Tatras 813

Tatra 813 8 × 8 tractor
Construction time:	1967-1982
Number of pieces:	11,751
Developing country:	Czechoslovakia
engine
Type	T 930-31 E, V12 diesel, air-cooled
Displacement	17,643 cc
Bore / stroke	120/130 mm
compression	16.5
High performance	199 kW (270 hp) at 2,000 rpm
Max. Torque	991 Nm at 1,300 rpm
Power transmission
Three-disc dry clutch, hydraulically operated, with pneumatic amplification, mechanical five-speed gearbox, pneumatically assisted, with two-speed additional gearbox and two-stage planetary gearbox, four-wheel drive with interaxle differential, reduction gears in the wheel hubs, differential locks
chassis
Central tubular frame, pendulum axles, semi-elliptic leaf springs on both front axles, torsion bar suspension on the rear axle, telescopic shock absorbers tires 18.00-22.5, both front axles steered, hydraulic steering assistance
Brakes
Pneumatic dual-circuit service brake system with drum brakes Mechanical parking brake, acting on the gearbox, engine brake and exhaust throttle valve, trailer brake system with dual-line connection
construction
Forward control cab, fixed, 5 seats, 4 doors, steel platform 2,465 × 2,420 × 500 mm
Dimensions, weights and performance
Length Width Height	7,760 / 2,500 / 2,620 mm height without rotating beacon
wheelbase	1,650 + 2,700 mm
Empty weight	11,930 kg
payload	8,800 kg (ballast)
Trailer load	100,000 kg
Top speed	70 km / h (without trailer)
Climbing ability	15.1% (with a gross train weight of 122 t)

The Tatra 813 is a heavy two- to four-axle truck produced by the Czechoslovak vehicle manufacturer Tatra . This type followed the Tatra 141 tractor and was built in series from 1967. A first functional model was created back in 1960.

operation area

The Tatra 813 was primarily intended for the army , but was also produced in numerous civilian versions. All versions of the Tatra 813 have all-wheel drive. While the army mainly used the four-axle tractor unit, mainly three-axle tractor units were produced for civilian use. Two-axle tractors and semitrailer tractors were also built in smaller numbers. The Tatra 813 was also used in all axle configurations as a carrier vehicle for fire brigade , crane or other special structures. The 8 × 8 version is nicknamed "Kolos".

technology

The different variants differ not only in the number of axles. For the 8 × 8 and 6 × 6 tractors, the 5-speed synchromesh transmission, combined with a two-speed auxiliary transmission and two-stage planetary gear, provides a total of 20 forward and four reverse gears, while the 4 × 4 versions have over ten Have forward and two reverse gears. In contrast to most other truck constructions, the Tatra do not have a ladder frame with rigid axles , but the Tatra-typical central tubular frame with pendulum axles . The wheels on the semi-axles therefore show a positive camber , especially during rebound . Inside the voluminous central tube, all distributor shafts and gears and the differentials are housed, which are protected from contact with the ground when driving off-road. In the 8 × 8 Tatra, the central transfer differential gear, the intermediate differentials of the front and rear axle pairs and the axle differentials can be locked, which means that the 8 × 8 model, combined with the wheelbases, has both good off-road mobility and great ability to cross over.

The 8 × 8 vehicles have semi-elliptic leaf springs on all axles. The 6 × 6 versions have semi-elliptic leaf springs on the two front axles and torsion bar suspension on the rear axle. The 4 × 4 tractors have torsion bar springs on all axles, while the 4 × 4 tractor units are equipped with torsion bar springs at the front and air springs at the rear. All vehicle variants have fixed cab cabins. The 6 × 6 and 8 × 8 vehicles have five seats and four doors. The 4 × 4 variants have shorter two-door cabs.

By 1982 a total of 11,751 Tatra 813 were produced in all variants, then this type was replaced by the Tatra 815 .

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  Tatra 813 4 × 4 truck crane

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  Tatra 813 6 × 6 tractor

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  Tatra 813 8 × 8 fire brigade

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  Tatra 813 8 × 8 tractor with GAZ-63 on the loading area

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  Armored 813 with rocket launcher

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  Tatra 813 8 × 8 in the HGM

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  Badge - Tatra T 813 - military - 3 axles

literature

• Miroslav Gomola: History of Automobilů Tatra II . AGM-Gomola, Brno 2000.
• Michael Dünnebier: Trucks and buses from socialist countries . 1st edition. Transpress, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-344-00272-4 .
• Jens Kraus: East colossus. The Tatra 813 - ... In: Last & Kraft 2/2019, pp. 8-17.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Suhr / Weinreich, NVA vehicle classics, Motorbuch Verlag, 1st edition 2007, ISBN 978-3-613-02809-8 , p. 98

Web links

Commons : Tatra 813  - collection of images

• Two films about the Tatra 813