Fahrbach (Fürth in the Odenwald)

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Fahrbach
community Fuerth
Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 19 ″  N , 8 ° 46 ′ 8 ″  E
Height : 183 m above sea level NHN
Area : 3.64 km²
Residents : 715
Population density : 196 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1970
Postal code : 64658
Area code : 06253

Fahrbach is a district of the municipality of Fürth in the Odenwald in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse . As an independent municipality, it was also known as Fahrenbach (Odenwald) , in contrast to Fahrenbach (Baden), which is also located in the Odenwald .

Geographical location

Fahrbach is located at the confluence of the stream of the same name in the Weschnitz in the Vorderen Odenwald and south of the nearby core community of Fürth. Except for a small strip on the west bank, the district lies east of the Weschnitz and stretches up to the 526 meter high Fahrenbacher Kopf , which is located in the ridge of the Tromm- Odenwald south of the 536 meter high Wagenberg .

The closest localities are the core community of Fürth in the north, Linnenbach in the north-west, Lörzenbach , with which Fahrenbach has almost grown together, on the other bank of the Weschnitz in the west, Rimbach- Mitte in the south, further away behind the Fahrenbacher Kopf in the east, Hammelbach and, again, closer in Located northeast, Steinbach .

history

From the beginning to the 18th century

Fahrbach originated in the area of ​​the former "Mark Heppenheim", which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive "Mark Heppenheim", to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . From here the reclamation and settlement of the area was carried out. The heyday of Lorsch Monastery, in the area of ​​which Fahrenbach was located, was followed by its decline in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1232 Lorsch was subordinated to the Archdiocese of Mainz . In 1461, Kurmainz pledged these properties to the Electoral Palatinate . This changed to the Protestant faith in 1556 and closed the monastery in 1564.

The village is first mentioned around 1100 as Bahrenbach in the Lorsch Codex , a list of goods belonging to the monastery. During this time, six Huben belonged to the courtyard of the Lorsch Monastery in Fürth ( villicatio Fürth ). Fahrbach was also mentioned in 1568, when the Schenk von Erbach handed over the Höfflin estate to the Count Palatine .

In 1232, Emperor Friedrich II subordinated the imperial abbey of Lorsch to the Archdiocese of Mainz and its bishop Siegfried III. von Eppstein on reform. The Benedictines opposed the ordered reform and therefore had to leave the abbey. They were replaced by Cistercians from the Eberbach monastery and in 1248 by Premonstratensians from the Allerheiligen monastery . From this point on, the monastery was continued as a provost's office.

In 1267, a burgrave is mentioned for the first time on the Starkenburg (via Heppenheim), who also administered the “Office Starkenburg” , to which Fahrenbach was one. The Zent Fürth developed as a court and subordinate administrative unit, the oldest surviving description of which dates from 1613. The "Zent Fürth" was one of the few Zenten that were also allowed to exercise the high jurisdiction (including blood jurisdiction ). Fahrbach was a branch of the parish in Fürth and belonged to the Bensheimer (also Bergstrasse) regional chapter .

In the course of the Mainz collegiate feud , which was fateful for Kurmainz , the Starkenburg office was pledged redeemable to Kurpfalz and then remained in the Palatinate for 160 years. Count Palatine Friedrich had the “Amt Starkenburg” pledged for his support from Archbishop Dieter - in the “Weinheimer Bund” concluded by the Electors on November 19, 1461 - whereby Kurmainz received the right to redeem the pledge for 100,000 pounds.

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. As a result of the Reformation, the Electoral Palatinate abolished Lorsch Abbey in 1564. The existing rights such as tithe , basic interest, validity and gradient of the Lorsch monastery were from then on perceived and administered by the "Oberschaffnerei Lorsch".

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), Spanish troops of the “Catholic League” conquered the region and in 1623 restored the rule of Kurmainz. As a result, the Reformation introduced by the Count Palatine was largely reversed and the population had to return to the Catholic faith. Although the Spanish troops withdrew from the approaching Swedes after 10 years, after the catastrophic defeat of the Evangelicals in the Nördlingen in 1634, the Swedes also left the Bergstrasse and with the Swedish-French War began the bloodiest chapter of the Thirty Years' War from 1635. The chroniclers of that time report from the region: "Plague and hunger rage in the country and decimate the population, so that the villages are often completely empty". With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, the redemption of the pledge was finally established. The place became a branch of the Catholic parish of Fürth of the Bensheimer Landkapitels .

