Gras-Ellenbach

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Gras-Ellenbach
Community Grasellenbach
Coat of arms of Gras-Ellenbach
Coordinates: 49 ° 37 ′ 48 ″  N , 8 ° 51 ′ 39 ″  E
Height : 398 m above sea level NN
Area : 6.15 km²
Residents : 962  (May 2011)
Population density : 156 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 64689
Area code : 06207

Gras-Ellenbach is the eponymous district of the community Grasellenbach in the southern Hessian district of Bergstrasse and its second largest district as well as a recognized Kneipp spa .

Geographical location

Gras-Ellenbach is 398 meters high in the valley junction at the confluence of Ulfenbach and Gaßbach in the Odenwald . To the south-east of the village, in the forest on the northern slope of the 547 meter high Spessartskopf , on an old post route at 500 meters above sea level, lies the Siegfriedbrunnen , to which Gras-Ellenbach owes its national fame. At the same time, the Spessartkopf is the highest point in the district.

history

overview

A first documented mention that has been preserved dates from 1359 in the regests of the Palatinate County near the Rhine , when Count Palatine Ruprecht I approved the sale of Wahlen ( Waldau ), Scharbach ( Scharpach ) and Gras-Ellenbach ( Ellenbach ) by Hartmud von Cronberg to Rudolf von Beckingen .

Gras-Ellenbach was later owned by the districts of Lindenfels who sold it back to the Electoral Palatinate in 1439 .

During the Reformation the place became predominantly Protestant and belonged as a branch village to the Reformed parish of Waldmichelbach and later to Hammelbach . At the end of the Thirty Years' War (1648), like many areas of the Electoral Palatinate, the place was almost deserted. After the devastating war, the Electoral Palatinate pursued a policy of resettlement in its area characterized by religious tolerance. But the wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many of the efforts and tens of thousands of Palatine emigrated and the like. a. to North America and Prussia.

From a religious point of view, too, the time after the Thirty Years' War was marked by great unrest. In 1685 the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line took over the government in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate. Even during the War of the Palatinate Succession, France tried to advance the Counter-Reformation in the conquered areas and founded a number of Catholic parishes. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk , which strengthened the position of the then reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm . This led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches, schools and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. Only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 came the so-called Palatinate church division in which the simultanum was reversed and the churches in the country, including rectories and schools, were divided between the Reformed and the Catholics in a ratio of five to two. There were special regulations for the three capitals Heidelberg , Mannheim and Frankenthal as well as the regional authorities Alzey , Kaiserslautern , Oppenheim , Bacharach and Weinheim . In cities with two churches, one should go to Protestants and the other to Catholics; in the others, where there was only one church, the choir was separated from the nave by a wall, and the one to the Catholics and the other to the Protestants. The Lutherans were only allowed those churches that they owned in 1624 or had built afterwards.

Under the rule of the Palatinate , the place belonged to the Eicher- or Hammelbach- Zent of the Oberamt Lindenfels until 1803 and then came to Hesse as a result of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , which decreed the dissolution of the Electoral Palatinate. From 1821 it is administered there by the Lindenfels district, with the mayor's office in Hammelbach also responsible for Gras-Ellenbach, partly Hiltersklingen , Litzelbach and Oberscharbach . Gras-Ellenbach was later given its own mayor's office. After several administrative reforms in Hesse, the place finally came to today's Bergstrasse district in 1938 .

On December 31, 1971, the previously independent communities Gras-Ellenbach, Hammelbach and Wahlen merged to form the new community Grasellenbach as part of the regional reform in Hesse .

From the beginning to the 18th century

Gras-Ellenbach originated in the area of ​​the former Mark Heppenheim which designated an administrative district of the Franconian Empire . On January 20, 773, Charlemagne donated the city of Heppenheim and its district, the extensive Mark Heppenheim , to the imperial monastery of Lorsch . From here the reclamation and settlement of the area was carried out. The heyday of the Lorsch monastery, in whose area Gras-Ellenbach was located, was followed by its decline in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1232 Lorsch was subordinated to the Archdiocese of Mainz . After long disputes, the Palatinate and the archbishopric of Mainz was the beginning of the 14th century about the legacy of the Lorsch Abbey few and the Palatine parts were the Amtsvogtei managed Lindenfels.

