein Hessen, Darmstadt 1976, OCLC 4461987 .
  21. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  22. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  23. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  24. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 58 ( online at google books ).
  25. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . tape  2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 45 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  26. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  27. ^ Linnenbach local advisory board. In: Votemanager. Accessed January 2020 .