When there was a restructuring in the area of ​​the Kurmainzer Amt Starkenburg in 1782 , the area of ​​the office was divided into the four subordinate district bailiffs Heppenheim, Bensheim, Lorsch and Fürth and the office was renamed Oberamt. The Zente Absteinach , Mörlenbach and Fürth, was in Fahrenbach, who were Amtsvogtei Fürth subordinated and had to give up their powers largely. Although the central order with the central school remained formally in place, it could only carry out the orders of the higher authorities ( Oberamt Starkenburg , Unteramt Fürth). The “Oberamt Starkenburg” administratively belonged to the “Lower Archbishopric” of the Electorate of Mainz .

From the 19th century until today

Fahrbach becomes Hessian

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the “ Left Bank of the Rhine ” and thus the left bank of the Rhine from Kurmainz was annexed by France as early as 1797 . In its last session in February 1803, the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg passed the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , which implemented the provisions of the Peace of Luneville and reorganized the territorial relations in the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) . The Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt was awarded parts of the dissolved principalities of Kurmainz , Electoral Palatinate and Worms as compensation for lost areas on the right bank of the Rhine . The Oberamt Starkenburg and with it Fahrenbach also came to Hessen-Darmstadt. There the "Amtsvogtei Fürth" was initially continued as a Hessian office while the Oberamt Starkenburg was dissolved in 1805.

The superordinate administrative authority was the "Administrative Region Darmstadt" which from 1803 was also referred to as the "Principality of Starkenburg". In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords . The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate . With this, the "Zent Fürth" and the Zentgericht, which was associated with it, had finally lost its function.

Under pressure from Napoléon , the Confederation of the Rhine was founded in 1806 , this happened with the simultaneous withdrawal of the member territories from the Reich. This led to the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806, with which the old empire ceased to exist. On August 14, 1806, Napoleon elevated the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt to the Grand Duchy , against joining the Confederation of the Rhine and placing high military contingents in France , otherwise he threatened an invasion.

The historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch, or church history of the Upper Rhinegau, describes in 1812 about Fahrenbach as the place of the " Zent Fürth ":

»Fahrenbach (Varenbach) a village of 15 hubs (previously only 6) with 13 houses and 119 Selenium located on the Weschnitz. The counts of Erbach and the barons of Dalberg receive the toes there; the Erbachische share is given to the pastor of Rimbach as salary. "

After Napoleon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, and in 1816 provinces were established in the Grand Duchy. The area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” . In 1814 serfdom was abolished in the Grand Duchy and with the constitution of the Grand Duchy of Hesse introduced on December 17, 1820, it was given a constitutional monarchy , in which the Grand Duke still had great powers. The remaining civil rights magnificent as Low jurisdiction , tithes, ground rents and other slope but remained composed until 1848.

In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and district districts were introduced, with Fahrenbach joining the district of Lindenfels . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also regulated the administrative administration at the municipal level. The mayor's office in Fürth was also responsible for Fahrenbach, Altlechtern , Lörzenbach and Steinbach . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Fahrenbach in 1829:

»Fahrenbach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) cath. Branch village; is located on the Weschnitz, 2 St. von Lindenfels, has 22 houses and 179 inhabitants, except for 3 Luth. and 2 reform. are catholic. Among these are 14 farmers, 7 artisans and 3 day laborers. The place came from Mainz to Hesse in 1802. "

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Fahrenbach now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

The following entry can be found in the latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845:

“Fahrenbach near Erbach. - village, for evangel. Parish of Rimbach and the Catholic parish of Fürth. - 65 H. 559 E. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Starkenburg Province. - Heppenheim district. - Fürth district court. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. - The village of Fahrenbach, belonging to the Count of Erbach-Fürstenau, has 2 grinding and 3 Wackmühlen and came under Hessian sovereignty in 1802. «

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Fahrenbach became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Fahrenbach: A branch village with 194 inhabitants. The district consisted of 1456 acres , of which 705 acres were arable land, 188 acres were meadows and 535 acres were forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the branch village of Fahrenbach with the mayor's office in Lörzenbach, 29 houses, 207 residents, the district of Lindenfels, the district court of Fürth, the Lutheran parish of Rimbach and the Reformation parish of Lindenfels of the Lindenfels dean's office are recorded and the Catholic parish of Fürth of the dean's office in Heppenheim.

