Waldshut district
coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 47 ° 37 ' N , 8 ° 12' E |
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Basic data | |
State : | Baden-Württemberg |
Administrative region : | Freiburg |
Region : | Upper Rhine-Lake Constance |
Administrative headquarters : | Waldshut-Tiengen |
Area : | 1,131.15 km 2 |
Residents: | 170,619 (Dec. 31, 2018) |
Population density : | 151 inhabitants per km 2 |
License plate : | WT |
Circle key : | 08 3 37 |
NUTS : | DE13A |
Circle structure: | 32 municipalities |
Address of the district administration: |
Kaiserstraße 110 79761 Waldshut-Tiengen |
Website : | |
District Administrator : | Martin Kistler (independent) |
Location of the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg | |
The district of Waldshut ( Alemannic : Waldshuet ) is one of the four southern districts of Baden-Württemberg on the border with Switzerland . It belongs to the Hochrhein-Bodensee region in the Freiburg administrative region . The administrative seat is the district office in Waldshut-Tiengen .
The district of Waldshut was formed in the course of the district reform of Baden-Württemberg in 1973 on January 1, 1973 from the 'old' district of Waldshut and the district of Säckingen.
geography
location
The district of Waldshut in the Hochrhein region comprises parts of the southern Black Forest including the Hotzenwald , the lower and middle Wutach Valley and the west of the Klettgau .
In the south, the Rhine forms the district boundary, its largest tributaries (counting down the Rhine) are the Wutach , the Schlucht , the Schwarza and the Alb .
places
The district comprises 549 places ( towns , villages , hamlets , farms and residential areas ).
Neighboring areas
The district borders in a clockwise direction in the west, beginning with the districts of Lörrach , Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis . In the east it borders on the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen , in the southeast on the canton of Zurich and in the south on the canton of Aargau .
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2015.
history
Former territories
Until 1803 the largest part of today's district, the Hotzenwald or the county of Hauenstein , belonged to Upper Austria , together with the neighboring Frickgau, the oldest possessions of the Habsburgs . The forest bailiff , based in the forest bailiff's office, had the administrative tasks . In addition, there was the Landgraviate of Klettgau, which was initially largely part of the Habsburg family, then belonged to the Counts of Sulz and later to the Prince of Schwarzenberg , with the administration in Tiengen Castle and Jestetten Castle , ultimately from Krumau . The Landgraviate of Stühlingen , which last belonged to the Prince of Fürstenberg , was administered from Stühlingen Castle , later from Donaueschingen Castle . The county of Bonndorf and the dominion of Blumegg were directly part of the empire, but were subordinate to the St. Blasien monastery, while the monastery itself belonged to Upper Austria. On the Rhine there was the Obervogtei Rötteln around Hohentengen , which belonged to the Hochstift Konstanz . The Rheinau monastery and the Säckingen monastery also had larger possessions . None of the former monasteries exist anymore, the Marienburg monastery (1862) in Ofteringen and the Stühlingen Capuchin monastery (1927, forerunner 1743 to 1802) are newly founded.
Modern times
Between 1803 and 1806 the entire current district area came to Baden , in 1945 to southern Baden and with this in 1952 to the state of Baden-Württemberg . The offices of Waldshut, Bettmaringen , Bonndorf, Klein-Laufenburg, Jestetten, Nollingen , St. Blasien, Säckingen, Stühlingen, Schopfheim, Tiengen and Wehr were created there in today's district area (1809) . The western offices belonged to the Wiesenkreis based in Lörrach, since 1815 to the Dreisamkreis based in Freiburg and since 1832 to the Upper Rhine District . From 1813, the eastern offices were assigned to the Seekreis based in Constance. The division of office changed often in the sequence. The Wehr office was dissolved in 1813, Laufenburg and Tiengen in 1819, Stühlingen and Jestetten in 1856. St. Blasien lost its official status in 1924, Schopfheim in 1936. In what is now the district in 1936, only the offices of Neustadt in the Black Forest, Säckingen and Waldshut remained. In 1939 the Baden administrative order was transferred to the Reich-wide system of counties and administrative districts. Thus the districts of Säckingen , Waldshut and Neustadt emerged from the three remaining offices . The latter changed its name in 1956 to the Upper Black Forest district . Initially, the district of Waldshut belonged to the administrative district of South Baden .
After the end of the war in 1945, the Waldshut district became part of the French occupation zone .
