Neidenstein

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Neidenstein
Neidenstein
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Neidenstein highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 19 '  N , 8 ° 53'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Karlsruhe
County : Rhein-Neckar district
Height : 173 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.48 km 2
Residents: 1773 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 274 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 74933
Area code : 07263
License plate : HD
Community key : 08 2 26 058
Address of the
municipal administration:
Schloßstraße 9
74933 Neidenstein
Website : www.habenstein.de
Mayor : Frank Gobernatz
Location of the municipality of Neidenstein in the Rhein-Neckar district
Bayern Hessen Rheinland-Pfalz Heidelberg Heilbronn Landkreis Heilbronn Landkreis Karlsruhe Mannheim Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis Eberbach Altlußheim Angelbachtal Bammental Brühl (Baden) Dielheim Dossenheim Eberbach Eberbach Eberbach Edingen-Neckarhausen Edingen-Neckarhausen Epfenbach Eppelheim Eschelbronn Gaiberg Heddesbach Heddesheim Heiligkreuzsteinach Helmstadt-Bargen Hemsbach Hirschberg an der Bergstraße Hockenheim Ilvesheim Ketsch Ladenburg Laudenbach (Bergstraße) Leimen (Baden) Leimen (Baden) Lobbach Malsch (bei Wiesloch) Mauer (Baden) Meckesheim Mühlhausen (Kraichgau) Neckarbischofsheim Neckargemünd Neidenstein Neulußheim Nußloch Oftersheim Plankstadt Rauenberg Reichartshausen Reilingen Sandhausen St. Leon-Rot Schönau (Odenwald) Schönbrunn (Baden) Schriesheim Schwetzingen Schwetzingen Sinsheim Spechbach Waibstadt Walldorf (Baden) Weinheim Weinheim Wiesenbach (Baden) Wiesloch Wilhelmsfeld Zuzenhausenmap
About this picture
Neidenstein Castle and the southern area of ​​the village seen from the east

Neidenstein is a municipality in the Rhein-Neckar district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Waibstadt municipal administration association and the Brunnenregion tourism region .

geography

Geographical location

Neidenstein is located in the valley of the Schwarzbach , in the northern Kraichgau , south of the Kleiner Odenwald , in the Neckartal-Odenwald nature park . The next larger cities are Sinsheim (9 km) and Heidelberg (27 km).

The castle Neidenstein lies on a north sloping gently spur a few hundred meters west of the Black Bach. The place was formed as a castle hamlet north of it. The expansion of the place took place following the topographical conditions to the northwest. The train station is located slightly to the north on the eastern bank of the Schwarzbach. All of the local industry has settled here. Further to the northeast, another residential area has also been built on Epfenbacher Berg. The old town with its directly adjoining residential areas is spatially separated from the residential area on Epfenbacher Berg by the Schwarzbach , the Schwarzbachtalbahn and the industrial area.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Epfenbach in the northeast, Helmstadt-Bargen in the east, Waibstadt in the southeast, Eschelbronn in the west and - without a common boundary - Spechbach in the north.

history

The oldest settlement finds in Neidenstein date back to the Roman era and include the remains of a Roman estate as well as the Neidenstein matron's altar , which is now in the Baden State Museum .

At the time of the Franks there was probably a farming settlement on site and in the further course of the Middle Ages the Neidenstein Castle was built on the mountain spur above today's town , which was expanded into a fortified castle in the 13th century and first mentioned in 1319 as an imperial fief of the Lords of Venningen . The place developed around the castle as a castle hamlet.

After the Thirty Years' War , the manor allowed Jews to settle, which resulted in a Jewish community in Neidenstein in the 17th century .

Until the beginning of the 19th century, Neidenstein belonged to the family of the Lords of Venningen and thus to the knightly canton of Kraichgau . The Neidensteiner line of the Venningen provided Seyfried († 1395) and Jobst († 1410) two members of the Teutonic Order and with Hans († 1478) a bishop of Basel and the founder of the university there. In 1611 the Neidenstein line of the Lords of Venningen died out with Otto Heinrich von Venningen and was occupied by the Hilsbach line. The Protestant church was built around 1700, the town hall in 1773. The village was expanded after 1750 by clearing the Hohen Bühl .

View from the castle hill in the south over Neidenstein

1806 the mediatization of the imperial knighthood principalities and Neidenstein came as an independent municipality to the Grand Duchy of Baden . There it belonged to the Waibstadt Oberamt and from 1810 to the Sinsheim District Office . The castle complex remained in the possession of the von Venningen family, who had it renovated from 1897 to 1903. In 1862 the place was connected to the railway, in 1902 the place was electrified.

During the November pogroms of 1938, the Eschelbronner SA destroyed the synagogue in Kirschgraben on November 10, under the leadership of Obersturmbannführer and Waibstadt mayor Eugen Laule . On October 22, 1940, the last 19 Jews living in Neidenstein were picked up by Gestapo officials as part of the “ Wagner-Bürckel Campaign ” and taken to a collection camp in Heidelberg.

