Nut hole

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 19 '  N , 8 ° 42'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Karlsruhe
County :	Rhein-Neckar district
Height :	100-317 m above sea level NHN
Area :	13.59 km 2
Residents:	11,325 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	833 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	69226
Area code :	06224
License plate :	HD
Community key :	08 2 26 060
Address of the municipal administration:	Sinsheimer Strasse 19 69226 Nussloch
Website :	www.nussloch.de
Mayor :	Joachim Förster (independent)
Location of the municipality of Nussloch in the Rhein-Neckar district

Nußloch is a municipality in the Rhein-Neckar district in Baden-Württemberg . Nussloch is about ten kilometers south of Heidelberg on the southern Bergstrasse and Baden Wine Route.

geography

location

The municipality belongs to the Rhine-Neckar metropolitan region and extends between 105 and 317 meters in height. It has a share in four different natural spaces and offers a varied landscape. The historically grown Nußloch is located on the southern foothills of the Bergstrasse and, with its southern settlement, commercial and leisure areas created in the 1990s, is based on the once swamped edge of the ditch (Lichtenau) of the northern Upper Rhine plain. In the north there are the foothills of the Kleiner Odenwald , in the south-east that of the northern Kraichgau . The Leimbach flows to the west of Nussloch . In the pre-industrial times, two mills used its water power. Roughly parallel to its course, which has been changed several times by humans, the rise to the tertiary foothills zone belonging to the Kraichgau rises in the east . The whole area looks like a terrace (former vineyards) and carries the settlement areas in Markgrafenstraße, Panoramastraße and Rheinblick (mostly residential buildings) that were created after the Second World War . After the foothill zone, the wooded, steep rise of the main fault, which becomes lower towards the south, follows. There is shell lime in good quality here. In the north of the municipality, the steep rise with its deciduous forests (mostly beech) is preceded by a narrow strip of younger, post-glacial loess loam. There is red sandstone underneath .

The district of Maisbach, which belongs to Nussloch, is located about two kilometers east in a valley cut in the middle of the Kraichgau hill country. The original landscape in the area of ​​Stupfelberg, Baiertaler Weg and Ameisenbuckel was completely changed by the large shell limestone quarry of today's building materials company HeidelbergCement , which initially penetrated from Bergstrasse in a narrow incision through the Schneckenberg into the Kraichgau. The surrounding fertile soils of parabrown earth and colluvium were largely lost in the Nussloch district. The mighty, exposed limestone cliffs within the quarry offer deep insights into the geology and landscape history of the northern Kraichgau. In karstified crevices and corridors you can find the typical lead - zinc mineralization (so-called Galmeien ), as offshoots of the ore deposits that were intensively used in the Nussloch and Wiesloch mining in the 14th and 17th centuries.

The district areas north of the quarry are densely forested. Here are thick packages of loess or loess loam, which were blown in by strong westerly winds after the Ice Age and deposited on the slopes. The well-known “White Cave”, a ravine with up to 8 m high steep walls made of light-colored, bleached loess gives an impression of this.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities, starting clockwise in the north, are Leimen , Wiesloch , Walldorf and Sandhausen .

Community structure

The community of Nußloch includes the locality Maisbach (Nußloch) , with the Neurott estate and the houses Erzwäsch and Fischweiher (today: Nußloch goat cheese farm). In the municipality there are remains of the abandoned village Graubrunnen mentioned in 867 .

history

Early history

Nussloch is first mentioned in the Lorsch Codex in a document dated December 31, 766 on the occasion of the donation of a vineyard to the Lorsch Abbey. In the high Middle Ages there were two castles with different ownership structures near Nussloch. As owners, u. a. the Lords of Lichtenau and the Lords of Weinsberg . In 1259 and 1269 the place passed from these to the Electoral Palatinate and belonged there to the Kirchheimer Zent . The local rule had been with the barons of Bettendorf since the 15th century .

