Kirchheim Cent

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Kirchheim Cent 1800.

The Kirchheimer Zent , rarely also Rohrbacher Zent or Leimener Zent , was an administrative unit and a judicial district of the Electoral Palatinate . It largely comprised the places in the Rhine plain south of the Neckar between Mannheim and Heidelberg , which, as far as they were not incorporated, now all belong to the Rhein-Neckar district . The seat of the Central Court was initially in Kirchheim . He was later moved to Leimen .

The center served as a link between the government and the villages. They demanded labor and escorts, recruited soldiers for wars and levied taxes. The central court was the highest rural court and stood above the village courts. It was responsible for reprimand and blood justice .

history

The origin of the Zent is controversial in research, but it already existed in Lobdengau . From this it came to the Count Palatine near Rhine in the 13th century. In contrast to its neighbors, the Kirchheimer Zent was mentioned in documents relatively late. In 1464 a zentgrefen zu Leymheim is mentioned for the first time and in 1468 the zent zu Kirchen is mentioned. Kirchheim was the seat of the Tenth Court until around the middle of the 15th century, when it was moved to Leimen. Regarding the term Rohrbacher Zent , which was sometimes used in parallel, there are suspicions that this alluded to the residence of the Zentgrafen. The name Leimener Zent did not become common until the 18th century. Elector Friedrich I reorganized the administration in the 15th century and created the Heidelberg Oberamt , to which the Kirchheimer Zent was subordinated. With the end of the Electoral Palatinate in 1803, the Zent was also dissolved.

places

The affiliation of the places to the Kirchheimer Zent changed according to the territorial layout of the Electoral Palatinate. In essence, the later extent was already reached in the 13th century. With a few exceptions, the Electoral Palatinate exercised the respective local rule from this time . From 1410 to 1470, Hockenheim and Reilingen belonged to the Wittelsbach branch lines Pfalz-Mosbach and Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Veldenz . Mannheim was also part of the Zent until its city elevation in 1606.

In 1800, 19 villages and 5 farms as well as the Schwetzingen Hardtwald belonged to Kirchheimer Zent.

Locations: Brühl , Edingen , Eppelheim , Friedrichsfeld , Hockenheim , Kirchheim , Leimen , Neckarau , Nußloch , Oftersheim , Plankstadt , Reilingen , Rohrbach , Sandhausen , Schwetzingen , Seckenheim , St. Ilgen , Walldorf and Wieblingen .

Courtyards: Bruchhausen , Grenzhof , Pleikartsförster Hof , Rohrhof and Wersauer Hof .

literature

  • State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): The city and districts Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description .
    • Vol. 1: General part . Karlsruhe 1966
    • Vol. 2: The city of Heidelberg and the municipalities of the district of Heidelberg . Karlsruhe 1968
    • Vol. 3: The city of Mannheim and the municipalities of the Mannheim district . Karlsruhe 1970
  • Melanie Hägermann: The criminal justice system in the territorial state of the Electoral Palatinate . Dissertation: University of Würzburg 2002

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