In 1870, the Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck provoked the Franco-German War with the so-called Emser Depesche in which the Grand Duchy of Hesse took part as a member of the North German Confederation on the side of Prussia . Even before its official end on May 10, 1871, the southern German states joined the North German Confederation and on January 1, 1871 its new constitution came into force, with which it was now called the German Empire . On the German side, this war claimed around 41,000 deaths. With the Reich Coin Act , Germany only had one currency, the mark with 100 pfennigs as a sub-unit. After the Grand Duchy of Hesse had been part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the reintegration of Fahrenbach into the Heppenheim district .

In 1872, Fahrenbach got its own school and in 1895 the Weschnitz Valley Railway went into operation after two years of construction. The sandstone bridge over the Weschnitz that was built in the course of this construction project has been preserved until. It is used by the Fahrenbach volunteer fire brigade, founded in 1963, as a motif in their club coat of arms.

Time of world wars

On August 1, 1914, the First World War broke out and put an end to the positive economic development throughout the German Empire . When the armistice was signed after the German defeat on November 11, 1918, Fahrenbach also had many casualties, while the war cost a total of around 17 million human lives. The end of the German Empire was thus sealed, and the troubled times of the Weimar Republic followed. In the period from 1921 to 1930, there were 566,500 emigrants in Germany who tried to escape the difficult conditions in Germany.

On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler became Chancellor, which marked the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of the National Socialist dictatorship.

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

On September 1, 1939, when German troops marched into Poland, the Second World War began , the effects of which were even more dramatic than the First World War and the number of victims estimated at 60 to 70 million people. In the final phase of the Second World War in Europe, the American units reached the Rhine between Mainz and Mannheim in mid-March 1945. On March 22nd, the 3rd US Army crossed the Rhine near Oppenheim and occupied Darmstadt on March 25th. In the first hours of March 26, 1945, American units crossed the Rhine near Hamm and south of Worms, from where they advanced on a broad front towards the Bergstrasse. On March 27, the American troops were in Lorsch, Bensheim and Heppenheim and a day later Aschaffenburg am Main and the western and northern parts of the Odenwald were occupied. The war in Europe ended with the unconditional surrender of all German troops, which came into effect on May 8, 1945 at 11:01 p.m. Central European Time.

In total, the two world wars claimed 40 dead or missing in Fahrenbach.

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

Post-war and present

As the population figures from 1939 to 1950 show, Fahrenbach also had to cope with many refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern regions.

In 1961 the district size was given as 364  hectares , of which 129 hectares were forest.

From 1964, the Fahrenbach School was only operated as a primary school, the students in the higher grades had to attend the central school in Fürth. In 1971 the school in Fahrenbach was completely closed.

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Fahrenbach voluntarily joined the municipality of Fürth on July 1, 1970 at the same time as Lörzenbach and Steinbach. For Fahrenbach, as for all municipalities incorporated into Fürth, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was set up in accordance with the Hessian municipal code.

The following statistical data were recorded for the year 2000: 712 inhabitants in 249 households and 200 houses. The municipal area covers an area of ​​364  ha , of which 133 ha are forest. Of the 712 inhabitants, 52% are Catholic and 32% Protestant. 95% of the residents have German citizenship.

Courts in Hessen

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg. The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords. The Fürth office was responsible for driving bach. From 1813 the newly formed Justice Office in Fürth was the first instance. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate.

