Reilingen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 49 ° 18 ' N , 8 ° 34' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Karlsruhe | |
| County : | Rhein-Neckar district | |
| Height : | 102 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 16.35 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 7630 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 467 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 68799 | |
| Area code : | 06205 | |
| License plate : | HD | |
| Community key : | 08 2 26 068 | |
| LOCODE : | DE RII | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Hockenheimer Strasse 1–3 68799 Reilingen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Stefan Weisbrod (independent) | |
| Location of the municipality of Reilingen in the Rhein-Neckar district | ||
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Reilingen is a municipality with around 7,000 inhabitants in the Rhein-Neckar district in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
Location and natural space
Reilingen is located in the Rhine-Neckar metropolitan region in the Upper Rhine Plain between the Schwetzinger Hardt in the north and the Lower Lußhardt in the south. The Kraichbach flows through the municipality .
The district extends over 1635 hectares. 16.8 percent of this is settlement and traffic area, 38.6 percent is used for agriculture and 42.9 percent is forested.
Neighboring communities
Adjacent communities are Hockenheim in the north, an uninhabited exclave of Leimen in the northeast, Walldorf in the east, St. Leon-Rot in the southeast, Waghäusel in the south, Altlußheim in the southwest and Neulußheim in the west.
Community structure
The hamlet of Wersauerhof and the Schloßmühle house belong to the municipality of Reilingen .
history
Early history
The excavations in and around Reilingen indicate a very early settlement. This is proven by a fossil skull fragment that was recovered from a gravel pit in 1978, discovered in a museum by one of Germany's leading paleoanthropologists , dated to an age of 300,000 years and assigned to Homo erectus ("Homo erectus reilingensis") in 1991 . Against this taxonomic classification, however, the fact that the inner ear of the fossil has a characteristic that distinguishes Homo heidelbergensis and Neanderthals from the older Homo erectus as well as from Homo sapiens living today : the position of the semicircular canals of the inner ear in the temporal bone of the skull base is similar to that of the Neanderthals, while the semicircular canals of the older Homo erectus are closer to those of Homo sapiens . The fossil therefore belongs to Homo heidelbergensis .
In 1286 Reilingen was first mentioned in a document as "villa reitling". Nearby there was a Wersau Castle , which was first mentioned in 1236. Reilingen and Hockenheim belonged to the territory of the castle. In 1286, Count Palatine Ludwig II acquired the castle and both places as pledge from the Speyer Monastery . Formally, the areas continued to belong to Speyer until they finally came to the Electoral Palatinate during the Mainz collegiate feud and were incorporated into the Kirchheimer Zent . In 1689 Reilingen was destroyed in the War of the Palatinate Succession .
19th and 20th centuries
In 1803 the Electoral Palatinate was dissolved. With that, Reilingen came to Baden and was assigned to the Schwetzingen office. In 1924 it opened up in the Mannheim district office, later the Mannheim district . Politically, the National Liberals had been strongest since the founding of the Reich , before they were surpassed by the Social Democrats in 1912 . During the Weimar Republic , the center was the preferred party until it was replaced by the NSDAP in 1930 , which received 58.3 percent of the vote in the 1933 Reichstag election . During the Second World War , American troops occupied the community on April 1, 1945 without resistance.
After the Second World War , a number of infrastructure measures were implemented. In 1959 the complete canalization of the place was completed. The Friedrich von Schiller School was built in 1965 and expanded in 1976. In 1971 the multi-purpose hall was opened. As part of the district reform in 1973 , Reilingen came from the disbanded Mannheim district to the new Rhein-Neckar district . During the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg , Reilingen was able to maintain its independence and in 1975 entered into an agreed administrative community with Hockenheim, Altlußheim and Neulußheim .
