District of Schwäbisch Gmünd
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Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ' N , 9 ° 50' E |
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| Basic data (as of 1972) | ||
| Existing period: | 1938-1972 | |
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | North Württemberg | |
| Administrative headquarters : | Schwäbisch Gmünd | |
| Area : | 455 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 111,412 (May 27, 1970) | |
| Population density : | 245 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| License plate : | GD | |
| Circle key : | 08 1 45 | |
| Circle structure: | 36 municipalities | |
| Location of the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd in Baden-Württemberg | ||
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The district of Schwäbisch Gmünd (until 1941 district of Gmünd ) was a district in Baden-Württemberg , which was dissolved in the course of the district reform on January 1, 1973 .
geography
location
The district of Schwäbisch Gmünd was in the east of Baden-Württemberg.
Geographically, he had a share in the Swabian-Franconian Forest and the eastern Rems Valley . The Rems , a tributary of the Neckar , flowed through the southern district in an east-west direction.
Neighboring areas
Its neighbors were in 1972 clockwise beginning in the north of Backnang , Aalen , Heidenheim , Göppingen and Waiblingen .
history
Before 1800, the area of the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd belonged to various domains, including Württemberg and the imperial city of Gmünd . In 1803 the whole area came to Württemberg, where from 1806 it belonged to the regional offices of Gmünd and Welzheim (Schorndorf district) and Aalen and Gaildorf (Ellwangen district). In 1810 the offices of Gmünd and Lorch (later Welzheim) were created within the Landvogtei on the Fils and Rems and Aalen and Gaildorf within the Landvogtei am Kocher. In 1819 the four regional offices of Gmünd, Welzheim, Aalen and Gaildorf belonged to the Jagstkreis . In 1934 the administrative districts became districts and in 1938 the Gmünd district emerged from the previous Gmünd district and parts of the Aalen, Gaildorf and Welzheim districts. Since May 2, 1941, at the request of District Administrator Hoß, the district has been called district Schwäbisch Gmünd in order to avoid confusion with the district of Gmünd in the Niederdonau district . The city of Schwäbisch Gmünd was given its current name as early as 1934.
After the formation of the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952, the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd belonged to the administrative district of North Württemberg . As a result of the municipal reform from 1970 onwards, the district area changed in two cases. On September 1, 1971, the community of Untergröningen was incorporated into the community of Abtsgmünd , district of Aalen , and thus left the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd. On April 1, 1972, the municipality of Maitis was incorporated into the city of Göppingen and, accordingly, into the district of Göppingen. As early as 1968, several exclaves belonging to the Pfahlbronn community had been incorporated into the city of Welzheim and thus separated from the Schwäbisch Gmünd district.
With effect from January 1, 1973, the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd was dissolved. Its communities were mainly assigned to the newly formed Ostalbkreis , which became the legal successor to the Schwäbisch Gmünd district. Three communities came to the Rems-Murr district .
Population development
All population figures are census results.
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politics
District Administrator
The district councils of the district Schwabisch Gmund 1928-1972:
- 1929–1945: Max Hoß
- 1945–1961: Konrad Burkhardt
- 1961–1972: Friedrich Karl Röther
The Oberamtmen of the former Oberamt Gmünd from 1806 to 1929 are shown in the article Oberamt Gmünd .
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd showed a red-tongued black lion in gold. The coat of arms was awarded to the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd on April 19, 1955 by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior .
The Staufer lion stands for the earlier affiliation of a large part of the district area to the Staufer ancestral area , the nucleus of which is the future city of Lorch.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Railway lines in the former district are the Remsbahn , the Obere Kochertalbahn , which is no longer in operation, and the dismantled Hohenstaufenbahn and Heubachbahn lines .
There was no federal motorway running through the district . Therefore it was only opened up by the federal highway 29 and several state and district roads.
Communities
From 1938 onwards, 37 municipalities initially belonged to the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd, including three towns. In 1939 the communities of Unterböbingen and Oberböbingen were merged to form the community of Unterböbingen. Their name was changed in 1957 to the municipality of Böbingen an der Rems . In 1959 the community of Bettringen was incorporated into the city of Schwäbisch Gmünd. So there were only 35 churches left.
On March 7, 1968, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg set the course for a community reform . With the law to strengthen the administrative power of smaller municipalities , it was possible for smaller municipalities to voluntarily unite to form larger municipalities. The beginning in the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd was made on January 1, 1969 by the municipality of Herlikofen , which was incorporated into the city of Schwäbisch Gmünd. In the period that followed, the number of communities steadily decreased until the district of Schwäbisch Gmünd finally became part of the Ostalb district on January 1, 1973 .
The largest municipality in the district was the district town of Schwäbisch Gmünd , which has been a major district town since April 1, 1956 . The smallest community was Obergröningen .
In the table, the municipalities of the Schwäbisch Gmünd district are before the municipal reform. The population figures refer to the census results in 1961 and 1970.
Footnote:
1 Bettringen was incorporated into the city of Schwäbisch Gmünd as early as 1959. The stated number of inhabitants relates to the year 1956 .
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign GD when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It was issued until December 31, 1972. It has been available in the Ostalb district since February 25, 2013 due to license plate liberalization .
literature
- Konrad Theiss, Hermann Baumhauer (ed.): District and town of Schwäbisch Gmünd . Verlag Heimat und Wirtschaft, Aalen 1959
Web links
- District of Schwäbisch Gmünd Administrative history and the district administrators on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of November 24, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Werner Kaufmann-Bühler: “ 160 Years of the Schwäbisch Gmünd District ” in “ 10 Years of Einhorn Schwäbisch Gmünd 1953-1963 ”, Einhorn-Verlag Eduard Dietenberger KG, Schwäbisch Gmünd 1963, p. 25
- ↑ Gmünder Stadt- und Kreischronik , in einhorn. Illustrated homeland and culture magazine for the city and district of Schwäbisch Gmünd , No. 86, Eduard Dietenberger KG, Schwäbisch Gmünd, April 1968
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 455 f .
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