Montbronn
| Montbronn | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Moselle | |
| Arrondissement | Sarreguemines | |
| Canton | Bitche | |
| Community association | Pays de Bitche | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 0 ′ N , 7 ° 19 ′ E | |
| height | 238-381 m | |
| surface | 14.99 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,630 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 109 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 57415 | |
| INSEE code | 57477 | |
| Website | www.montbronn.fr | |
 Montbronn in the 20th century |
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Montbronn ( Lorraine. Mumere , German Mombronn , 1940-1944 Bergbrunn ) is a French commune in the Moselle department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ). It belongs to the Sarreguemines arrondissement and the Bitche canton and is part of the cross-border Palatinate Forest-Northern Vosges biosphere reserve .
With 1630 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), Montbronn is the third largest municipality in Bitsch Land after Bitsch and Rohrbach . The inhabitants are called in French Montbronnois , in German Mombronner and local Rhine Franconian dialect Mummerer . In this German-Lorraine regional language they are also referred to as Hätsche , Moren or Viehvolk .
geography
Geographical location
The municipality of Montbronn is located in the south of the Bitscher Land , at the transition to the Crooked Alsace , about 15 km southwest of Bitsch , 20 km northeast of Sarre-Union and 45 km southeast of Saarbrücken . The place has a share in the Northern Vosges Nature Park . Montbronn, with its modern and spacious community center that essentially stretches along two streets, is located at the transition from the Vosges to the Lorraine plateau .
Neighboring communities of Montbronn are Enchenberg in the north-west, Saint-Louis-lès-Bitche in the east, Meisenthal in the south-east, Soucht in the south, Rahling in the west and Bining in the north-west.
Districts
The districts of Hörnerhof, Lisenburgerhof, Metschbrück (sometimes also Metzbrück in German ), Mombronner Mühle, Münzthaler Mühle and Ziegelscheuer belong to Montbronn .
history
Montbronn was first mentioned in 1150 as Mabrunnen . This points to the numerous wells and springs in the district, which were the basis for the past of Montbronn as a seaside resort, which only came to an end in the 19th century. Originally belonging to the Bitsch lordship as a fief of the church of Verdun, it became part of the Lichtenberg lordship in the middle of the 13th century and became the Lützelstein county at the beginning of the 14th century . The place was then given to the knight Johann von Monbron as a fiefdom, which resulted in the Monbronn rule . With the county of Lützelstein, Monbronn came to the Electoral Palatinate in 1452 . In 1557 Montbronn became a Protestant and a center of Protestantism in the Bitscher country.
In Chronicon Alsatiae (1592) one can read the following about the Lords of Montbronn: « Those of Monbron / have shown in the shield and on the helmet / a green eagle in a white field / helmet deck green and white / have their name from the village of Monbron / so from the Palatinate to Lehenrürt / come from Monbron to Johann Sumpffen von Simern / and died as the same without male heirs / to this from Schönberg / as the same also passed away / without male heir / is such a fief of the Elector Palatinate / again Been aperture ».
In 1623 the place was assigned to Henriette, niece of Duke Henri II of Lorraine and Princess of Lixheim . In 1702 Montbronn returned to Lorraine , but remained an enclave of the Lixheim district until the French Revolution . In 1723, the glassmakers Peter Kauffelt, Valentin Strauss and Moritz Zimmermann built a small glassworks in Mombronn, which closed again after 14 months.
From 1871 until the end of the First World War , Mombronn belonged to the German Empire as part of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine and was assigned to the Saargemünd district in the Lorraine district .
From 1790 to 1802 Montbronn belonged to the no longer existing canton of Lemberg , then from 1802 to 2015 to the canton of Rohrbach , which also no longer existed, and since then to the canton of Bitche.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 |
| Residents | 1649 | 1755 | 1791 | 1743 | 1698 | 1668 | 1671 | 1630 |
politics
Municipal council
The local council in Montbronn consists of 19 council members who were elected in the 2014 local elections.
The distribution of seats in the municipal council:
| choice | Government majority | opposition | total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 15th | 4th | 19 seats |
mayor
- 1977-2020: Francis Sidot ( DVD )
- since 2020: Manuel Mayer
coat of arms
 |
Blazon : "A red-armored green eagle in gold."
