District of Heidelberg
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Coordinates: 49 ° 20 ' N , 8 ° 45' E |
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| Basic data (as of 1972) | ||
| Existing period: | 1938-1972 | |
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | North Baden | |
| Administrative headquarters : | Heidelberg | |
| Area : | 487 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 182,027 (May 27, 1970) | |
| Population density : | 374 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| License plate : | HD | |
| Circle key : | 08 2 33 | |
| Circle structure: | 52 municipalities | |
| Location of the district of Heidelberg in Baden-Württemberg | ||
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The district of Heidelberg was a district in Baden-Württemberg , which was dissolved in the course of the district reform on January 1, 1973 . His area was completely absorbed in the newly formed Rhein-Neckar district .
geography
location
The district of Heidelberg was in the northwest of Baden-Württemberg .
Geographically, he had a share in the northern Kraichgau , the Odenwald and the Upper Rhine Plain . Heidelberg as a district seat itself did not belong to the district of Heidelberg, but had been an urban district since 1939 . The district seat was thus on the northwestern edge of the district and separated Eppelheim as an exclave from the rest of the district.
Neighboring areas
Its neighboring districts were the beginning of 1972 in a clockwise direction , starting in the east, the counties Book , Mosbach , Sinsheim , Bruchsal , Mannheim and the city of Heidelberg (all Baden-Württemberg), and the districts mountain road and Erbach (both in Hesse). The municipality of Eppelheim formed an exclave of the district area, it only bordered the city of Heidelberg and the district of Mannheim.
history
Before 1803 the area of the district of Heidelberg belonged mainly to the Electoral Palatinate . With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss it came to the Electorate of Baden , which was elevated to the Grand Duchy in 1806 . The Heidelberg city office and the offices and district offices of Oberheidelberg, Unterheidelberg and Neckargemünd were established in the later district area . The offices of Ober- and Unterheidelberg were combined to form the Heidelberg Landamt in 1813, and in 1826 this merged with the Heidelberg City Office to form the Heidelberg Oberamt . In 1813 the Eberbach District Office was established , which, like the neighboring Sinsheim District Office, was the Grand Ducal-Badisch-Fürstlich-Leiningisches District Office from 1840 to 1849 . In 1857 the Neckargemünd district office was dissolved and its area was assigned to the Eberbach district office, but in 1863 the western part was attached to the Heidelberg Oberamt. There were thus only the district offices of Heidelberg and Eberbach, which belonged to the state commissioner district of Mannheim . In 1924 the Eberbach district office was also dissolved. Several of his communities were assigned to the Heidelberg district office. In 1939, the district of Heidelberg was created through the law on district self-government in Baden (district regulation) , in which the previous district offices of Heidelberg and Wiesloch were merged.
After the formation of the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952, the district of Heidelberg belonged to the administrative district of North Baden . As a result of the municipal reform in 1970, the district area changed in one case. On January 1, 1972, the Altenbach community was incorporated into the Schriesheim community and thus belonged to the Mannheim district .
With effect from January 1, 1973 the district of Heidelberg was dissolved. His area was completely absorbed in the newly formed Rhein-Neckar district , which became the legal successor and which on January 1, 1975 finally handed over the municipality of Ziegelhausen in the former Heidelberg district to the city of Heidelberg .
Population development
All population figures are census results.
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politics
District Administrator
The senior officials or district administrators of the district office or district of Heidelberg from 1826 to 1972:
- 1826–1828: Ludwig Wild
- 1828–1830: August Siegfried Freiherr von Fischer
- 1831–1836: Ludwig Friedrich Eichrodt
- 1836–1844: Wilhelm Deurer
- 1844: Georg von Vogel
- 1844–1846: Karl Ludwig Böhme
- 1847–1849: Carl von Neubronn
- 1849-1851: Alois Lang
- 1851–1852: August Eichrodt
- 1852–1853: Marianno von Uria-Sarachaga
- 1853–1861: Ludwig Adolph Wilhelmi
- 1861–1864: Ludwig Wilhelm Feucht
- 1864–1866: Ludwig Renk
- 1866–1869: Franz Ludwig Stösser
- 1869–1876: Albert Frech
- 1876–1878: Otto Flad
- 1878–1891: Otto von Scherer
- 1891–1902: Heinrich Pfister
- 1902–1908: Julius Becker
- 1908-1922: Philipp Jolly
- 1923–1933: Hermann Kiefer
- 1933–1945: Otto Naumann
- 1945–1946: Hermann Specht (provisional)
- 1946–1947: Erich Reimann
- 1947–1954: Herbert Klotz
- 1954–1972: Georg Steinbrenner
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the district of Heidelberg showed in a split shield in front in black a red armored, red crowned and red-tongued golden lion turned to the left, behind in silver a continuous, cut blue cross. The coat of arms was awarded to the district of Heidelberg on April 18, 1966 by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior.