Population development
In order to promote Reilingen, which was considerably decimated after the Thirty Years' War , the elector approved twelve Piedmontese families to settle in 1685 and released them from the guild obligation. Most of them left Reilingen shortly afterwards because of the Palatinate War of Succession. The population has increased steadily since the 18th century. Between 1875 and 1961 there was a doubling of the population, including 500 displaced people who Reilingen took in after the Second World War. However, due to the lack of industry and the comparatively great distance to the major cities in the region, this was the smallest increase in all municipalities in the south of the Mannheim and Heidelberg districts.
| year | 1577 | 1727 | 1777 | 1818 | 1852 | 1905 | 1925 | 1950 | 1961 | 1967 | 1970 | 1987 | 1991 | 1995 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 |
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| Residents | 175 | 278 | 637 | 850 | 1584 | 2516 | 3009 | 3878 | 4195 | 4892 | 5195 | 6077 | 6533 | 6980 | 7103 | 7139 | 7437 |
Religions
Reilingen originally belongs to the parish of Hockenheim. In 1446 the community built a chapel in honor of St. Wendelin. In 1498 the chapel was elevated to a parish church. As a parish in the Palatinate, Reilingen experienced the frequent changes of denomination within the Electoral Palatinate as an impact of the Reformation period. The church fell to the Reformed when the Palatinate church was divided in 1705. In 1788 the Catholics were able to build their own house of worship. The current church of the Catholic community was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1901/05. Today's Protestant church was completed in the late classicist style in 1819/20. In 1925 the Protestants made up the majority of the Reilingers with 55 percent. Due to the influx of displaced persons after the Second World War in 1961, almost half each were Protestant and Catholic. There is also a community of Jehovah's Witnesses in town, which also holds services in Romanes .
There were Jews in Reilingen since the 18th century. The community reached its peak in 1871 with 112 members. Afterwards there was an emigration to the cities, especially to Frankfurt. The synagogue built by Friedrich Dyckerhoff in 1840 was sold by the community , which had become too small, in 1929. Of the eleven Jewish residents left in 1933, some left Reilingen due to National Socialist persecution. In 1938, Jewish homes were attacked and devastated. The last remaining Jew was deported to Gurs in 1940 as part of the Wagner-Bürckel campaign and later murdered.
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council has 18 members and is directly elected for a five-year term. In addition, the mayor acts as the municipal council chairman with voting rights.
The last election in 2019 gave the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):
| City council election 2019 | |||||
| Political party | be right | Seats | |||
| FW | 29.5% (−2.3) | 5 (−1) | |||
| SPD | 20.9% (−1.7) | 4 (± 0) | |||
| CDU | 19.6% (−0.8) | 4 (± 0) | |||
| Green | 18.8% (+6.4) | 3 (+1) | |||
| FDP | 11.2% (−1.6) | 2 (± 0) | |||
| Turnout: 63.4% (+7.8) | |||||
mayor
The mayor is directly elected for a term of eight years. Stefan Weisbrod has been Mayor of Reilingen since June 16, 2013.
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coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In blue a silver rabbit's head, top right three eight-pointed silver stars.
The coat of arms goes back to a seal from 1719. It was drawn up in 1901 by the Baden General State Archives and accepted by the community. The meaning of the rabbit head is not clear. The colors are reminiscent of the Wittelsbach family , the ruling family of the Electoral Palatinate.
The flag is blue and white.
Partnerships
Reilingen has partnerships with the French Jargeau (since 1989) and the Italian Mezzago (since 2007).
Culture and sights
Reilingen is located on the Badische Spargelstraße and the Bertha Benz Memorial Route , which lead past many sights.
Local museum
Since 1986 Reilingen has had a local museum for rural handicrafts and trades in one of the most beautiful and oldest half-timbered houses in the community. In 1990 the community received a sponsorship award from the “Heimatpflege Nordbaden” working group as part of the “Exemplary Heimatmuseum” competition.
Asparagus and tobacco nature trail
In the spring of 1993 the Reilinger asparagus and tobacco nature trail was inaugurated in the tubs “Bei den 20 Morgen”, “Weiheräcker” and “Hoffeld”. With this educational trail, the municipality of Reilingen wants to bring the special culture tobacco, but especially asparagus, closer to everyone who is interested. Many lovers of these royal vegetables do not know the laborious form of cultivation in the most beautiful time of the year, which demands a lot of effort and strength from the asparagus farmers.
