Breitenwiesen

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Breitenwiesen
Coordinates: 49 ° 42 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 43 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 443 m above sea level NN
Residents : 47  (December 3, 1867)
Postal code : 64686
Area code : 06254

Breitenwiesen is a hamlet in the Knoden district of Lautertal in the Bergstraße district in southern Hesse . Even today, the small town is characterized by farms.

Geographical location

Breitenwiesen is located in the Vorderen Odenwald in the headwaters of a stream in an agriculturally used plateau shaped as a flat hollow and southeast of the core community of Reichenbach . The hamlet essentially consists of a few farms.

The closest localities are Reichenbach in the northwest, Raidelbach in the north, Kolmbach in the northeast , Glattbach in the southeast and Schannenbach and Seidenbuch in the south .

history

Territorial history

Breitenwiesen emerged in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . After long disputes, the Electoral Palatinate and the Archdiocese of Mainz were able to agree on the inheritance from the Lorsch Abbey at the beginning of the 14th century and the parts of the Palatinate were administered by the Lindenfels District Bailiwick.

The first mention of the place is the place under the name Breydenwisen 1398, when Count Palatine Ruprecht I. the butler Eberhard of Erbach with half a yard in width meadows invested . At that time, the Palatinate town was already a fiefdom to the Erbacher donors. Since there were several incidents in the border area between the Electoral Palatinate and the County of Erbach due to the confusing territorial affiliation, the Palatinate Elector Friedrich III reached an agreement on June 4, 1561 . with the brothers Georg, Eberhard and Valentin, Counts of Erbach, about an area swap. As a result, the villages Lautern , Gadernheim and Reidelbach belonging to Palatinate Thalzent , as well as the share in Reichenbach came to the County of Erbach and the Erbach villages Mittershausen, Mitlechtern, Scheuerberg, Schannenbach, Knoden, Breitenwiesen and Oberlaudenbach to the Palatinate. There they formed the Neu-Zent of the Lindenfels Office . Until 1737 Lindenfels was subordinate to the Oberamt Heidelberg , after which Lindenfels became an independent Oberamt of the "Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein" (in the "Electorate Pfalzbayern" from 1777).

The jurisdiction over Breitenwiesen was initially in Heppenheim, where the high jurisdiction over "theft, screams of murder, throwing stones, robbers and heresy" remained until 1714. On the other hand, documents prove that the Neu-Zent already existed in 1613 and that in 1665 legal cases were appealed to the Central Court in Mittershausen and from then to the Palatinate Court Court.

In 1613 Breitenwiesen had "4 houses and 6 hubs, 4 men and 3 women as serfs." In 1784, Breitenwiesen is described as a hamlet of three houses. The district contained only 117 acres of land. The stream that rises from three well springs here was called Thalbach (today's Schlierbach), after which the Thal-Zent, ​​which begins in the neighboring town of Glattbach, got its name. The great tithes moved into the cathedral chapter of Mainz two and Herr von Dalberg part. From the small tithe they received a third and the pastor of Reichenbach two thirds.

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) was reorganized by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 and ceased to exist with the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806. Through this reorganization and dissolution of the Electoral Palatinate, the Oberamt Lindenfels and with it Breitenwiesen became part of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt . In the further course of history, Breitenbach is run as part of the Knoden district.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Knoden and the settlement of Breitenwiesen were incorporated into the municipality of Lautertal on August 1, 1972.

Historical descriptions

In the attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Elector. Pfalz am Rheine can be found in 1786 above Breitenwiesen:

“Breitenwiesen. Is only a hamlet of three houses an hour west of Lindenfels; its neighbors to the east the Kurmainzische village Kollenbach; towards south Schannenbach and Reilbach; against West Grünau and Hohenstein, so both Erbachisch; to the north are Knoden. The Counts of Erbach had previously given such a thing with the following on after- fiefs. Anna von Bikenbach , the wife of Konrad von Erbach's gift, took both places back in 1451 from Hannsen von Erlikeim for 400 ft., Which added to the fiefdom. Breitenwiesen only came back to the Palatinate through the exchange in 1561. The Thalbach (today Schlierbach) rises from three well springs in this area, which is only 117 meters thick, and flows to Gladbach. The country road leading from Reichelsheim to Bensheim passes above. On the great tithe, the cathedral chapter in Mainz moves into two, and the baron von Dalberg a third; on the little one, however, both together a third, and Luther. Pastor zu Reichenbach two thirds. "

CFML Marchand writes about this common right to use the Bensheimer Markwald forest: »On September 22nd, 1615, Count Palatine Friedrich issued a court order for the Bensheim Markwaldungen to eliminate the errors that existed between Bensheim, Gronau, Zell, Schannenbach, Knoden and Breitenwiesen. For the Märkergericht, Bensheim put together the mayor and 4 men, Gronau and Zell 1 man each, Schannenbach Knoden and Breitenwiesen 1 man. The communal forests consisted of the Zellerholz (Vorderwald), Eselberg Kesselberg, Dengelberg, Schülberg and Knodelberg. Bensheim and Gronau had the first two alone. In the middle of the 17th century, after the matter had already been disputed in the court court of Heidelberg, there were still various dissidia, because of the upper markers' authority, the law on stone setting, etc. "

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 about Breitenwiesen:

»Breitenwiesen (LB Lindenfels) hamlet, is 1 1/4 St from Lindenfels and has 5 houses and 37 inhabitants, of which 11 are Luth. and 26 reform. are located. The gifts from Erbach had previously given this place to an afterlef. The gift Conrad's wife Anna von Bickenbach bought it back in 1451 from Hans von Erlikheim. It was not until 1561 that Breitenwiesen returned to the Palatinate through an exchange. In 1802 the place came to Hessen. "

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

»Breit (s) wiesen b. Lindenfels. - village, for evangel. Parish church Schlierbach and Catholic parish church Lindenfels belonging. - 5 H. 37 E. - Grand Duchy of Hesse. - Prov. Starkenburg. - District of Heppenheim. - Landger. Fuerth. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. - The village of Breitenwiesen, 1 1/4 St. von Lindenfels, came to Hesse in 1802. «

traffic

A hundred meters north of Breitenwiesen goes the district road K 55 , which branches off the federal road 47 known as Nibelungenstrasse near Gadernheim and leads to Knoden and Schannenbach.

literature

  • Johann Goswin Widder: Attempt of a complete geographic-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine. Volume 1 , Leipzig 1786–1788. ( Online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg. Volume 1, October 1829.
  • Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858 ( online at google books ).
  • Otto Wagner: Heimatbuch Fürth i. Odw: with the districts of Fürth, Brombach, Ellenbach, Erlenbach, Fahrenbach, Krökkelbach, Krumbach, Linnenbach, Lörzenbach, Seidenbach, Steinbach, Weschnitz , Fürth i. Odw. 1994, ISBN 3765711101

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alphabetical list of places to live in the Grand Duchy of Hesse , 1869, page 16 ( online at google books )
  2. ^ Wilhelm Müller: Hessisches Ortnamesbuch - Starkenburg , Darmstadt 1937, page 85
  3. ^ A b Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 40 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ^ Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 508 ( online at googe books ).
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 349 .
  6. ^ Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 508 , 4) Breitenwiesen ( online at googe books ).
  7. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, p. 24 ( online at Google Books ).
  8. ↑ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states , Naumburg 1845, Volume 2, Page 102 ( Online at Hathi Trust, digital library )