Lobdengau

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Lobdengau was a medieval county in what is now southern Hessen and northern Baden .

geography

It stretched from Heidelberg to Weinheim and from the Rhine to Bergstrasse. In the east it moved along the Odenwald and grazed the places Dielheim and Wiesloch. In the south he came across Walldorf, Oftersheim and Schwetzingen. In the west it bordered the Upper Rhine Plain. Neckar, Rhine and Bergstrasse were his natural orientation lines. From the Odenwald in the southern area of ​​the Neckar, the Lobdengau only comprised the western edge, from the northern Odenwald it extended from Eberbach to Weinheim.

Surname

The name of the Lobdengau goes back to the earlier name of Ladenburg , which was called Lobdenburg in the Middle Ages . This name in turn goes back to the Latin name Lopodunum for a Roman settlement on the site of Ladenburg. The name Lopodunum is believed to be of Celtic origin.

The name Lobdengau can be found for the first time in a document from the Fulda monastery from 763. It was last mentioned in the Middle Ages in 1065 in a certificate from Heinrich IV. When the name was used again in research literature in the 19th and 20th centuries, it was sometimes changed to "Ladengau" based on Ladenburg .

history

The Lobdengau existed until the end of the 11th century and emerged from a Roman administrative district. Its landscape has undergone diverse changes through nature and people to this day. Up to their artificial borders, the Rhine and Neckar flowed in often changing courses. So the Neckar looked for its bed with countless side arms up to the 10th century along the Bergstrasse to Lorsch. Certain areas of the Lobdengau housed human settlements from the prehistoric periods up to the middle of the 8th century. Other landscapes, such as the Odenwald, were initially avoided and only populated from the 12th century. Settlements did not always survive, but the persistence of the settlement areas in the Rhine plain can be proven on the basis of archaeological excavations since the Bronze Age. The main town of Ladenburg has been a well-developed administrative center for the wider area since Roman times and has shaped the settlement and history of the area for many centuries.

In the 10th century, the office of count was largely carried out by the Conradins .

Counts in Lobdengau were:

  • Konrad Kurzbold († 948), Count in Lobdengau
  • Konrad, his nephew, count in Lobdengau in 953/965
  • Meingaud, his son, 987-1002 Count in Lobdengau

In 1011 Heinrich II transferred the Wingarteiba and the Lobdengau to Bishop Burchard von Worms in two diplomas issued on May 9th in Bamberg . This was confirmed by Konrad II in 1026.

The Lorsch Codex serves as an important source of the history of the Lobdengau .

literature

  • Maximilian Huffschmid: The eastern border of the Lobdengau in the Odenwalde . In: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins (ZGO), vol. 45 (1891), pp. 105–118 ( digitized version ).
  • Otfried Gebhard: New Lorsch Studies. Founders and witnesses in Lobdengau: Investigations into the population of the localities and the Gaues in the Carolingian period . Diss., University of Frankfurt am Main 1954.
  • Meinrad Schaab : Lobdengau . In: Friedrich Knöpp (ed.): The Reichsabtei Lorsch. Festschrift in memory of their foundation 764 . Hessische Historische Kommission, Darmstadt 1973, Vol. 1, pp. 539-578.
  • Fritz Trautz : The lower Neckarland in the early Middle Ages , Carl Winter Verlag, Heidelberg 1953, ISBN 3533019268 .

Individual evidence

  1. Edmund Stengel: Document book of the Fulda Monastery I n.38.
  2. Dietrich of Gladiss (ed.): Diplomata 17: The documents Henry IV (IV Heinrici Diplomata.).. Part 1: 1056–1076 Berlin 1941, pp. 218–220 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version ) No. 169
  3. Harry Bresslau , Hermann Bloch , R. Holtzmann a . a. (Ed.): Diplomata 14: The documents of Heinrich II. And Arduins (Heinrici II. Et Arduini Diplomata). Hanover 1900–1903, p. 795 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized ) index
  4. Harry Bresslau , Hermann Bloch , R. Holtzmann a . a. (Ed.): Diplomata 14: The documents of Heinrich II. And Arduins (Heinrici II. Et Arduini Diplomata). Hannover 1900–1903, pp. 262–263 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version ) No. 226 and 227
  5. Harry Bresslau with the assistance of H. Wibel and A. Hessel (eds.): Diplomata 15: The documents of Konrad II. (Conradi II. Diplomata) With supplements to the documents of Heinrich II. Hanover 1909, pp. 57–58 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version ) No. 50

Web links