The place fell into the feud between the Count Palatine and the Roman-German King Albrecht I in 1301 and was affected by the Palatinate War in 1462, but was spared in the Peasants' War . In the Thirty Years' War almost the entire population to have been carried off. The Maisbach, first mentioned as a Musebach in 1249 , was completely depopulated from 1648 to 1653. Elector Karl Ludwig settled Swabians, Bavaria, Tyroleans and Swiss from 1651. The place was devastated again in the French Wars from the end of the 17th century.

19th century

In 1803 Nussloch came to Baden , and in the 19th century a certain economic boom began. Around 1870 a few cigar factories and mining, especially the extraction of gypsum for the cement works originally planned in Nussloch, but then built in Leimen in 1896, created several hundred jobs.

20th century

Politically, the National Liberals were the strongest before the First World War , before they were overtaken by the Social Democrats . Due to the split in the left, at times only the KPD was in the municipal council, the center became the strongest party in the late phase of the Weimar Republic , until the NSDAP finally received the most votes.

In 1935 Maisbach was merged with Ochsenbach . Just two years later, the community was dissolved again and Maisbach was incorporated into Nussloch on April 1, 1937.

On March 31, 1945, the Americans marched into Nussloch, coming from Leimen. The town hall, 24 residential buildings and a factory burned down. After the Second World War , the place experienced a significant increase in population due to numerous refugees and expanded considerably through the designation of new building areas. From now on, as in most municipalities in Baden-Württemberg, the CDU was politically dominant.

When the district of Heidelberg was dissolved in 1973 , Nussloch came to the newly created Rhein-Neckar district .

Fountain on the Lindenplatz

Population development

year	1577	1777	1834	1875	1905	1939	1961	1965	1970	1987	1991	1995	2005	2015
Residents	930	1,023	2,055	2,872	3,375	4,052	6,207	7,063	7,893	8,987	9,814	10,231	10,793	10,910

politics

Town hall with Protestant church

Old school house

Catholic parish church of St. Laurentius

Municipal council

The municipal council of Nussloch has 18 elected members according to the municipal regulations of Baden-Württemberg. In addition, the mayor comes as the voting chairman of the council.

The 2019 local elections led to the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):

Municipal Council 2019
Political party	be right	Seats
CDU	29.3% (−1.5)	5 seats (−1)
Green	28.5% (+9.3)	5 seats (+2)
FDP / BfN	24.5% (+9.6)	5 seats (+2)
SPD	17.7% (+1.3)	3 seats (± 0)

The turnout was 64.6% (+10.3).

mayor

• 1961–1986: Hans Feil ( independent )
• 1986–2002: Ernst Bauch ( FDP )
• 2002–2018: Karl Rühl ( CDU )
• since March 1, 2018: Joachim Förster (independent)

coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In silver, a shield roughened diagonally in silver and blue, on which there is a green walnut tree with a black trunk and black roots.

The coat of arms goes back to a court seal that can be traced back to 1498 and was awarded by the General State Archives in 1898. It shows the kurpfälzischen diamonds and a walnut, whereby the arms talking points to the community name.

The flag is blue and white and was awarded by the Interior Ministry in 1965.

Partnerships

The municipality of Nussloch has had partnerships with Andernos-les-Bains in France since 1977, Nagyatád in Hungary since 2000 and Segorbe in Spain since 2001.

Neighborhood association

Nussloch belongs to the Heidelberg-Mannheim neighborhood association , whose task it is to draw up the regional land use plan.

Culture and sights

Estate of the von Bettendorff family

Town hall square with the former Lutheran church.

Material ropeway in Nussloch

Nussloch is on the Bertha Benz Memorial Route , which leads past many sights.

Buildings

The Catholic Church of St. Laurentius was built in 1756 according to plans by Franz Wilhelm Rabaliatti . The transept from 1897 replaced the polygonal choir.

The former Lutheran church, which now serves as the community library, was completed in 1783 and served as the church of the Lutheran community until 1821. With the union of the Lutherans and the Reformed to form a regional church in 1821, the building lost its function as a place of worship and was ultimately used as a warehouse and building yard. Since the renovation in 1970, the community library has been housed in the former church, including its extension, which was completed in 1986.

The Protestant church was built by the Reformed in 1812. The choir and bell tower are from the 1901 extension.

