Dürr-Ellenbach

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Dürr-Ellenbach
Community Wald-Michelbach
Coordinates: 49 ° 34 ′ 46 ″  N , 8 ° 52 ′ 26 ″  E
Height : 437 m above sea level NN
Incorporation : April 1, 1939
Incorporated into: Aschbach
Postal code : 69483
Area code : 06207

Dürr-Ellenbach was a place whose district was combined with Aschbach , a district of Wald-Michelbach in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse . Only a forester's house is left of the place .

Geographical location

Dürr-Ellenbach is located in the middle of the Odenwald in the east of the municipality of Wald-Michelbach, at a junction of the river of the same name. The Ellenbach is a left eastern tributary of the Ulfenbach . It rises on the southern slope of the Kleiner Meisenberg (528 m), flows south and flows into Ober-Schönmattenwag . The village is surrounded on all sides by wooded heights, part of the valley floor is under nature protection , in places there are also small meadows.

The closest localities are Aschbach in the west, Affolterbach in the north, Olfen in the east and Raubach and Ober-Schönmattenwag in the south.

history

From the beginning to the 18th century

Dürr-Ellenbach originated in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . From here the reclamation and settlement of the area was carried out. The heyday of Lorsch Abbey, in whose area Dürr-Ellenbach was located, was followed by its decline in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1232 Lorsch was subordinated to the Archdiocese of Mainz .

The place was first mentioned in 1437 as Dorn Elbach in the document book of the Darmstadt State Archive of the place Ober-Schönmattenwag . The settlement consisted of individual farms with no local character. As early as 1430, the area was mentioned in an arbitration award between Archbishop Konrad von Mainz and Count Palatine Ludwig , according to which Kurmainz had "been hunting in Dornellbacher Allmend " since the time of Archbishop Adolf . From the year 1480 it is handed down that Dürr-Ellenbach had to deliver the small tithe of 4 florins annually to the Kurmainzer Kellerei Heppenheim.

For the year 1568 it is documented that Dürr-Ellenbach belongs to the Kurmainzer “Amt Starkenburg” and there to the “ Zent Abtsteinach ”. During the fateful for Kurmainz Mainz Diocesan Feud the Office of Starkenburg was Palatinate wiedereinlöslich pledged and subsequently remained pfälzisch 160 years. Count Palatine Friedrich had the “Amt Starkenburg” pledged for his support from Archbishop Dieter - in the “Weinheimer Bund” concluded by the Electors on November 19, 1461 - whereby Kurmainz received the right to redeem the pledge for 100,000 pounds.

The jurisdiction over the place was exercised by the "Zent Abtsteinach". Within the center, Dürr-Ellenbach, together with six other places ( Hartenrod , Gadern , Kocherbach , Aschbach , Lützelbach , Buchklingen ) and nine farms in Wald-Michelbach, formed the “Hartenroder court”, a common Schultzen court . Appellate court and Oberhof were the main court in Abtsteinach and until 1782 the Oberhof in Heppenheim. In the meantime, the status of the "Hartenroder court" has probably been upgraded, because in 1654 a "whole court" was reported. At the beginning of the 16th century the place was a branch of the parish in Güttersbach .

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. The places of the "Zent Abtsteinach" belonged in 1568 to the reformed parish of Waldmichelbach.

When Spanish troops of the "Catholic League" conquered the region during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) , Kurmainzer rule was restored in 1623. As a result, the Reformation introduced by the Count Palatine was largely reversed and the population had to return to the Catholic faith . The Spanish troops withdrew from the approaching Swedes after 10 years, but after the catastrophic defeat of the Evangelicals in the Nördlingen in 1634, the Swedes also left the Bergstrasse and with the Swedish-French War began in 1635 the bloodiest chapter of the Thirty Years War. The chroniclers of that time report from the region: " Plague and hunger rage in the country and decimate the population, so that the villages are often completely empty". With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, the redemption of the pledge was finally established. In 1658, the Archbishop of Mainz, Johann Philipp von Schönborn , had a church consecrated to St. Boniface built in Ober-Abtsteinach , whose parish included 23 villages, was the only church in the whole of the "Zent Abtsteinnach" and was part of the "Bergstrasse Regional Chapter ".

It is known from 1654 that the place consisted of 2 1/4  Huben and 2/3 of the tenth had to be transferred to the Kurmainzer Kellerei zu Heppenheim and 1/3 to the Count of Erbach .