The majority of the district (41 communities) belonged to the Electoral Palatinate . Therefore, the electoral-Bavarian lion is shown. The cross stands for the former prince-bishopric of Speyer , to which 10 communities belonged until 1803.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The federal motorway 5 Frankfurt-Karlsruhe ran through the district area from north to south and the A 6 grazed the district area in the south . Furthermore, the federal highways 3 , 45 and 37 run through the district area.
Communities
From 1938 onwards, there were initially 52 municipalities in the Heidelberg district, including 5 towns.
On March 7, 1968, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg set the course for a community reform . With the law to strengthen the administrative power of smaller municipalities , it was possible for smaller municipalities to voluntarily unite to form larger municipalities. On January 1, 1972, several communities in the Heidelberg district merged, so that the number of communities was reduced.
The largest municipality in the district was the city of Eberbach . The smallest communities were Moosbrunn (in 1961) and Brombach (in 1970).
In the table, the municipalities of the district of Heidelberg are before the municipal reform. All municipalities except Ziegelhausen are now part of the Rhein-Neckar district, Ziegelhausen is part of the Heidelberg city district. The population figures refer to the census results in 1961 and 1970.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive HD sign when the license plates still valid today were introduced . It is issued in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis and in the city of Heidelberg to this day.
literature
- State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): The city and districts Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description .
- Vol. 1: General part . Karlsruhe 1966
- Vol. 2: The city of Heidelberg and the municipalities of the district of Heidelberg . Karlsruhe 1968
- Vol. 4: Maps, tables and bibliography . Karlsruhe 1970
- 50 years of the district council. Elections, MPs, balance sheets 1946–1996 . Heidelberg 1996. ISBN 3-932102-00-2 . Volume 1 of the book series of the RNK "Building blocks for district history".
- Albert Neckenauer : The office of the district administrator through the ages . Issued from the estate of the first district administrator in the Rhein-Neckar district. Heidelberg 1999. ISBN 3-932102-05-3 . Volume 4 of the RNK book series "Building blocks for district history". (and at the same time the last of the Heidelberg district)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 475 .
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Basking | Backnang | Baden-Baden | Balingen | Biberach | Boeblingen | Bruchsal | Book | Bühl | Calw | Crailsheim | Donaueschingen | Ehingen | Emmendingen | Esslingen | Freiburg (city) | Freiburg (State) | Freudenstadt | Friedrichshafen | Göppingen | Hechingen | Heidelberg (city) | Heidelberg (Country) | Heidenheim | Heilbronn (city) | Heilbronn (Land) | Black Forest | Horb | Karlsruhe (city) | Karlsruhe (State) | Throat | Constance (city) | Constance (Country) | Künzelsau | Lahr | Leonberg | Loerrach | Ludwigsburg | Mannheim (city) | Mannheim (State) | Mergentheim | Mosbach | Muellheim | Münsingen | Neustadt | Nürtingen | Offenburg | Öhringen | Pforzheim (city) | Pforzheim (Country) | Rastatt | Ravensburg | Reutlingen | Rottweil | Säckingen | Saulgau | Schwäbisch Gmünd | Schwäbisch Hall | Sigmaringen | Sinsheim | Stockach | Stuttgart | Tauberbischofsheim | Tettnang | Tübingen | Tuttlingen | Überlingen | Ulm (city) | Ulm (State) | Vaihingen | Villingen | Villingen-Schwenningen | Waiblingen | Waldshut | Cheeks | Wolfach