During the district reform in 1973 , the new district of Waldshut was created in the new administrative district of Freiburg . At that time the old districts of Säckingen and Hochschwarzwald were dissolved and parts of them were assigned to the district of Waldshut. The other parts of both old districts were divided into the districts of Lörrach and Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald .
Schlageten from the district of Säckingen was added on January 1, 1971. On May 1, 1972, Mettenberg was temporarily assigned to the Upper Black Forest district.
On September 1, 1973, Schönenbach was reclassified to the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district. Grünwald followed on March 18, 1975 (reclassification from Bonndorf in the Black Forest to Lenzkirch ).
Since the completion of the community reform , the district of Waldshut has comprised 32 communities, including 7 towns and of these, in turn, a large district town , Waldshut-Tiengen, which is also the largest town in the district. The smallest municipality is Ibach . Since many small communities with little industry and commerce belong to the Waldshut district, it is considered one of the poorer districts in Baden-Württemberg.
Population development
The population figures are census results (¹) or official updates from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office (main residences only).
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politics
District council
The district council is elected for five years by those entitled to vote in the district. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result:
Parties and constituencies | % 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
% 2009 |
Seats 2009 |
% 2004 |
Seats 2004 |
% 1999 |
Seats 1999 |
% 1994 |
Seats 1994 |
% 1989 |
Seats 1989 |
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CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 36.2 | 18th | 40.8 | 19th | 37.5 | 20th | 41.6 | 23 | 44.2 | 25th | 40.8 | 24 | 47.6 | 26th |
FW | Free voters Baden-Württemberg | 21.0 | 11 | 22.7 | 11 | 25.3 | 14th | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Flat share * | Electoral associations | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.9 | 15th | 22.9 | 13 | 19.6 | 12 | 14.2 | 8th |
Green | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 16.5 | 8th | 10.0 | 5 | 8.8 | 5 | 7.7 | 4th | 6.0 | 3 | 7.8 | 4th | 7.7 | 4th |
SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 13.6 | 7th | 17.6 | 8th | 17.3 | 9 | 18.1 | 9 | 17.7 | 9 | 21.1 | 12 | 21.1 | 10 |
FDP | Free Democratic Party | 8.0 | 4th | 7.5 | 3 | 9.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 2 | 6.1 | 3 | 6.5 | 3 | 8.9 | 4th |
AfD | Alternative for Germany | 4.2 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
THE LEFT | The left | 0.5 | - | 1.4 | 1 | 0.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
ÖDP | Ecological Democratic Party | - | - | - | - | 1.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
REP | The Republicans | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | - | 0.5 | - | 1.2 | - | 1.2 | - | - | - |
Otherwise. | Others | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | - | 1.9 | 1 | 3.0 | 1 | 0.4 | - |
total | 100.0 | 50 | 100.0 | 47 | 100.0 | 53 | 100.0 | 53 | 100.0 | 54 | 100.0 | 56 | 100.0 | 52 | |
voter turnout | 56.9% | 49.0% | 49.2% | 51.7% | 54.3% | 66.2% | 61.1% |
* Voter associations from 1989 to 2004 not broken down into individual groups of voters
District Administrator
The district councilor is elected by the district council for a term of eight years. He is the legal representative and representative of the district as well as chairman of the district council and its committees. He heads the district office and is an official of the district. His area of responsibility includes the preparation of the district council meetings and its committees. He calls meetings, chairs them and implements the resolutions passed there. He has no voting rights in the committees . His deputy is the first state official.