When there was a restructuring in the area of ​​the Kurmainzer Amt Starkenburg in 1782 , the area of ​​the office was divided into sub-offices and the office was renamed Oberamt. The "Zent Abtsteinanch", in which Dürr-Ellenbach was located, was subordinated to the newly established Fürth office. Although the central order with the central school remained formally in place, it could only carry out the orders of the higher authorities ( Oberamt Starkenburg , Unteramt Fürth). The “Oberamt Starkenburg” administratively belonged to the “Lower Archbishopric” of the Electorate of Mainz .

From the 19th century until today

Excerpt from Haas' map from around 1800 with Dürr-Ellenbach, which is still referred to here as Klein-Ellenbach.

The rest of the story is largely identical to that of Aschbach , so Dürr-Ellenbach became Hessian in 1803 . From 1821 Dürr-Ellenbach, like Aschbach, was administered by the mayor's office in Gadern in the Lindenfels district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

In 1812 Konrad Dahl reported in his historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch, or church history of the Upper Rhinegau, about Dürr-Ellenbach as the location of the "Hartenroder court" of the "Zent Abtsteinach":

»Dürrelmbach (Dürellenbach or Kleinellenbach) a hamlet of 2 hubs with 3 houses and 42 selenium. 1/4 hour away from the previous place (Aschbach). «

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Dürr-Ellenbach in 1829:

»Dürrellenbach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) cath. Branch village; also Kleinellenbach; is 3 1/4 St. von Lindenfels, has 5 houses and 52 inhabitants, all but 1 reform. are catholic. In 1802 the town came from Mainz to Hesse. "

Dürr-Erlenbach, like Aschbach, came to the Heppenheim district in 1832 and belonged to the Lindenfels district from 1852 to 1874 before the Heppenheim district merged into today's Bergstrasse district.

In the newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities of the German federal states from 1845 the following entry can be found:

»Ellenbach, also called Dürrellenbach, Kleinellenbach. - Village, to the reform. Parish Waldmichelbach, resp. Catholic parish of Ablsteinach. - 5 H. 52 E. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Starkenburg Province. - Heppenheim district. - Fürth district court. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. "

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Dürr-Ellenbach: Catholic Filialdorf (also Dürrellenbachder or Kleinelenbacher Höfe) with 402 inhabitants. The district consists of 1335 acres , of which 301 acres of arable land, 70 acres of meadows and 1013 acres of forest. In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the Dürr-Ellenbach branch village with the mayor's office in Aschbach, 3 houses, 27 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Fürth district court, the Protestant parish Wald-Michelbach with the dean's office in Lindenfels and the Catholic parish Wald-Michelbach of the dean's office in Heppenheim.

When the living conditions in the Odenwald got worse and worse in the middle of the 19th century, almost the entire population of Dürr-Ellenbach emigrated to America. Only the farm of Johann Georg Göltz remained, which was used as a count's forester's house and later as a district forester's house or official residence. In 1927 the size of the district was given as 333.8  ha . On April 1, 1939, was district Dürr Ellenbach incorporated into the municipality of Aschbach and continued as a corridor 5 in the district Aschbach. Together with Aschbach, the area of ​​Dürr-Ellenbach became part of the municipality of Wald-Michelbach on October 1, 1971 .

After the forest reform in 2005 in what is now Hessen-Forst , the Dürr-Ellenbach forestry department was dissolved and the forester's house has only been the rented apartment of a forest worker since then.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Dürr-Ellenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

Dürr-Ellenbach: Population from 1829 to 1925
year     Residents
1829
  
52
1834
  
48
1840
  
46
1846
  
47
1852
  
45
1858
  
39
1864
  
34
1871
  
19th
1875
  
20th
1885
  
12
1895
  
3
1905
  
2
1910
  
4th
1925
  
6th
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

traffic

Dürr-Ellenbach can only be reached via forest and hiking trails. The forester's house is accessed by a forest road that branches off from the state road L 3120 (Affolterbach - Olfen) to the south.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Dürr-Ellenbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. a b c d Wilhelm Müller: Hessisches Ortnamesbuch - Starkenburg , Darmstadt 1937, p. 151
  3. Konrad Dahl: Historical-topographical-statistical description of the principality of Lorsch, or Church history of the Upper Rhinegau , Darmstadt 1812. P. 246 ( online at Google Books )
  4. Georg W. Wagner, p. 56 ( Online at Google Books )
  5. Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states , Naumburg 1845, Volume 1, p. 340 ( online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  6. Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  7. Philipp Alexander Ferdinand Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse according to history, country, people, state and locality. Jonghans, Darmstadt 1854, p. 22 ( online at google books )
  8. Alphabetical list of places to live in the Grand Duchy of Hesse , 1869, p. 22 ( online at google books )
  9. Echo-online from June 18, 2011: Dürr-Ellenbach im Odenwald, the forgotten village ( Memento from August 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).