In 1939 Neidenstein had 749 inhabitants; at the end of 1945, 980 people lived in the area due to the large number of refugees and displaced persons. Towards the end of the 1950s, several medium-sized companies settled in the village, later large-scale new development areas were designated. When the district of Sinsheim was dissolved in 1973 , the place became part of the new Rhein-Neckar district .

In December 1993 and June 1994, the lower-lying parts of the village were hit and devastated by floods from the Schwarzbach .

Religions

In Neidenstein there is an evangelical rectory and the baroque evangelical church . The parish in Waibstadt is responsible for the Roman Catholic faithful. The Catholic Church “Holy Trinity”, built in 1880, is located in Schlossstrasse.

politics

Municipal council

The local council in Neidenstein has ten seats and is elected for a five-year term. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

The 2019 local elections led to the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):

Independent citizen list 35.6% (+2.5) 4 seats (+1)
SPD 33.5% (+1.0) 3 seats (± 0)
CDU 31.0% (−3.4) 3 seats (−1)

The turnout was 70.8% (+7.1).

mayor

The mayor is directly elected for eight years:

  • 1901–1920 Karl Ziegler
  • 1920–1925 Friedrich Mayer
  • 1925–1945 Friedrich Winkelmann
  • 1945–1966 Erich Ziegler
  • 1966–1974 Otto Ziegler
  • 1974–1995 Peter Haas († 1995; in office)
  • 1996-2003 Uwe Göhrig
  • 2003–2012 Peter Reichert
  • from 2013 Frank Gobernatz

coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: In silver, three entwined red lily wands, the middle one overturned.

The coat of arms is based on the family coat of arms of the Lords of Venningen, which shows two crossed lily wands. In order to avoid confusion, the third fallen staff was added to the Neidenstein coat of arms and designed in this form in 1901 by the General State Archives in Karlsruhe .

partnership

In 1976 Neidenstein entered into a community partnership with the small French town of Vaucouleurs .

Buildings

Neidenstein Castle
  • Neidenstein Castle , built on a mountain spur, with a medieval keep and moat as well as the outer bailey area with gate towers (outer gate tower 1569) and two representative half-timbered buildings from the 16th century. A local history museum has been set up in one of the half-timbered buildings in the outer bailey, the other has a Renaissance octagonal tower from 1538. The residential building of the castle is inhabited.
  • In the area of ​​the outer bailey, the Catholic church was built in 1880 instead of a cemetery chapel from the 15th century.
  • The baroque Protestant church was built in its current form around 1700 (tower completed in 1770), but its core is probably as old as the castle. Inside the church numerous tombstones and epitaphs from the 15th to 18th centuries have been preserved, including the epitaph of Ottheinrich von Venningen († 1611) adorned with an alabaster relief and the large Baroque epitaph of the imperial general security officer Eberhard Friedrich von Venningen († 1710). The Neidensteiner Madonna found in the church's granary in 1914 probably comes from the cemetery chapel, is a work from Peter Parler's workshop and is now in the State Museum in Karlsruhe. The church was renovated in 1976.
  • Baroque town hall from 1773, renovated in 1991
  • Altort area with historical half-timbered buildings
  • Villa rustica in Gewann Buchfeld

Sports

The region around Neidenstein has a network of cycling and hiking trails.

Regular events

  • Altortfest with illumination of the castle and fireworks (every 2 years (in even years) in mid-August)
  • Kerwe Neidenstein (every year in mid-October)

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Neidenstein is located on the Schwarzbachtalbahn (Baden) ( Meckesheim - Aglasterhausen ), which is integrated into the network of the RheinNeckar S-Bahn with the S 51 line . S-Bahn trains run every 30 minutes during rush hour, otherwise every 60 minutes between Meckesheim and Aglasterhausen. In addition, there are direct connections to Heidelberg and Mannheim and a pair of trains from / to Mainz several times a day .

The Kraichgau-Stromberg Castle Tour runs through Neidenstein , a 52-kilometer regional cycle route that connects the town with the communities of Eschelbronn and Waibstadt.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Karl Ziegler, school councilor (1889–1965)
  • Dr. Max Freiherr v. Venningen (1902–1964)

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Esaias Meyer (1684–1771), Mayor of Heilbronn.
  • Helmut Beck (* 1939), First Mayor of the large district town of Sinsheim, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit on ribbon

literature

  • Christoph Bühler: Castles of the Electoral Palatinate. Bergstrasse and Neckar Valley . Heidelberger Verlagsanstalt, Heidelberg 1990. P. 107 ff. ISBN 3-89426-012-2

Web links

Commons : Neidenstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Neidenstein  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ The synagogue in Neidenstein (Rhein-Neckar district). In: www.alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved October 23, 2016 .
  3. The ordered "people's anger" in the Kraichgau. During the “Reichskristallnacht” 50 years ago, no Jewish place of worship was spared - actions by the SA and NSDAP . In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung . November 9, 1988.
  4. ^ State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg: Municipal elections 2019, Neidenstein ; Neidenstein municipality: municipal council election 2019 (PDF) ; accessed May 31, 2019.
  5. neidenstein.de: "Mayor since 1901"
  6. Kraichgau-Stromberg: Castle Tour | Vacation country Baden-Wuerttemberg. Retrieved June 21, 2020 .