The district administrators of the district of Säckingen 1945–1972:
- 1945–1949: Alfons Oswald
- 1949–1968: Otto Bischof
- 1968–1972: Otto Leible
The senior officials or district administrators of the district office or district of Waldshut since 1807:
- 1807–1819: Mathias Föhrenbach
- 1819–1834: Johann Baptist Schilling
- 1834–1846: Joseph Maximilian Dreyer
- 1846–1847: Alois Lang
- 1847–1850: Wilhelm Bulster
- 1850–1853: Anton Jüngling
- 1853–1860: Matthias Schmieder
- 1860–1867: Leopold Rieder
- 1867–1871: Gustav von Stösser
- 1871–1877: Karl Heinrich Baader
- 1877–1881: Rudolf Rüdt von Collenberg-Eberstadt
- 1881–1887: Richard Bensinger
- 1887–1889: Karl Heil
- 1890-1896: Robert Benckiser
- 1896–1902: Johann Wild
- 1902–1909: Franz Keim
- 1909–1912: Otto Seidenadel
- 1912–1920: Hermann Korn
- 1921–1931: Otto Schäfer
- 1932–1942: Camill Hofheinz
- 1942–1945: Waldemar Ernst
- 1945–1947: Joachim Straub
- 1947: Alfons Oswald (acting)
- 1947–1949: Georg Beck (provisional)
- 1949–1954: Ludwig Seiterich
- 1954–1971: Wilfried Schäfer
- 1971–1979: Norbert Nothhelfer
- 1980–2006: Bernhard Wütz
- 2006–2014: Tilman Bollacher
- since September 1, 2014: Martin Kistler
coat of arms
Divided by a silver sloping bar: at the top in green a sloping golden abbot growing from the rear edge of the shield; below in blue a golden turbine wheel. The coat of arms was awarded on December 11, 1973 by the Ministry of the Interior of Baden-Württemberg .
The turbine wheel represents the important role that electrical energy plays in the economic development of the Upper Rhine. The wave bar symbolizes the rivers Rhine , Wehra , Murg , Alb , Schwarza , Schlücht , Steina and Wutach , which run through the district. The abbot refers to the monastic foundations in the district.
The former district of Waldshut had a different coat of arms before the district reform. In a shield split by silver and red, it showed a green fir tree with a golden trunk on a green three-mountain in front, and a silver turbine wheel over a silver wave beam in the back. This coat of arms was awarded to the district of Waldshut on November 25, 1957 by the Ministry of the Interior of Baden-Württemberg. The coat of arms should indicate the main economic branches in the district, the wealth of forests and industry. With the new formation of the district during the district reform, it lost its validity.
Culture
On May 30, 2011, a third and, for the time being, last project section was completed in which visual artists from the region - including Cordula Güdemann and Kolibri - designed flags for a total of 32 points at the Waldshut district border .
Economy and Infrastructure
The district is largely characterized by medium-sized companies. 85% of the employees work in companies with fewer than 100 employees.
In the service sector, health, veterinary and social services, trade, tourism, logistics and energy supply dominate. The main focus in the manufacturing industry is metalworking, machine and vehicle construction, the chemical and textile industry as well as wood and plastics processing. With around 2,000 companies and 20,000 employees, the trade represents a strong pillar of the economy. Tourism and health care are important economic factors, especially in the Black Forest and the Upper Rhine. With 433,446 guest arrivals (2010) and 1,974 million overnight stays, the district of Waldshut is one of the most important tourist destinations in Baden-Württemberg.
STo AG has developed into the top-selling company in the district (2012).
The Volksbank Rhein-Wehra is in the district and in the district of Lörrach established.
Around 12,600 employees (as of 2011) are cross-border commuters in Switzerland, that is just under 18% of the workforce (2009: 70,400). Cross-border commuters have been taken into account when calculating the unemployment rate since 2009. The unemployment rate was 2.7% in 2015.
According to the Swiss Federal Statistical Office, 14,259 (10,366 men, 3893 women) worked as cross-border commuters in Switzerland in the Waldshut district in the first quarter. […] The Waldshut district has 78,100 employees. The population: Waldshut 170,198 (figures for 2019).
In the future atlas 2016, the district of Waldshut was ranked 183 out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany and is therefore one of the regions with a "balanced risk-opportunity mix" for the future. In the 2019 edition, it was ranked 174th out of 401.
traffic
train
The Hochrheinbahn, built by the Baden State Railway , runs along the Upper Rhine as the main line from the Badischer Bahnhof in Basel to Schaffhausen or Singen (Hohentwiel) . This reached Waldshut in 1856, from where a connecting line over the Rhine to the Swiss Koblenz AG was built in 1859 , and Schaffhausen in 1863.
Since this important line runs through the national territory of neutral Switzerland, the Wutach Valley Railway, opened in 1875/76 from Lauchringen via Stühlingen to Weizen, was extended in 1890 with elaborate engineering structures as a strategic route via Zollhaus-Blumberg into the Danube Valley. In the same year, the Bad Säckingen - Schopfheim line was also built for military reasons .
In 1907 the climatic health resort of Bonndorf was connected to the Höllentalbahn via the Kappel Gutachbrücke station .
The main line Schaffhausen - Zurich , which was put into operation by the Swiss Northeast Railway in 1897, is a specialty . Today it belongs to the Swiss Federal Railways and has three stations in the district.
