Fellows

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fellows
Rimbach municipality
Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 41 ″  N , 8 ° 44 ′ 10 ″  E
Height : 199  (198-265)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.94 km²
Residents : 531  (December 31, 2014)
Population density : 274 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 64668
Area code : 06253

Mitlechtern is a district of the municipality of Rimbach in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Mitlechtern is north of Rimbach-Mitte am Lörzenbach , a right western tributary of the Weschnitz , in the Vorderen Odenwald . At the confluence of the Seidenbach and the Lörzenbach, which is located downstream, the development of the place merges imperceptibly into the neighboring Lauten-Weschnitz . Both districts together form a narrow, elongated corner that slides between the city of Heppenheim in the west and the municipality of Fürth in the east. Between this tip and the main part of the Rimbach municipal area, a partially wooded hill rises as a barrier, rising to a good 300 meters.

history

From the beginning to the 18th century

Mitlechtern originated in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim, which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . The first mention of the place can be found as Mitdelecdrun on the stone document from 805 in the basement of the north tower of St. Peter in Heppenheim , where a description of the Heppenheim parish from this time can be found. After long disputes could Palatinate and the Archdiocese of Mainz early 14th century about the legacy of the Lorsch Abbey few and the Palatine parts including Mitlechtern were the Amtsvogtei managed Lindenfels.

The next documentary mention comes from 1339, when the Count Palatine Rudolph II gave his consent to the Wittum , at fellows and other places, of the donation Konrad von Erbach to his wife Kunigunde von Brugge. At that time, the Palatinate town was already a fiefdom to the Erbacher donors. Further feudal letters from the Count Palatine to the Counts of Erbach are known from the years 1438 and 1443. Since there were several incidents in the border area between the Electoral Palatinate and the County of Erbach due to the confusing territorial affiliation, the Palatinate Elector Friedrich III reached an agreement on June 4, 1561 . with the brothers Georg, Eberhard and Valentin, Counts of Erbach, about an area swap. As a result, the villages Lautern , Gadernheim and Reidelbach , which belong to the Palatinate Thalzent , as well as the share in Reichenbach came to the County of Erbach and the Erbach villages Mittershausen, Mitlechtern, Scheuerberg, Schaunenbach, Knoden, Breitenwiesen and Oberlaudenbach to the Palatinate. There they formed the Neu-Zent of the Lindenfels District Bailiwick . Until 1737 Lindenfels was subordinate to the Oberamt Heidelberg , after which Lindenfels became an independent Oberamt of the "Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein" (in the "Electorate Pfalzbayern" from 1777).

The jurisdiction over fellow men was initially with the Heppenheim Cent , where the high jurisdiction over "theft, screaming murder, stone throwing, robbers and heresy" remained until 1714. On the other hand, documents prove that the "Neu-Zent" existed as early as 1613 and that in 1665 legal cases were appealed to the Central Court in Mittershausen and from then to the Palatinate Court Court.

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. Mitlechtern is mentioned as a branch of Heppenheim in the Heidelberger Oberamtscetenzbuch from 1610.

In 1613 there were 6 hubs with 10 house sills. and 6 serfs and 8 women counted. At the end of the Thirty Years' War (1648), like many areas of the Electoral Palatinate, the place was almost deserted. After the devastating war, the Electoral Palatinate pursued a policy of resettlement in its area characterized by religious tolerance. But the wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many of the efforts and tens of thousands of Palatine emigrated and the like. a. to North America and Prussia.

From a religious point of view, too, the time after the Thirty Years' War was marked by great unrest. In 1685 the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line took over the government in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate. Even during the War of the Palatinate Succession, France tried to advance the Counter-Reformation in the conquered areas and founded a number of Catholic parishes. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk , which strengthened the position of the then reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm . This led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches, schools and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. Only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 came the so-called Palatinate church division in which the simultanum was reversed and the churches in the country, including rectories and schools, were divided between the Reformed and the Catholics in a ratio of five to two. There were special regulations for the three capitals Heidelberg , Mannheim and Frankenthal as well as the regional authorities Alzey , Kaiserslautern , Oppenheim , Bacharach and Weinheim . In cities with two churches, one should go to Protestants and the other to Catholics; in the others, where there was only one church, the choir was separated from the nave by a wall, and the one to the Catholics and the other to the Protestants. The Lutherans were only allowed those churches that they owned in 1624 or had built afterwards.