The earliest known mention of Gras-Ellenbach was in 1359, when Count Palatine Ruprecht I approved the sale of Wahlen ( Waldau ), Scharbach ( Scharpach ) and Gras-Ellenbach ( Ellenbach ) by Hartmud von Cronberg to Rudolf von Beckingen. After that, Gras-Ellenbach came into the possession of the districts of Lindenfels, which in 1423 together with the villages of Wahlen and Sharbach, including their courts, tithe people, estates and poor people, for 1700  florins to the Count Palatine Ludwig III. to sell. Gras-Ellenbach is also mentioned as:

  • 1439: Elections, Scharbach and Gras-Ellenbach to be used for 140 fl. Palatinate land treasure.
  • 1488: The Electoral Palatinate has " main right , sacrilege , iniquity, etching , commandment and prohibition" over elections. The Count Palatine has two thirds of the major and minor tithe .
  • 1568: Wahlen, Gras-Ellenbach and Nieder-Scharbach have a lower court that is held four times a year by the centgrave , who is also a Schultheis.
  • In 1613 it is documented that the lower court mentioned belongs to the Eicher or Hammelbacher Zent , where the Kurpfalz holds an open rage court four times a year .

In the early days of the Reformation , the Palatinate rulers openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, but it was not until Ottheinrich (Elector from 1556 to 1559) that the official transition to Lutheran teaching took place. After that, his successors and inevitably the population changed several times between the Lutheran , Reformed and Calvinist religions. Gras-Ellenbach becomes a branch village of the reformed parish of Wald-Michelbach and later of Hammelbach.

Further evidence about Gras-Ellenbach shows for the year 1613 that the place has seven and a half Huben and serfs, five men and seven women. After the Thirty Years' War (1618 to 1648) the place, like many others in the Electoral Palatinate, was almost extinct and the Count Palatinate tried to revitalize the country through a resettlement policy characterized by religious tolerance. The wars that broke out in the troubled times that followed, such as the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) destroyed many efforts and tens of thousands of people from the Palatinate emigrated. a. to North America and Prussia.

Until 1737 the Lindenfels District Bailiwick was subordinate to the Upper Office of Heidelberg , after which Lindenfels became an Upper Office of the "Palatinate County of the Rhine" (in the "Electorate of Palatinate Bavaria" from 1777). Grass-Ellenbach was within the Office Lindenfels part of the centering Hammelbach (also called Eicher, Affolderbacher or election Heimer centering).

According to the directory from 1784, there were 11 homes, 28 families with 132 souls in the village. The demarcation consisted of 253 acres of fields, 103 acres of meadows, 2 acres of gardens, 100 acres of pasture, and 106 acres of forest. There was an electoral forester who was in charge of both these and all of the other forests in the Cent Wald-Michelbach and the Cent Hammelbach. The Electoral Palatinate received two thirds of the tithe and the Kurmainzische Hofkammer, from the time of the Lorsch Monastery, one third.

In the attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Elector. Pfalz am Rheine can be found in 1786 via Gras-Ellenbach:

“Gros-Ellenbach. It is three and a half hours south-east of the town of Lindenfels, and its neighbors to the east are the Erbachisches Hüttersklingen and the Guttersbacher Wald; against the south the planned elections, and the Erbachischen Herrenwald; towards the west the Wahlener forest; towards the north of Hammelbach. How this village came to the Palatinate in 1423 has just been noticed during elections. At the same time the two brooks mentioned there flow down to the Ulvenbach. "

From the 19th century until today

As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. At the last session of the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg in February 1803, the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss was adopted, which implemented the provisions of the Peace of Lunéville and reorganized the territorial situation in the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) . He assigned the area of ​​the Oberamt Lindenfels to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt as compensation for lost areas on the left bank of the Rhine. There the "Oberamt Lindenfels" was initially continued as the Hessian district bailiff . Under pressure from Napoleon , the Rhine Confederation was founded in 1806 , this happened when the member territories left the empire at the same time. This led to the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806, with which the old empire ceased to exist. On August 14, 1806, the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt was raised by Napoleon to the Grand Duchy of Hesse , against placing high military contingents in France and joining the Confederation of the Rhine , otherwise he was threatened with invasion. In the Grand Duchy, the area of ​​the "Lindenfels Office" was divided up in 1812 and Gras-Ellenbach was assigned to the Fürth office . The superordinate administrative authority was the "Administrative Region Darmstadt" which from 1803 was also referred to as the "Principality of Starkenburg". After Napoléon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse, and in 1816 provinces were formed in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. The area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” .

