Saargemünd district

Basic data
State	Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine
district	Lorraine
Administrative headquarters	Sarreguemines
surface	795 km² (1910)
Residents	74,186 (1910)
Population density	93 inhabitants / km² (1910)
Communities	73 (1910)
Location of the Saargemünd district

The Saargemünd district was a district in the Lorraine district of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine from 1871 to 1920 . From 1940 to 1944 he was under the name of the district Sarreguemines as part of the occupied France built CdZ-region Lorraine set up again. Today, the area of ​​the district is essentially in the Sarreguemines arrondissement of the French department of Moselle .

The Saargemünd district in the German Empire

Administrative history

After Alsace-Lorraine fell to the German Empire as a result of the Frankfurt Peace Treaty , the Saargemünd district was formed in 1871 from the previously French arrondissement of Sarreguemines . The district director had his seat in the city of Saargemünd. The Saargemünd district thus belonged to the Lorraine district in the realm of Alsace-Lorraine. After the end of the First World War , the district was occupied by France in 1918 and, with the entry into force of the Versailles Treaty on January 10, 1920, belonged again to France as the Arrondissement of Sarreguemines.

District Directors

1871–1882 Alexander von der Goltz00

1882–1891 Sigismund von Kramer00

1891–1897 by Gagern00

1897–1902 Wilhelm Weinmann00

1902–1906 Paul Böhmer00

1906–1913 Rheinart00

1913–1915 Fleurent00

1915-1918 Flohr00

Local constitution

Initially, the French law of July 18, 1837 on municipal administration continued to apply during German times. On April 1, 1896, the previous municipal constitution was replaced and the new municipal code for Alsace-Lorraine of June 6, 1895 was introduced. It applied to all municipalities and made no distinction between those with a rural or urban constitution.

Population development

Residents	1890	1900	1910
Saargemünd district	66,527	70,799	74.186

Municipalities with more than 2000 inhabitants (as of 1910):

local community	Residents
Bitsch	4,290
Großblittersdorf	2,434
Neunkirchen	2,033
Sarreguemines	15,384

Communities

In 1910 the Saargemünd district comprised 73 municipalities:

Achen Bärenthal Bettweiler Biningen Bitsch Bliesbrücken Bliesebersingen Bliesgersweiler Breidenbach Busweiler Egelshardt Enchenberg Eppingen Erchingen Ettingen Folpersweiler Frauenberg Gibhausen Götzenbrück

Großblittersdorf Großrederchingen Grundweiler Hambach Hanweiler Haspelscheid Hottweiler Hundlingen Iplingen Kalhausen Kleinrederchingen Lambach Lviv Lengelsheim Liederscheid Lixingen Lupershausen Lutzweiler Meisenthal

Mombronn Münzthal-Sankt Louis Motherhouse Neunkirchen Renewed Nussweiler Obergailbach Ormersweiler Philippsburg Rahlingen Remelfingen Reyersweiler Rimlingen Rohrbach Rolbingen Roppweiler Ruhlingen Saareinsberg Saareinsmingen

Sarreguemines Schmittweiler Schorbach Schweyen Settingen Siersthal Stürzelbronn Addiction Waldhausen Walschbronn Wiesweiler Wittringen Wölferdingen Wölflingen near Bliesbrücken Wolmunster Wustweiler

The Saargemünd district during World War II

Administrative history

During the Second World War , Alsace-Lorraine was under German occupation from 1940 to 1944. During this time, the area of ​​the Sarreguemines arrondissement formed the Saargemünd district . A German land commissioner was installed in Sarreguemines to manage it. The district area was not annexed in the sense of international law , but was part of the CdZ area of ​​Lorraine , which was subordinate to the Gauleiter for the Gau Saarpfalz ( Westmark from 1942 ) in Saarbrücken . On April 1, 1941, the district boundaries were changed slightly. The communities of Behren bei Spichern , Buschbach (Westmark) , Dieblingen , Etzlingen , Kerbach , Metzingen (Westmark) , Nußweiler bei Forbach and Tentelingen were incorporated from the district of Sankt Avold into the district of Saargemünd and the community of Nellingen (Westmark) became out of the district of Saargemünd reclassified to the district of Salzburgen . From the same time on, the head of administration was referred to as district administrator, as in the German Reich . The following district administrators were employed during the occupation:

Land Commissioner

1940 Eduard Kern ( acting )-999900

District administrators

1940–1941 Eduard Kern00

1942 Karl Hautmann-999900

1942 Werner Heinze-999900

1942–1944 Schlessmann00

Between November and December 1944, the district was liberated by Allied forces and returned to France.

Local constitution

From January 1, 1941, the German municipal code of January 30, 1935 applied to all municipalities in the district. For this purpose, an implementing regulation was issued on February 1, 1941, according to which joint mayor's offices could be formed from several municipalities . On April 1, 1941, the district regulations for Lorraine of March 25, 1941 were introduced, according to which, among other things, the previous cantons were dissolved. The district area was last in the cities of Bitsch , Püttlingen b. Saaralben , Saaralben , Saargemünd and 63 other municipalities. Depending on their size, these communities formed their own local police districts or were combined to form communal mayorships.

Germanization of place names (1940–1944)

After August 2, 1940, the official German place names valid in 1918 initially continued to apply. On January 25, 1941, all place names were officially set in a German version, some of which differed from the one in 1918, e.g. B .:

• Baerenthal : 1918 Bärenthal, 1941 Bärental near Bitsch
• Frauenberg : 1918 Frauenberg, 1941 Frauenberg near Saargemünd
• Guéblange-lès-Sarralbe : 1918 Geblingen, 1941 Geblingen near Saaralben
• Hambach : 1918 Hambach, 1941 Hambach near Saargemünd
• Montbronn : 1918 Mombronn, 1941 Bergbrunn
• Puttelange-lès-Farschviller : 1918 Püttlingen, 1941 Püttlingen b. Saar albums:
• Siersthal : 1918 Siersthal, 1941 Sierstal
• Wiesviller : 1918 Wiesweiler, 1941 Wiesweiler (Westmark)

literature

• Georg Lang: The government district of Lorraine. Statistical-topographical manual, administrative schematic and address book , Metz 1874, pp. 140–152 ( online )
• Eugen H. Th. Huhn: German-Lorraine. Landes-, Volks- und Ortskunde , Stuttgart 1875, pp. 402-429 ( online ).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

• Saargemünd district administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of October 4, 2013.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Uli Schubert: German municipality register 1910. Retrieved on May 22, 2009 . 
2. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. els_saargemuend.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).