In 1784 Mitlechtern was described as a place with 10 houses, 55 families and 88 souls. The district consisted of 218 acres of arable land, 39 acres of meadows, 6 acres of gardens and 8 acres of forest. The court chamber of the Electoral Palatinate received the large and small tithe . The jurisdiction and the sovereign administration over fellow men lay with the Neu-Zent of the Oberamt Lindenfels .

In the attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Elector. Pfalz am Rheine can be found in 1786 via Mitlechtern:

“Beloved. Located two hours west of Lindenfels, borders on Lauten-Weschniz to the east; towards the south to the Kurmsinzische village Lerzenbach; towards the west to the Dalbergische Aldersbach and the Mainzische Wald-Erlendach; to the north to the following Jgelsbach. [...] The little Palatinate brook running down from previous places runs through the little village, and the road that is noticed there also passes by. (from the mountains to Heppenheim and Bensheim). In 1784 it consisted of 10 houses, 55 families, 88 souls. The district, however, consists of 218 M. Aecker, 39 M. Wiesen, 6 M. Gardens and 8 M. Forest. The Electoral Palatinate Court Chamber receives the large and small tithe. "

From the 19th century until today

Middle becomes Hessian

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the " Left Bank of the Rhine " and thus the left bank of the Rhine were annexed by France as early as 1797 . In its last session in February 1803, the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg passed the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , which implemented the provisions of the Peace of Luneville and reorganized the territorial relations in the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) . The Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt was awarded parts of the dissolved principalities of Kurmainz , Electoral Palatinate and the Diocese of Worms as compensation for lost areas on the right bank of the Rhine . The Oberamt Lindenfels and its fellow members also came to Hessen-Darmstadt. There the Oberamt was temporarily continued as the Hessian District Bailiwick. Under pressure from Napoléon , the Confederation of the Rhine was founded in 1806 , this happened with the simultaneous withdrawal of the member territories from the Reich. This led to the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806, with which the old empire ceased to exist. On August 14, 1806, Napoleon elevated the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt to the Grand Duchy , against joining the Confederation of the Rhine and placing high military contingents in France , otherwise he threatened an invasion. In 1812, the area of ​​the "Amt Lindenfels" was split up and co-workers were assigned to the formerly Mainz " Amt Heppenheim". The superordinate administrative authority was the "Administrative Region Darmstadt" which from 1803 was also referred to as the "Principality of Starkenburg".

After Napoléon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse and confirmed the boundaries of the Principality of Starkenburg. In addition, Article 47 assigned other areas to the Grand Duchy of Hesse, including Worms , Alzey , Bingen and Mainz , an area known as Rheinhessen . In 1815 the Grand Duchy joined the German Confederation . By the treaty of Frankfurt on June 30, 1816 Grand Duke Ludwig came as a result of German war which even before the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss occupied on 6 September 1802 Duchy of Westphalia from the King of Prussia. In 1816 provinces were formed in the Grand Duchy, with the area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” .

In 1814 serfdom was abolished in the Grand Duchy and with the constitution of the Grand Duchy of Hesse introduced on December 17, 1820, it was given a constitutional monarchy , in which the Grand Duke still had great powers. The remaining civil rights magnificent as Low jurisdiction , tithes, ground rents and other slope but remained composed until 1848. In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and district districts were introduced, with co-workers coming to the district of Lindenfels . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also arranged the administrative administration at the municipal level. The mayor's office in Mittershausen was also responsible for Breitenwiesen , Igelsbach , Knoden , Mitlechtern, Schannenbach and Scheuerberg . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 about fellows:

»Mitlechtern (L. Bez. Lindenfels) reform. And cath. Filialdorf, is 1 3 ⁄ 4   St. from Lindenfels and has 17 houses and 140 inhabitants, of which 65 are Lutheran, 52 Reform. and 23 Cath. In the boundary description of the Heppenheimer Kirchsprengels from 805 the dividing line is drawn from Ludwisgoz to Middelecdrum. By swap the place came from Erbach to Churpfalz in 1561 and from there to Hesse in 1802. «

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which co-members now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