In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and administrative districts were introduced, with Gras-Ellenbach becoming part of the Lindenfels district . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Fürth was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Lindenfels . This reform also arranged the administrative administration at the municipal level. The mayor's office in Hammelbach was also responsible for Gras-Ellenbach, partly Hiltersklingen , Litzelbach and Oberscharbach . According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Gras-Ellenbach in 1829:

»Grasellenbach (L. Bez. Lindenfels) reform. Filialdorf, is located 2 1 ⁄ 2   St. from Lindenfels on the Ulvenbach and has 45 houses and 324 inhabitants, up to 21 Luth. and 16 are Catholic Reform. Among these are 15 farmers, 24 artisans and 36 day laborers. - Bernhard Kreiß von Lindenfels, knight, sold this place together with courts, gentlemen, tithes to Count Palatine Ludwig III in 1423. and in 1802 the village of Churpfalz became part of Hesse. "

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, to which Gras-Ellenbach now belonged, alongside the Bensheim district . In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

The latest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states from 1845 states:

“Grasellenbach. - Village, to the Protestant parish Hammelbach, resp. Catholic parish Waldmichelbach belongs. - 45 H. 324 E. - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Starkenburg Province. - Heppenheim district. - Landger. Fuerth. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. - The village of Grasellenbach, located on the Ulvenbach, came from Churpfalz to Hesse in 1802. «

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Gras-Ellenbach became part of the newly created Lindenfels district .

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Grasellenbach : Reformatory branch village with 368 inhabitants. This includes two mills and a brickworks. The district consists of 2,462 acres , 601 acres of arable land, 415 acres of meadows and 1,385 acres of forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, the branch village Gras-Ellenbach with its own mayor's office, 52 houses, 397 inhabitants, the Lindenfels district, the Wald-Michelbach district court, the Protestant Reformed parish of Hammelbach of the Lindenfels dean's office and the Catholic parish Wald-Michelbach parish of the dean's office in Heppenheim. The mayor's office in Gras-Ellenbach was also responsible for the Streitmühle (one house, 6 pop.).

After the Grand Duchy of Hesse had been part of the German Empire from 1871, a series of administrative reforms were decided in 1874. The state-specific rules of procedure as well as the administration of the districts and provinces were regulated by district and provincial assemblies. The new regulation came into force on July 12, 1874 and also decreed the dissolution of the Lindenfels and Wimpfen districts and the reintegration of Gras-Ellenbach into the Heppenheim district .

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the former province of Starkenburg, the Bensheim district was particularly affected, as it was dissolved and most of it was added to the Heppenheim district. The district of Heppenheim also took over the legal successor to the district of Bensheim and was given the new name Landkreis Bergstrasse .

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

In 1961 the size of the district was given as 615  hectares , of which 229 hectares were forest.

On December 31, 1971, in the course of the regional reform in Hesse, the previously independent municipalities Wahlen, Hammelbach and Gras-Ellenbach voluntarily merged to form the new municipality Grasellenbach. Local districts according to the Hessian municipal code were not established.

Courts in Hessen

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg. The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords. The Lindenfels Office was responsible for Gras-Ellenbach. From 1813 the newly formed Justice Office in Fürth was the first instance.

The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate.

With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Fürth regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 . In 1853 a new regional court district was created, whose seat was in Wald-Michelbach and to which Gras-Ellenbach also belonged.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Wald-Michelbach District Court and assigned to the district of the Darmstadt Regional Court . On July 1, 1968, the district court district was added to the district court of Fürth and the district court of Wald-Michelbach was dissolved.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Gras-Ellenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1784: 132 souls, 28 families in 11 homes
• 1829: 324 inhabitants, 45 houses
• 1867: 403 inhabitants, 53 houses
Gras-Ellenbach: Population from 1829 to 2011
year     Residents
1829
  
 324
1834
  
 356
1840
  
 407
1846
  
 387
1852
  
 368
1858
  
 369
1864
  
 401
1871
  
 399
1875
  
 416
1885
  
 415
1895
  
 401
1905
  
 423
1910
  
 421
1925
  
 348
1939
  
 317
1946
  
 520
1950
  
 471
1956
  
 455
1961
  
 544
1967
  
 653
1970
  
 664
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2005
  
 870
2011
  
 962
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 21 Lutheran (= 6.48%), 287 Reformed (= 88.58%) and 16 Catholic (= 4.94%) residents
• 1961: 412 Protestant (= 75.74%), 123 Catholic (= 22.61%) residents

badges and flags

Banner Gras-Ellenbach.svg

coat of arms

DEU Gras-Ellenbach COA.svg

Blazon : "In the shield, which is diagonally square in blue and gold, above the stylized silver head of the Hessian lion in blue, with a red tongue and red horizontal stripes, right and left in gold a red linden leaf each and below in blue, two wavy silver bars."