The old town hall was destroyed in 1945. The administration was then housed in the old school building before the new building could be inaugurated in 1964. In 1995 and 2017 the town hall was extensively rebuilt and renovated.

music

Numerous musical associations enrich the cultural life of the community of Nussloch.

MGV 1867 Nußloch men's and women's choir e. V.

The oldest music association in Nußloch is MGV 1867 Nußloch e. V., which now consists of a female and male choir as well as a mixed choir and is directed by Markus Zepp.

Musikverein Feuerwehrkapelle 1875 Nußloch e. V.

Initially founded as a free band, the ensemble joined the Nussloch Volunteer Fire Brigade in 1891 and has since called itself "Volunteer Fire Brigade Chapel 1875 Nussloch". In 1987 the name was changed to the current name of the club. Luca Rodrigues has been the musical director since 2017.

Singer unit 1875 Nussloch e. V.

Founded in 1875 under the name “Concordia Nussloch”, the “Liederkranz”, which no longer exists, soon split off from the still young ensemble. At that time the name “Concordia” was translated into “Singers' Unit”. The choir has been directed by Wolfgang Tropf since 1994.

KC Nussloch music train

As a department of the Carnival Club Nussloch 1960 e. V. founded, the Musikzug has a three-part training system that extends from the ABC orchestra to the school orchestra to the main ensemble. The main association is under the direction of Stephan Kirsch.

Chamber Orchestra Nussloch e. V.

The Nussloch Chamber Orchestra was founded in 1978 on the initiative of the Nussloch teacher and choir director Günter Eberhard and is almost exclusively dedicated to the classical repertoire. Former conductors were u. a. Rudolf Kelber and Richard Geppert . The ensemble has been directed by Timo Jouko Herrmann since 2010 .

Vocal cord Nussloch

The vocal ensemble vocal bande has existed as a choir of the parent-child association Apfelbäumchen e. V., the direction of the choir is Michael Leibfried.

Sports

The largest association in Nußloch is SG Nußloch 1887 Nußloch e. V. with its six departments. These include the handball, gymnastics, table tennis, athletics, swimming and judo departments.

SG Nussloch Athletics Department

The athletics department of SG Nussloch, founded in 1984, has organized the international fun run every year since 1986 .

Nussloch Riding Club

The Nussloch Riding, Driving and Horse Breeding Association (RVN) has been organizing the Baden-Württemberg International Youth Dressage Festival since 1999 . In 2007 the RVN hosted the FEI European Dressage Championships for Juniors and Young Riders .

Billiards

The BSF Kurpfalz play in the second national pool league .

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

Shell limestone quarry from HeidelbergCement in the Nußloch district

Winter Holding GmbH & Co. KG is based in Nussloch and includes several fashion companies such as Betty Barclay and employs around 900 people worldwide. Leica Biosystems, a subsidiary of Leica Microsystems , employs around 320 people in Nussloch. The company manufactures precision instruments.

In neighboring Leimen, there is a cement plant operated by HeidelbergCement , which receives raw material from the shell limestone quarry in Nussloch. The quarrying of the limestone in Nussloch began in 1899. After being crushed, the broken shell limestone is transported to Leimen with the aid of an approximately five-kilometer cable car. The now very old facility (built in 1918) has proven to be a very environmentally friendly means of transport. Before the construction of the cable car, the shell limestone was transported with two freight trains that ran regularly on the tracks of the Heidelberg tram (line: Heidelberg-Wiesloch). In the quarry itself, the broken rock is brought to the loading station of the cable car via conveyor belts.

Leimbach in Nussloch, below the Konrad-Adenauer-Ring

The Stauch brothers' clay pit and Koppertsmühle were important local companies until the 1960s. Both no longer exist. Today only the street "Behind the Mill" reminds of the location of the mill directly on the course of the Leimbach.

traffic

Nussloch is touched in the west by the federal highway 3 ( Buxtehude - Weil am Rhein ) leading in north-south direction . The federal highway 5 runs in the west and the federal highway 6 to the south .