“Fellows. - Village, to the evangel. Parishes Rimbach u. Schlierdach, belonging to the Lindenfels parish with regard to the Catholics. - 17 H. 140 (mostly Protestant) E. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Prov. Starkenburg. - Heppenheim district. - Fürth district court. - Hofger. Darmstadt. - The village of Mitlechtern was exchanged in 156l from Erbach to Churpfalz and from there in 1802 to Hesse. "

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Already four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into circles and co-workers became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

A joint school for Mitlechten and Lauten-Weschnitz existed from 1827, before that there was only one school in Lindenfels. However, the two communities had already hired their own teacher in winter since the beginning of the 18th century. Since 1818, the Lutheran residents sent their children to Rimbach, so that the joint winter school had to be closed in 1824 due to the lack of school fees. The children of the Reformed parents then send their children to the winter school in Mittershausen.

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed the following for co-workers: Reformatory and Catholic branch village with 201 inhabitants. The district consists of 778 acres , including 426 acres of arable land, 106 acres of meadows and acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the Filialdorf Mitlechtern with the mayor's office in Mittershausen, 36 houses, 220 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Protestant Reformed parish Schlierbach and the Lutheran parish Rimbach of the deanery Lindenfels and the Catholic parish of Lindenfels belonging to the Heppenheim deanery.

In 1870, the Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck provoked the Franco-German War with the so-called Emser Depesche in which the Grand Duchy of Hesse took part as a member of the North German Confederation on the side of Prussia . Before its official end on May 10, 1871, the southern German states joined the North German Confederation, and on January 1, 1871 its new constitution came into force, with which it was now called the German Empire . On the German side, this war claimed around 41,000 deaths. With the Reich Coin Act , Germany only had one currency, the mark with 100 pfennigs as a sub-unit. After the Grand Duchy of Hesse had been part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the reintegration of co-workers into the Heppenheim district .

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Fürth Local Court and assigned to the district of the Regional Court Darmstadt .

From July 1, 1906, there was a separate mayor's office for Mitlechtern and Igelsbach. Igelsbach stayed with fellow men until the end of the Second World War and then came to Kirschhausen .

Time of world wars

On August 1, 1914, the First World War broke out, which put an end to the positive economic development throughout the German Empire . When the armistice was signed after the German defeat on November 11th, 1918, fellow men and women also had to mourn many casualties, while the war cost a total of around 17 million human lives. The end of the German Empire was thus sealed, and the troubled times of the Weimar Republic followed, in which between 1921 and 1930 around 566,000 emigrants tried to escape the difficult conditions in Germany.

In 1927 the size of the district was given as 194.5  ha .

On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler became Chancellor, which marked the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of the National Socialist dictatorship. In the spring of 1933, Adolf Hitler made May 1 a public holiday called “German Labor Day”. In this way, a union demand was met by the government of all people, which the unions strictly opposed. The unions called for participation in the May events, as they felt they were the initiators of the May idea. The official program was already heavily influenced by the National Socialists: “6 o'clock wake up by the SA bands. 8 a.m. flag hoisting in the factories, march to the parade ground, 9 a.m. transmission of the rally from the pleasure garden in Berlin to the public squares of the cities. 10.45 am State act of the Hessian government (...), reception of a workers' delegation from the three Hessian provinces. (...) Common singing of the 'Song of the Workers'. (...) 7.30 am Transmission from the Tempelhofer Feld, Berlin: Manifesto of Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler, 'The first year of the four-year plan'. Then light music and German dance. 12 noon: Broadcast of the speech by Prime Minister Hermann Göring. (...) Former Marxist singing, gymnastics and sports clubs can take part in the parades, but carry Marxist flags or symbols with you. ”The rude awakening for the unions came a day later when the“ NSDAP took over the leadership of the red trade unions took over ":" The Marxist leaders since then in protective custody - a 3 million account of the former Reichstag President Löbe blocked - the rights of the workers secured - the buildings of the free trade unions occupied ", headlined the newspapers, which had already been harmonized throughout the Reich.

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

In November 1938 the so-called Reichskristallnacht brought hardship and misery to the Jewish fellow citizens. The synagogues were burned down and the homes and businesses of Jewish families devastated.

