Tairnbach
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Tairnbach
community Muehlhausen
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| Height : | 182 m |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 |
| Postcodes : | 69240, 69242 |
| Area code : | 06222 |
Tairnbach (also called Dambach in the dialect) is a district of the municipality of Mühlhausen in Baden-Württemberg . The village in the Kraichgau hill country, which was once owned by the nobility, has around 1240 inhabitants and was an independent municipality until it was incorporated into Mühlhausen as part of the municipal reform in 1975.
geography
The district of Tairnbach lies on the Keuperrücken of the western Kraichgau and in the indentations formed by the water body of the same name and its tributaries in a side valley of the Waldangelbach . Several springs in the area supplied the place with water of good quality until it was connected to a central water supply association in 1970. The steep slopes are mostly forested, the valley floor below the village is used as grassland. Neighboring towns are Mühlhausen , Dielheim , Balzfeld and Eschelbach . The dialect spoken in Tairnbach is a mixture of Kurpfälzer and Kraichgau dialects and has a color that differs significantly from the dialects of the neighboring communities. The village stream, now called Tairnbächle , was probably the namesake for the settlement. The front part of the name tairn is the Celtic name for lake or body of water. It survived the centuries of Roman times and the migration of peoples. The rear part of the name bach / bächle may not have been added until the Franconian period.
history
The place is documented for the first time around 1300 as "Dierendenbach" and belonged to the Lords of Hirschhorn from before 1411 to 1632 , then their heirs, the von Sternenfels . The village, which belongs to the knightly canton of Odenwald, came to the Schertel von Burtenbach through marriage . The Barons d´Outrepont, who immigrated from France in the 17th century and who were wealthy on the Hessian Bergstrasse, acquired the place in 1735 and built the Tairnbach Castle with a residential tower instead of a mansion from the Hirschhorn era in 1736, after they had Germanized their name in Ueberbruck von Rodenstein . The place was part of the knightly canton of Odenwald .
The Ueberbruck also acquired the nearby Sternweilerhof in 1740, which existed as a monastic property (a so-called grangie) as early as the 14th century and was mostly leased to the respective Tairnbach landlords by the Schönau monastery or the Speyer diocese . Sternweilerhof initially had its own district, but the farm was abandoned and part of its agricultural area was reforested. In 1905 the district was lifted. Today only the main street, which was renamed Sternweiler Straße after the incorporation, still reminds of this part of Tairnbach's history. A Hirschhorn- and a Schertelbrunnen as well as a Rodensteiner Weg also keep the memory of bygone times alive with their names.
In 1805 Tairnbach came under Baden sovereignty, but was initially still subordinate to the Odenwälder Kreis, from 1810 to the Eichtersheim office . When the manorial conditions were dissolved in 1813, Tairnbach came to the Wiesloch office and with this in 1938 to the Heidelberg district . On January 1, 1975, the village was incorporated into Mühlhausen. The entire community is now part of the Rhein-Neckar district.
Traditionally, tobacco was planted in Tairnbach until the middle of the 20th century and many people from the town found work in local tobacco factories. The majolica factory on Eichtersheimer Strasse has existed since 1946 .
The former evangelical pastor of the community, Gerhard Höflin, has compiled and published a great deal about the history of the place from various archives. Among other things, he researched the almost forgotten history of the Tairnbach Jews who had a community with a synagogue in the village until the end of the 19th century .
Former municipal coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In blue a golden crown of leaves set with red gemstones, from which a silver grape with two silver leaves grows downwards, separated by two eight-pointed golden stars. It was awarded in 1901 by the General State Archives and its representation goes back to an illustration of a tax book from "Darm-Bach" from 1724.
Attractions
Tairnbach Castle is located in the center of Tairnbach . There was a mansion early on. This was demolished in 1736 when the castle was being built. The builders of the castle were the barons d´Outrepont, who immigrated from France and, as already mentioned above, Germanized their name in Ueberbruck von Rodenstein. In 1905 the castle and district of Sternweiler Hof were sold to the community by the widow of the last ancestor for 170,000 gold marks. A fire in 1928 destroyed the castle except for the outer walls and all of the outbuildings. The building was then partially rebuilt. The castle served as the town hall until 1975. In 2011 the castle was renovated and redesigned. Now it houses a local museum, club rooms and a citizens' hall.
Opposite the castle, on a hill, is the Protestant church . Considerable parts of its building fabric, with the exception of the outer walls, the stones of which were cut in a Tairnbach quarry, and the entire interior furnishings come from a Wiesloch church. The former Lutheran church there, which was built in 1746/47, had become superfluous when the Reformed and Lutheran churches were united in 1821 (Badische Kirchenunion ). In Tairnbach there was previously a medieval chapel mentioned in 1496.
The village, which was reformed in the 16th century, received Catholic landlords again in the 18th century with the Ueberbruck von Rodenstein, who built a Catholic chapel at the castle in 1737. This chapel was demolished after the castle fire. In 1956, today's Catholic church was built for the Catholic community that had grown due to the expellees . The Hirschhornbrunnen on Eschelbacher Straße and the Schertelbrunnen on Am Eichelberg were built in 1994.
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 487 .
literature
- The urban and rural districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim. Official district description. Volume II. - The city of Heidelberg and the municipalities of the Heidelberg district , Schwetzingen 1968
