Schweyen
| Schweyen | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Moselle | |
| Arrondissement | Sarreguemines | |
| Canton | Bitche | |
| Community association | Pays de Bitche | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 10 ' N , 7 ° 23' E | |
| height | 236-361 m | |
| surface | 11.35 km 2 | |
| Residents | 315 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 28 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 57720 | |
| INSEE code | 57641 | |
 Entrance to Schweyen |
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Schweyen ( Lorraine. Schweije , historically also silence ) is a French commune with 315 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Moselle department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ). It belongs to the Sarreguemines arrondissement and the Bitche canton and is part of the cross-border Palatinate Forest-Northern Vosges biosphere reserve . The inhabitants call themselves Schweyenois .
geography
Schweyen is located in the far north of Lorraine just 1.5 km from the border crossing at Hornbach on the D 351 road from Bitche to Zweibrücken .
history
prehistory
Gallo-Roman evidence indicates settlement in the 2nd century.
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of the village as Schweien ( Middle High German for cattle herd ) comes from 1322. The place belonged was originally dependent on the castle Waldeck , which at that time belonged to the lordship of Lichtenberg . In the two divisions of the Lichtenberg rule, which took place around 1330 and 1335, Schweyen is mentioned as part of this rule . It is assigned to the part of the country of the "younger line", the descendants of Heinrich IV. Von Lichtenberg . The village was separated from Waldeck Castle by the Lords of Lichtenberg before 1405 as a fiefdom to the von Flersheim family . Since the public authority in the village was exercised by the fiefdoms, it was largely eliminated from the Lichtenberg rule, even if the lords of Lichtenberg as fiefdoms continued to have formal sovereignty. Schweyen was not assigned to any office of the Lichtenberg rule or its successor, the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg .
Early modern age
On the other hand, the von Flersheim family moved with them when Count Philipp IV von Hanau-Lichtenberg introduced the Lutheran denomination as binding in his county in the middle of the 16th century . Schweyen also became Protestant.
From 1572 there was a violent dispute between Hanau-Lichtenberg and the Duchy of Lorraine . It was about the inheritance that Zweibrücken-Bitsch had left in 1570, and also about the denominational differences (Lorraine had remained Roman Catholic ). In July 1572 troops of Duke Charles III occupied. Parts of the county. Since Philip IV was unable to cope with the overwhelming power of Lorraine, he chose the legal route. The subsequent process before the Reich Chamber of Commerce dragged on. In 1604 there was a contractual settlement between Hanau-Lichtenberg and Lorraine. Hanau-Lichtenberg ceded the village of Schweyen to Lorraine in 1606.
Modern times
After the reorganization of the French administration brought about by the French Revolution , Schweyen belonged to the canton of Breidenbach , which no longer exists from 1790 to 1801 , and later to the canton of Volmunster , which no longer exists . From 1802 to 1866 Schweyen formed an administrative partnership with Loutzviller .
During the Second World War , Schweyen was evacuated and almost completely destroyed. Today it is assigned to the canton of Bitche.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2014 |
| Residents | 334 | 313 | 289 | 300 | 306 | 311 | 311 | 315 |
Leisure and culture
There is a well-known motocross track near Schweyen.
literature
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
Web links
- Schweyen at www.bitscherland.fr (French)