This includes the following three municipalities:
Altenburg-Rheinau station has not been served since the end of 2011.
Of the 115 kilometers of rail network, 31 kilometers have been closed for regular passenger traffic:
- 1955: Lausheim-Blumegg-Grimmelshofen (-Zollhaus-Blumberg) (Wutachtalbahn, nine kilometers)
- 1966: (Kappel Gutachbrücke–) Gündelwangen – Bonndorf (seven kilometers)
- 1971: Bad Säckingen – Wehr (–Schopfheim) (Wehratalbahn, twelve kilometers) and Weizen – Lausheim-Blumegg (Wutachtalbahn, three kilometers)
Streets
By the district lead portions of the under construction A 98 and a plurality of highways, including the B 34 as part of the European route 54 of Lörrach - Waldshut-Tiengen - singing of Swiss area in Schaffhausen to the A4 and the access road to the A 81 serving B 314 from Waldshut-Tiengen- Blumberg - singing about the German area of the Randen . The B 500 from Schluchsee - Höchenschwand - Waldshut is also important. Furthermore, several state and district roads open up the district.
Airfields
In the district of Waldshut there is, in addition to the Bohlhof glider airfield, a small airfield, the Rickenbach-Hütten glider airfield . The Reiselfingen glider airfield is close to the district boundary. The Schmerlat airfield is also outside the district near Neunkirch in Switzerland .
Border with Switzerland
The border with Switzerland is an essential part of the structure of the Waldshut district, it has a long history that connects and divides. During the First World War and the Second World War, it was particularly secured by the occupation of the border . Switzerland's border fortifications are still visible today .
Even after Switzerland has joined the Schengen Agreement , the state border between Switzerland and Germany will be monitored. The movement of goods between the Swiss customs area and the EU customs area is controlled . This is done by the Swiss Border Guard and the Federal Customs Administration.
The border crossing is regulated at the border crossings mostly via the Rhine bridges and through the customs clearance systems. The customs crossings between Waldshut-Tiengen - Koblenz, Bad Säckingen - Stein, Laufenburg (Baden) - Laufenburg (Switzerland), Hochrheinbrücke , Rheinheim - Bad Zurzach, Hohentengen am Hochrhein - Kaiserstuhl, Erzingen - Trasadingen, Jestetten - Neuhausen are relevant for the Waldshut district , Lottstetten - Rafz and Stühlingen - Schleitheim.
District facilities
The district of Waldshut is responsible for the following vocational schools : Commercial schools Bad Säckingen, commercial schools Waldshut-Tiengen, Rudolf-Eberle-Schule (commercial schools) Bad Säckingen, commercial schools Waldshut-Tiengen, home economics schools Bad Säckingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Schule (Home economics schools) Waldshut-Tiengen, also the following special educational and advisory centers : Martin-Gerbert-Schule Bonndorf (funding focus learning), Rudolf Graber school Bad Säckingen (funding focus learning), Langenstein-Schule Waldshut-Tiengen (funding focus learning), Langenstein School Waldshut-Tiengen (special focus on language), Waldtorschule Waldshut-Tiengen (special focus on learning), running school Laufenburg (special focus on intellectual development), Carl-Heinrich-Rösch school with Waldshut-Tiengen school kindergarten (specialty on intellectual development) and Waldshut kindergarten with school kindergarten -Tiengen (funding focus physical and mo toric development).
Other schools in the Waldshut district are:
- Scheffel-Gymnasium Bad Säckingen
- Hochrhein-Gymnasium Waldshut
- Klettgau-Gymnasium Tiengen
- Alemannenschule Wutöschingen (with upper school level)
- Realschule Stühlingen
- Jestetten secondary school
- Werkrealschule Rheinheim
- Werkrealschule Erzingen
- Schlüchttal-Schule Grafenhausen and Ühlingen-Birkendorf , Werkrealschule with elementary school
- Education center Bonndorf with secondary school and Werkrealschule
- College St. Blasien (private school)
- Gustav Siewerth Academy (private school)
- Free Waldorf School Dachsberg (private school)
- Justus von Liebig School in Waldshut
The district of Waldshut is the sole shareholder of the hospital in Waldshut called Klinikum Hochrhein after the Bad Säckingen hospital was closed at the end of 2017. A Hochrhein Health Park in Albbruck has been in the planning process as a central clinic since 2020 .