The tram to Wiesloch, Leimen and Heidelberg was shut down in 1973. Bus routes run there today. In Leimener district St. Ilgen is the train station St. Ilgen / Sandhausen the Baden Mainline on which the Rhine-Neckar S-Bahn runs. In Nussloch there are buses with the numbers 723, 724, 726 (school bus) and 759. Nussloch belongs to the tariff area of ​​the Rhein-Neckar transport association .

education

There are two primary schools in Nussloch. Secondary schools are in the neighboring towns of Wiesloch, Leimen and Sandhausen. The community runs a library. For the youngest residents there are two Protestant and two Roman Catholic kindergartens as well as the Apple Tree Children's House.

fire Department

The Nussloch volunteer fire brigade was founded on November 1st, 1891 after the fire in the local malt house and the “Zum Löwen” inn. Today the Nussloch volunteer fire brigade consists of around 50 active rescue workers, an elderly team as well as a youth fire brigade (10 to 17 years old) and a Bambini fire brigade (6 to 10 years old). The technical equipment includes two fire engines, a turntable ladder, a commander's vehicle, two personnel transport vehicles and a logistics equipment vehicle.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

So far, Nussloch has awarded honorary citizenship seven times.

• August Ziegelmüller (1868–1953) was a choirmaster, conductor and composer
• Ehrhart Schott (1879–1968), was general director of the Portland cement works in Heidelberg
• Karl Gehrig (1894–1981), agricultural school councilor and local researcher
• Max Berk (1907–1993), founder of the Betty-Barclay group
• Hans Feil (1923–2004), Mayor of Nussloch from 1961 to 1986
• Paul Hügle (1924–2015) was a councilor for the CDU for more than three decades and first deputy mayor for 17 years
• Gerhard Rensch (1933–2017) was a councilor for the FDP / FWV and later FDP / BfN for more than three decades and was extremely committed to culture, sport and club life.

Sons of the community

• Johannes Bach (1791 – after 1849), lawyer and local politician
• Karl Freund (1882–1943), art historian
• Franz Fehringer (1910–1988), tenor
• Ernst Ditton (1912–1977), District Administrator in the district of Mosbach 1954–1972
• Willi Heckmann (* 1952), wrestler
• Martin Hoffmann (* 1959), media manager
• Markus Münch (* 1972), soccer player

Personalities who have worked on site

• Carl Eichhorn (1810–1890), theologian and founder of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Baden
• Clapeko van der Heide (* 1940), visual artist
• Ulf Hoelscher (* 1942), violinist
• Martin Grzimek (* 1950), writer
• Aytaç Sulu (* 1985), soccer player, started playing soccer in Nussloch

literature

• State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (ed.): The city and districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description .
  • Vol. 1: General part . Karlsruhe 1966.
  • Vol. 2: The city of Heidelberg and the municipalities of the district of Heidelberg . Karlsruhe 1968.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ http://hexe-vum-grobrunn.de/Ueber-uns/
3. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume V: Karlsruhe District Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2 . Pp. 387-388
4. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 2), Certificate 789, December 31, 766 - Reg. 102. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 291 , accessed on February 10, 2016 . 
5. ↑ District description, vol. 2, p. 760
6. ↑ http://www.statistik.baden-wuerttemberg.de/SRDB/Tabelle.asp?H=1&U=02&T=01035010&E=GA&A=Nu%DFloch&R=GE226060  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ^ State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg: Municipal elections 2019, Nußloch ; Municipality of Nussloch: municipal council election 2019 ; accessed June 2, 2019.
8. ↑ "Joachim Förster immediately wins the absolute majority" in the Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung December 4, 2017
9. ^ Herwig John, Gabriele Wüst: Wappenbuch Rhein-Neckar-Kreis . Ubstadt-Weiher 1996, ISBN 3-929366-27-4 , p. 92
10. ↑ Annual financial statements as of May 31, 2007 at www.ebundesanzeiger.de
11. ↑ http://www.leicabiosystems.com/
12. ↑ Clapeko van der Heide. Deutscher Künstlerbund , accessed on January 24, 2011 . 

Web links

Commons : Nußloch  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Nussloch community
• “Weisse Hohle” ravine near Nussloch
• Nussloch quarry, use of shell limestone
• Nut hole in the picture