In addition, however, it should also be an advertising medium, not only to point out the domestic “fresh product” that competes with asparagus from other European and non-European growing areas, but also to highlight the advantages of a fresh product. H. Draw attention to asparagus harvested on the same day.
The asparagus and tobacco nature trail begins at the parking lot at the Reilingen cemetery with a clearly laid out route description. This is followed by five information signs describing the specialty asparagus culture, made of wood and therefore also suitable for the landscape. They are located on the asparagus fields, which are different according to age and cultivation status, and provide information about history and varieties as well as harvesting conditions. In the course of the circular route, there are two more tobacco information signs that clearly describe the special tobacco culture, which has been grown in Reilingen for centuries.
Forest festival area Heidelberger Weg
The forest festival site on Heidelberger Weg is equally popular with the Reilinger clubs and the numerous visitors. It is a joint effort of the community and the culture and sports community and has been available for large and small events since 1983. The pavilion is surrounded by seating groups.
The facility, which is well-frequented until autumn, is completed by a pergola, a fountain and various play equipment for the little ones.
Franconian courtyard
The listed Franconian courtyard in Hauptstraße 12 consists of two gable-side buildings on the street side and between them a richly designed half-timbered gates from 1810. Long sides and gables on the courtyard side are half-timbered. The well-preserved courtyard is evidence of a large farm typical of the area around 1800.
Wersau, Fröschau and Kisselwiesen
Southeast of Reilingen is the Fröschau with the Kisselwiesen, a low moor and meadow landscape in the middle of which is the once important Wersau Castle .
Reilinger See nature trail
After the gravel extraction was completed, a nature trail was built around the Reilinger See in 1989. On the circular route, display boards give an overview of the animal and plant species living in the lake ecosystem, convey the local conditions and bring those seeking relaxation closer to the importance and protection of this area. On the occasion of numerous prehistoric bone finds, a display board also deals with evidence of prehistory. After all, the Reilinger See has a unique feature. During the gravel mining in 1978, skull fragments of the Reilinger man ("homo erectus reilingensis"), a late form of the " homo erectus ", which is 250,000 to 300,000 years old were found.
Sports
The AV Reilingen was German champion in 1982 and runner-up in team wrestling in 1980 . The football club SC 08 Reilingen plays lower class. The club produced, among other things, the national player Kurt Niedermayer .
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
Traditionally, the people of Reilingen lived from agriculture . On the sandy soils of the Rhine Valley , however, traditional agriculture (cultivation of grain and root crops) is less profitable than ever. So one relied on special crops early on. In the 17th century brought Huguenots the tobacco in the Palatinate . Even today, Reilingen is one of the largest tobacco growing areas in North Baden. Asparagus was grown towards the end of the 19th century . This is how Reilingen has developed into a nationally known "asparagus community". Today, asparagus is grown by a few full-time farms and numerous part-time farmers. The plays direct marketing an increasingly important role.
Thanks to a number of efficient small and medium-sized companies from the commercial and craft sector as well as the service sector, Reilingen also has jobs on site.
traffic
The federal highway 39 (Speyer – Sinsheim) passes Reilingen to the north. The A 6 (Mannheim – Heilbronn) and A 5 (Frankfurt – Karlsruhe) motorways run to the east .
Reilingen is connected to the Rhine-Neckar bus service. In half an hour you can get to Speyer, ten kilometers away, and in around an hour to Heidelberg, 20 kilometers away . Reilingen belongs to the tariff area of the Rhein-Neckar transport association .
The surrounding 700 hectares of forest are accessible with numerous cycling, riding and hiking trails.
media
The Hockenheimer daily reports on local events . The Reilinger Nachrichten appears weekly.
education
In Reilingen there is the Friedrich von Schiller School, a primary and technical secondary school . Secondary schools can be attended in Hockenheim, Walldorf, Schwetzingen and Speyer. There are two Roman Catholic , one Protestant and one private kindergarten for the youngest residents .