The coat of arms of the Grasellenbach community was approved by the Hessian Interior Minister on August 9, 1966 . It was designed by the Bad Nauheim heraldist Heinz Ritt .

The lion's head refers to the affiliation to Hesse, the two wave bars to the numerous streams in and around Gras-Ellenbach. The two linden leaves refer to the connection of the place to the Nibelungen saga, since one of the possible places where Siegfried is said to have died is at the Gras-Ellenbacher Siegfriedsbrunnen.

flag

Together with the coat of arms, the municipality was also approved a flag, as described below:

Description of the flag: "On a wide white central strip, flanked by narrow red side strips, in the upper part the municipal coat of arms."

traffic

Gras-Ellenbach is accessible for road traffic by the state road L 3105, which runs in a north-south direction and branches off from the federal road 460 , the Siegfriedstraße, to the south into the Ulfenbachtal and leads via Wald-Michelbach to Hirschhorn (Neckar) .

literature

  • Johann Goswin Widder: Attempt of a complete geographic-historical description of the Kurfürstl. Palatinate on the Rhine. Volume 1 , Leipzig 1786–1788. ( Online at Hathi Trust, digital library )
  • Georg W. agnber: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, volume October 1 , 1829
  • Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858 ( online at google books ).
  • Philipp Alexander Ferdinand Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse by history, country, people, state and locality. Jonghans, Darmstadt 1854. ( Online at google books )
  • Literature on Gras-Ellenbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Gras-Ellenbach, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 24, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  3. ↑ 79th meeting of the specialist committee for health resorts, recreational areas and healing wells in Hesse on November 21, 2012 . In: State pointer for the state of Hesse . No. 9 , 2014, ISSN  0724-7885 , p. 187 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Müller: Hessisches Ortnamesbuch - Starkenburg , Darmstadt 1937, page 238
  5. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 206 .
  6. ↑ a b c Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the Elector. Palatinate on the Rhine . First part. Frankfurt and Leipzig 1786, OCLC 1067855437 , p. 527 f ., 6) Gros-Ellenbach ( online at googe books ).
  7. ↑ Christoph Friedrich Moritz Ludwig Marchand: Lindenfels. A contribution to the local history of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Darmstadt 1858, p. 48 ( online at google books ).
  8. ^ Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a hundred years: Abth. Germany fifty years ago . tape 3 . Voigt & Günther, Leipzig 1862, OCLC 311428620 , p. 358 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  10. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 88 ( online at google books ).
  11. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 1 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810696 , p. 472 ( online at google books ).
  12. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  13. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  14. ↑ Wolfgang Torge : History of geodesy in Germany . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2007, ISBN 3-11-019056-7 , pp. 172 ( partial view on google books ).
  15. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 342 ( online at google books ).
  16. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 32 ( online at google books ).
  17. ↑ Martin Kukowski: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt: Tradition from the former Grand Duchy and the People's State of Hesse. Volume 3 , KG Saur, 1998, ISBN 3-598-23252-7
  18. ↑ Headlines from Bensheim on the 175th anniversary of the "Bergsträßer Anzeiger". (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on October 5, 2016 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  19. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  20. ↑ Second law amending the Court Organization Act (Amends GVBl. II 210–16) of February 12, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1968 No. 4 , p. 41–44 , Article 1, Paragraph 1 g) and Article 2, Paragraph 1 c) ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 298 kB ]).
  21. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  22. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  23. ↑ Extract from the statistics of the municipality from 2005 ( Memento from July 2, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  24. ^ Approval of a coat of arms and a flag of the community Gras-Ellenbach, Landkreis Bergstrasse from August 9, 1966 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1966 No. 34 , p. 1114 , point 877 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.9 MB ]).
  25. ^ "Gras-Ellenbach" on Heraldry of the world