The Loreto Hospital in Stühlingen still exists . The district also operates a nursing home in Jestetten in the form of its own business .
The district office of Waldshut (including branch offices and own operations) has become the largest employer in the district on January 1, 2005 after the integration of the special authorities.
The district archive of the Waldshut district in Albbruck has existed since July 1, 1991 .
energy
There are three 380 kV substations in Tiengen, Gurtweil, Kühmoos and five pumped storage plants in Waldshut, Witznau, Häuser, Wehr and Bad Säckingen in the district. Environmentally friendly energy is generated in river power plants on the Upper Rhine and on smaller rivers. The wind power is used in Bonndorf.
gastronomy
Traditional inns in the district are with documentary evidence ...
- Gasthaus Adler (Lauchringen) in the Habsburg land register 1303/08.
- Gasthaus Der Engel (Rheinheim) in a contract signed by the Diocese of Constance in 1497. It is located on a route taken by the Jacob pilgrims through the district.
- Gasthaus Adler (houses) uncertain in the allocation of table rights in 1596, secured in 1784
Communities
(Residents on December 31, 2018)
Municipalities before the district reform
Before the district reform on January 1, 1973 or before the community reform, the (old) district of Waldshut had a total of 81 communities since 1936 , including the three cities of Stühlingen, Tiengen (Upper Rhine) (from September 3, 1964 Tiengen / Hochrhein ) and Waldshut.
On March 7, 1968, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg set the course for a community reform . With the law to strengthen the administrative power of smaller municipalities , it was possible for smaller municipalities to voluntarily unite to form larger municipalities. The beginning in the old district of Waldshut was made by the municipality of Immeneich, which merged on July 1, 1971 with the municipality of Schlageten, district of Säckingen, to form the new municipality of Albtal, which thus belonged entirely to the district of Waldshut, which expanded accordingly. In the period that followed, the number of municipalities steadily decreased until the district of Waldshut was finally dissolved in 1973 or merged into the enlarged district of Waldshut.
The largest municipality in the old district of Waldshut was the district town of Waldshut. The smallest community was Staufen.
The old district of Waldshut included last an area of 590 square kilometers, and had in the census in 1970 a total of 71,975 inhabitants.
The table shows the population development in the old district of Waldshut up to 1970. All population figures are census results.
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In the table, the municipalities of the old district of Waldshut are before the municipal reform. All communities still belong to the Waldshut district today.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign WT when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today.
Until the 1990s, vehicles from the old district of Säckingen received license plates with the letter pairs AA to KY and the numbers from 100 to 999.
The previous SÄK distinguishing mark of the district of Säckingen has not yet been reintroduced.
literature
- The state of Baden-Wuerttemberg - official description according to districts and municipalities (in eight volumes); Edited by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives Department; Volume VI: Freiburg administrative region; Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2
- Harald Huber: Book of arms of the district Waldshut . Südkurier, Konstanz 1982, ISBN 3-87799-018-5 .
Web links
- Website of the district of Waldshut
- Literature from and about the Waldshut district in the catalog of the German National Library
- Link catalog on the subject of the Waldshut district at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Survey of land according to type of actual use in 2015
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 505, 522 ff .
- ↑ a b Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office: Final results of the district council elections 2019, Waldshut district. Retrieved October 29, 2019 .
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg: Distribution of votes in the district assembly elections 1989–2009 ( Memento from September 3, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg: Distribution of seats in the district assembly elections 1989–2009 ( Memento from September 3, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Project "Show the flag" , 2009 ( Memento from April 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), on landkreis-waldshut.de
- ^ Project "Show the flag" , 2010 ( Memento from April 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), on landkreis-waldshut.de
- ^ Project “Show the flag” , 2011 ( Memento from April 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), on landkreis-waldshut.de
- ↑ Statistics 2016 ( Memento from September 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (pdf; 1.76 MB)
- ↑ Michael Neubert: Figures for cross-border commuters on the Upper Rhine , Albbote, May 16, 2020.
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
- ↑ PROGNOS future atlas. Handelsblatt, accessed on December 10, 2019 .
- ^ Website Luftsportgemeinschaft Hotzenwald e. V.
- ^ Website Segelfluggruppe Schaffhausen
- ^ New construction of the Laufenburg customs facility ( Memento from September 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), project description by Schleith GmbH
- ↑ Address on the website of the district of Waldshut ( Memento from January 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).