Personalities
Honorary citizen
The community has granted honorary citizenship eleven times . Two from the time of National Socialism were revoked after the Second World War.
- 1907: Adolf Ritzhaupt (1840–1916), factory owner, district councilor, councilor of commerce
- 1933: Paul von Hindenburg (1847–1934), President of the Reich
- 1933: Adolf Hitler (1889–1945), honorary citizenship was revoked in 1946
- 1933: Robert Wagner (1895–1946), honorary citizenship was revoked in 1946
- 1958: Franz Riegler (1887–1965), rector, choirmaster
- 1960: Ludwig Römpert (1885–1968), mayor
- 1965: Lea Ueltzhöffer (1908–1971), doctor
- 1975: Fritz Mannherz (1903–1986), mayor, district councilor
- 2004: Helmut Müller (* 1944), mayor
- 2016: Philipp Bickle (* 1941), local historian
- 2016: Walter Klein (* 1949), mayor
Sons and daughters of the church
- Josef Krämer (1901–1991), theologian, member of the state parliament
- Erich Klaus (* 1953), wrestler, 3rd place at the 1979 World Cup, Vice European Champion 1981 Greco-Roman. Style, lightweight
- Kurt Niedermayer (* 1955), soccer player at Karlsruher SC, FC Bayern Munich, VFB Stuttgart, coach of the A-youth team at FC Bayern Munich
Personalities associated with Reilingen
- Kurt Tschenscher (1928–2014), FIFA referee, lived in Reilingen
- Kurt Eigl (* 1954), football player, started his career at SC 08 Reilingen, stations HSV, SV Darmstadt, TSV 1860 Munich, youth coach 1. FC Nuremberg
- Günter Laier (* 1961), wrestler, German team champion in wrestling with AV Reilingen 1982
- Dirk Müller (* 1968), stockbroker and banker, lives in Reilingen
- Marcel Klefenz (* 1986), football player, started his career at SC 08 Reilingen
literature
- Hans Huth: The art monuments of the Mannheim district: Without the city of Schwetzingen . Munich 1967
- State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): The city and districts Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description .
- Vol. 1: General part . Karlsruhe 1966
- Vol. 3: The city of Mannheim and the municipalities of the Mannheim district . Karlsruhe 1970
- Bernhard Schmehrer: 700 years of Reilingen . Reilingen 1984
- Rolf Schneider Family Book Reilingen 1698-1920 . Ubstadt-Weiher: Verlag Regionalkultur 2015, ISBN 978-3-89735-937-6 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 174)
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg, status: December 31, 2004 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume V: Karlsruhe District Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2 . Pp. 372-373
- ^ Alfred Czarnetzki : Nouvelle découverte d'un fragment de crâne d'un hominide, archaïque dans le Sud-Ouest de l'Allemagne. (Report préliminaire). In: L'Anthropologie. Volume 39, No. 1, 1991, pp. 103-112, fig. 6, cit. 17th
- ↑ Chris Stringer : The Origin of Our Species. Penguin / Allen Lane, 2011, p. 60. ISBN 978-1-84614-140-9 .
- ↑ https://www.reilingen.de/de/gemeinde/geschichte/im-wandel-der-zeit/ Geschichte Reilingens
- ^ Population figures up to 1950 and 1967: District description, Vol. 3 , p. 776.
- ↑ Working group for research into the history of the Jews in southern Germany and neighboring areas: Reilingen
- ↑ Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office: Municipal council elections 2019, Reilingen ; Reilingen municipality : municipal council election 2019 ; accessed June 2, 2019.
- ^ Herwig John, Gabriele Wüst: Wappenbuch Rhein-Neckar-Kreis . Ubstadt-Weiher 1996, ISBN 3-929366-27-4 , p. 99
- ↑ Reilingen data sheet on the website of the German section of CEMR , accessed on April 9, 2015
- ^ Honorary citizen of Reilingen
Web links
- Reilingen municipality
- Reilingens church in Weinbrenner style on badischewanderungen.de
- History of Wersau Castle near Reilingen
- Niedermoor Fröschau near Reilingen
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