On September 1, 1939, when German troops marched into Poland, the Second World War began , the effects of which were even more dramatic than the First World War and the number of victims estimated at 60 to 70 million people. In the final phase of the Second World War in Europe, the American units reached the Rhine between Mainz and Mannheim in mid-March 1945. On March 22nd, the 3rd US Army crossed the Rhine near Oppenheim and occupied Darmstadt on March 25th. In the first hours of March 26, 1945, American units crossed the Rhine near Hamm and south of Worms, from where they advanced on a broad front towards the Bergstrasse. On March 27, the American troops were in Lorsch, Bensheim and Heppenheim and a day later Aschaffenburg am Main and the western and northern parts of the Odenwald were occupied. The war in Europe ended with the unconditional surrender of all German troops, which came into effect on May 8, 1945 at 11:01 p.m. Central European Time. There were 26 soldiers killed or missing in this war.

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

Post-war and present

As the population figures from 1939 and 1946 show, fellow men and women also had to cope with many displaced persons and refugees after the war.

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 194  ha , of which 50 ha were forest.

In 1971, in the run-up to the regional reform in Hesse , the municipal council decided very tightly, with four votes for Rimbach against three votes for Fürth, for integration into the municipality of Rimbach. This was completed on December 31, 1971.

Population development

• 1613: 10 house seats ; Serfs : 6 men, 8 women.
• 1785: 88 souls, 10 houses, 55 families
• 1961: 267 Protestant (= 69.90%), 104 Catholic (= 27.23%) residents
Mitlechter: Population from 1784 to 1970
year     Residents
1784
  
 81
1829
  
 140
1834
  
 167
1840
  
 176
1846
  
 200
1852
  
 201
1858
  
 224
1864
  
 221
1871
  
 223
1875
  
 240
1885
  
 252
1895
  
 230
1905
  
 280
1910
  
 295
1925
  
 281
1939
  
 270
1946
  
 339
1950
  
 363
1956
  
 365
1961
  
 382
1967
  
 474
1970
  
 525
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

politics

After the incorporation into the municipality of Rimbach, a local advisory board with a local mayor was set up for fellow workers . The Mitlechtern local council has five seats, which are divided as follows after the local elections in Hesse in 2016 :

  • SPD: 5 seats

The mayor is Angelika Strohmenger (SPD).

traffic

The Bundesstrasse 460 , known here as Siegfriedstrasse , runs through the village . Due to the special location of the district, there is no road connection to Rimbach-Mitte within the municipality. Rather, the traffic leads to the main town through the Fürth district of Lörzenbach , where the B 460 meets the federal highway 38 .

literature

  • Johann Goswin Widder: Attempt of a complete geographic-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine. Volume 1 , Leipzig 1786–1788. ( Online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, volume October 1, 1829
  • Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858 ( online at google books ).
  • Literature about fellow men in the Hessian bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Budget 2016. (PDF; 714 kB) Municipality of Rimbach, p. Cover sheet, page II. , Archived from the original ; accessed in February 2016 .
  2. ↑ a b Wilhelm Müller: Hessisches Ortnamesbuch - Starkenburg , Darmstadt 1937, p. 465
  3. ↑ a b c d Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 40 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ^ A b Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 507 f ., 3) Middle real ( online at googe books ).
  5. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a hundred years: Abth. Germany fifty years ago . tape 3 . Voigt & Günther, Leipzig 1862, OCLC 311428620 , p. 358 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  6. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  7. ↑ Georg W. Wagner: Volume 1, p. 157 ( online at Google Books )
  8. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states , Naumburg 1845, Volume 2, p. 48 ( online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  9. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  10. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  11. ↑ Mitel Real on the internal side of Rimbach.
  12. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  13. ↑ Philipp Alexander Ferdinand Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse according to history, country, people, state and locality. Jonghans, Darmstadt 1854, p. 346 ( online at google books )
  14. ↑ Alphabetical list of places to live in the Grand Duchy of Hesse , 1869, p. 58 ( online at google books)
  15. ^ Lists of casualties of the German army in the campaign 1870/71. In: Online project fallen memorials. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015 ; accessed on May 10, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  17. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  18. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the “Bergsträßer Anzeiger” 2007. (PDF 8.61 MB) Fresh birch green, waving flags. P. 66 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; accessed on December 28, 2014 .
  19. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  20. ↑ a b c d e Mitlechtern, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  21. ↑ Monument project: Mitlechtern, World War II , accessed on September 24, 2016.
  22. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 349 .
  23. ↑ Committees and parties on the Rimbach municipality's website, accessed in March 2017.