According to Bernhard Hertzog's Chronicon Alsatiae, the reason was silver in the 16th century. |
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Regular bus service
From Montbronn there is a regular bus service to Bitsch and Wingen an der Moder .
| line | Line course | Tact |
|---|---|---|
| L105 | Bitsch - Schwangerbach - Lemberg - Götzenbrück - Meisenthal - Addiction - Mombronn - Enchenberg | 3 times a day |
| L134 | Enchenberg - Mombronn - St. Louis - Meisenthal - Sucht - (Meisenthal) - Hühnerschärr - (rusty) - Wingen / Moder | 2 times a day |
Road traffic
The departmental road D 83A runs through the village. Coming from Enchenberg , it crosses Montbronn and continues through Neubau ( OT von Butten and Ratzwiller ) and the Waderhof (OT von Lorentzen ) to Lorentzen. In Enchenberg, the road begins at an intersection with the D 36, which connects the former national road 62 (today D 662) from Saargemünd to Haguenau with the D 37 from Wimmenau to Bitsch , and thus Petit-Réderching with Lemberg . Shortly after the exit from Montbronn, the D 83a crosses the Moselle - Bas-Rhin border and then takes the name D 723. Shortly before the Waderhof, the D 823 begins, which connects the D 723 with the center of Diemeringen . Shortly before the entrance to Lorentzen, the D 723 joins the D 8, which connects Rohrbach with Sarre-Union .
Other important roads are:
- D 36A from the D 83a in Montbronn via Saint-Louis-lès-Bitche to the D 36 at the entrance to Lemberg
- D 110F from the D 83a in Montbronn via the districts of Hörnerhof and Mombronner Mühle to the D 662 in Rohrbach
- D 83 from the D 37 between the Breitenstein and Götzenbrück via Meisenthal , Soucht , Rahling , Schmittviller and Kalhausen to the D 33 at Kalhausen train station. It crosses the D 83a at Rahlinger Eck , immediately after leaving Montbronn.
economy
The Cristallerie de Montbronn (literally crystal factory of Mombronn ) was founded in 1930 by Joseph Ferstler and is still family-owned today. It produces elaborately valuable glass products with which it is represented at all important trade fairs in the world.
media
In the Moselle department , the Républicain Lorrain appears daily with an independent regional section Sarreguemines-Bitche for the Sarreguemines arrondissement . In addition, the Bitsch- based Radio Studio 1 broadcasts a local radio program for the Bitsch region with information from the region on the frequency 105.8 MHz . There was also a local TV station in Bitsch between 1998 and 2018 called TV Cristal . This was merged with the Saargemünder TV broadcaster Mosaïk on October 17, 2018 . As a result, the new television station, which reports daily on local and national events, was given the name Mosaïk Cristal .
Culture and sights
- St. George Church
- Trinity Chapel
- A farrier's house from the end of the 18th century with a magnificent lintel from a Rahlinger workshop
- Haus Salladin (French: Maison Salladin ), built around 1830 by the sculptor family of the same name, with a lot of sculptural decoration
- Between Montbronn and Soucht , in the middle of the woods, there is an ancient Paulus chapel that exudes fashion.
Web links
- Official website of Montbronn (French)
- Montbronn on bitscherland.fr (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b IGN map
- ↑ a b Bernhard Hertzog: Of dead Adenliche families - The sixth book of Lower Alsace . In: Chronicon Alsatiae. Edelsasser Cronick and a detailed description of the lower Alsace on the Rhine river . Bernhard Jobin , Strasbourg 1592, p. 191 (837 pp., Limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Otto Flory: The history of the glass industry in Lorraine . In: Yearbook of the Society for Lorraine History and Archeology . tape 23 . G. Scriba, Metz 1911, p. 208 (815 pp.).
- ↑ Ministère de l'Intérieur: Résultats des élections municipales et communautaires 2014 ( French ) Retrieved December 25, 2018.
- ↑ Royer Voyages: Ligne régulière Tim - ligne 105 - Enchenberg-Bitche ( French ) Accessed December 25, 2018th
- ↑ Royer Voyages: Ligne régulière Tim - ligne 134 - Wingen-sur-Moder Enchenberg ( French ) Accessed December 25, 2018th
- ↑ Le Républicain lorrain: Montbronn ( French ) Retrieved December 25, 2018.
- ↑ Agathe Plützer: Bitsch Erland . In: Alsace-Land Lothringer Heimat . tape 14 , no. 1 . Société Alsatia SA, Gebweiler 1934, p. 120 (384 pp.).