With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Fürth regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 . On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth Local Court and assigned to the district of the Regional Court Darmstadt .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Fahrenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1806: 110 inhabitants, 16 houses
• 1812: 119 inhabitants, 13 houses
• 1829: 179 inhabitants, 22 houses
• 1867: 207 inhabitants, 29 houses
• 2000: 412 inhabitants, 200 houses
Fahrbach: Population from 1806 to 2011
year     Residents
1806
  
 110
1812
  
 119
1829
  
 179
1834
  
 205
1840
  
 197
1846
  
 201
1852
  
 194
1858
  
 195
1864
  
 213
1871
  
 206
1875
  
 228
1885
  
 257
1895
  
 247
1905
  
 265
1910
  
 300
1925
  
 310
1939
  
 305
1946
  
 427
1950
  
 447
1956
  
 418
1961
  
 402
1967
  
 417
1970
  
 420
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 712
2011
  
 699
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 3 Lutheran (= 1.68%), 2 Reformed (= 1.12%) and 174 Catholic (= 97.21%) residents
• 1961: 88 Protestant (= 21.89%), 312 Catholic (= 77.61%) residents
• 2000: 227 Protestant (= 32%), 370 Catholic (= 52%) residents

politics

There is a local district for Fahrenbach (areas of the former municipality of Fahrenbach) with a local advisory board and local director according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of seven members. Since the local elections in 2016, it has had one member of the SPD , three members of the CDU and three members of the Free Voters (FWG). Mayor is Stefan Arnold (CDU).

Culture

At the Hessentag 2018 in Korbach , Fahrenbach won the competition organized by the hr-fernsehen for the award as Dolles Village of the Year 2018 , in which Hessian villages with less than 2000 inhabitants took part.

traffic

The district road K 24 leads through Fahrenbach from the core municipality to Rimbach-Mitte, parallel to the federal road 38 on the east side of the Weschnitz, which runs through Lörzenbach . On the road from Fahrenbach to Lörzenbach, just east of the district boundary that has Weschnitz Valley Railway the breakpoint Lörzenbach-Fahrenbach . There was still a railway agency there until 1931 , after which the stop was unoccupied.

literature

  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, Volume 1 October 1829
  • Philipp Alexander Ferdinand Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse by history, country, people, state and locality. Jonghans, Darmstadt 1854. ( online at google books )
  • Otto Wagner: Heimatbuch Fürth i. Odw: with the districts of Fürth, Brombach, Ellenbach, Erlenbach, Fahrenbach, Kröckelbach, Krumbach, Linnenbach, Lörzenbach, Seidenbach, Steinbach, Weschnitz. Fürth i. Odw. 1994, ISBN 3-7657-1110-1
  • Literature on Fahrenbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Fahrenbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of April 17, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Fahrenbach. In: website. Fürth community, accessed in January 2019 .
  3. ^ Deutsche Bundespost: The Postcode Book. 1993 (page 78)
  4. ^ A b Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 189 .
  5. ^ Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 45 ( online at google books ).
  6. ^ Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 178 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  7. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a hundred years: Abth. Germany fifty years ago . tape 3 . Voigt & Günther, Leipzig 1862, OCLC 311428620 , p. 358 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  8. ↑ a b Johann Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch or church history of the Upper Rhinegau . Darmstadt 1812, OCLC 162251605 , p. 242 ( online at google books ).
  9. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  10. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 72 ( online at google books ).
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 1 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810696 , p. 376 ( online at google books ).
  12. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  13. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  14. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 341 ( online at google books ).
  15. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 26 ( online at google books ).
  16. ^ Lists of casualties of the German army in the campaign 1870/71. In: Online project fallen memorials. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015 ; accessed on May 10, 2018 .
  17. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  18. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  19. ↑ a b c d e The village of Fahrenbach. In: www.fahrenbach-odw.de. Private website , accessed May 12, 2018 .
  20. ↑ Incorporation of the communities of Fahrenbach, Lörzenbach and Steinbach into the community of Fürth, Bergstrasse district on June 11, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 26 , p. 1300 , point 1224 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 7.6 MB ]).
  21. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 349 kB) §; 5. In: Website. Fürth community, accessed January 2020 .
  22. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  23. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  24. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  25. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  26. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  27. ^ Local Advisory Board Fahrenbach. In: Votemanager. Accessed January 2020 .
  28. ^ Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion Mainz of March 21, 1931, No. 16. Announcement No. 210, p. 101.