District of Nürtingen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 48 ° 35 ' N , 9 ° 25' E |
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| Basic data (as of 1972) | ||
| Existing period: | 1938-1972 | |
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | North Württemberg | |
| Administrative headquarters : | Nürtingen | |
| Area : | 380 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 159,030 (May 27, 1970) | |
| Population density : | 419 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| License plate : | NT | |
| Circle key : | 08 1 43 | |
| Circle structure: | 48 parishes | |
| Location of the district of Nürtingen in Baden-Württemberg | ||
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The district of Nürtingen was a district in Baden-Württemberg , which was dissolved in the course of the district reform on January 1, 1973.
geography
location
The district of Nürtingen was in the middle of Baden-Württemberg .
Geographically, he had a share in the foothills of the Swabian Alb . The Neckar flows through the former district area .
Neighboring areas
Its neighbors were in 1972 clockwise beginning in the north Esslingen , Göppingen , Münsingen , Reutlingen , Tübingen and Böblingen .
history
The area of the district of Nürtingen belonged mainly to Württemberg before 1800 . That is why there were the upper offices of Nürtingen and Kirchheim even before 1800 , which, along with other higher offices, had shares in what was later to be the district area. From 1810 the upper offices of Nürtingen and Kirchheim belonged to the Landvogtei on the Alb. From 1818 the Oberamt Kirchheim belonged to the Donaukreis , the Oberamt Nürtingen to the Schwarzwaldkreis , both of which were dissolved in 1924. In 1934 the upper offices were renamed into circles and according to the law on the division of the federal states of April 24, 1938, the Kirchheim district was united with the Nürtingen district on October 1, 1938. Nürtingen was designated as the district seat. In 1945 the district of Nürtingen became part of the newly formed state of Württemberg-Baden , which was added to the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952 . From then on he belonged to the administrative region of North Württemberg, which included the Württemberg part of Württemberg-Baden.
With effect from January 1, 1973, the Nürtingen district was dissolved. Its communities were almost completely absorbed in the new Esslingen district, which became the legal successor to the Nürtingen district. However, the Grafenberg community came to the Reutlingen district .
The Nürtingen district archive has merged into the Esslingen district archive , which now also stores the estate of District Administrator Ernst Schaude .
Population development
All population figures are census results.
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| May 17, 1939 | 73,572 |
| September 13, 1950 | 107,535 |
| June 6, 1961 | 131,620 |
| May 27, 1970 | 159.030 |
Controversial resolution
With the district reform , several districts in Baden-Württemberg were dissolved and many district boundaries were redrawn - although factual reasons were not always decisive, but rather party-political interests. However, the dissolution of the Nürtingen district was particularly controversial. In October 1970, Gottfried Müller from the Chair for Spatial Research, Spatial Planning and Regional Planning at the Technical University of Munich presented a report that clearly opposed the dissolution of the Nürtingen district.
After the coalition of the SPD and CDU had agreed on 35 districts as a new number, a change of this number was taboo, especially for the SPD, and the CDU was very keen on the continued existence of the Künzelsau district, a union of the Esslingen and districts became Nürtingen "unavoidable".
The state parliament's "Administrative Reform" commission then proposed that after the unification of the two districts Nürtingen be made a district town. Nothing was changed in the first and second readings. But then a large barter began in the state parliament, in which several communities were pushed into other circles and finally decisions like the one to make Nürtingen the district seat of the new district were overturned. Jörg Bischoff's article "Once again a circle has died" in the Stuttgarter Zeitung on July 18, 1971 was very critical of this "political haggling".
politics
District Administrator
Country councils of the district Nürtingen 1938-1972:
- 1935–1945: Helmuth Maier
- 1945–1946: Karl Eberhardt (acting)
- 1946–1972: Ernst Schaude
The Oberamtmen from 1805 to 1938 are shown in the article Oberamt Nürtingen .
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the district of Nürtingen was under a silver shield head, inside a black deer pole, split, in front gold and black alarm clocks, in the back three gold horns one above the other in red. The coat of arms was awarded to the district of Nürtingen on November 28, 1949 by the state government of Württemberg-Baden.
The stag pole is the symbol of Württemberg, the hunting horn that of the Lords of Neuffen and Urach and the Wecken stand for the Counts and Dukes of Teck . In the past, they all essentially dominated the future district of the Nürtingen district.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The federal highway 8 and the federal highways 10 , 297 and 313 , as well as several state and district roads , ran through the district .
Communities
From 1938 onwards, 49 municipalities initially belonged to the district of Nürtingen, including 6 towns. Some places had already lost their independence by this time: In 1919 the municipality of Oberensingen was incorporated into the city of Nürtingen. Lindorf and Ötlingen were incorporated into the town of Kirchheim unter Teck in 1935, Brucken in 1937 in the municipality of Unterlenningen and Balzholz in 1938 in the municipality of Beuren. In 1940 the community of Unterboihingen was incorporated into the community of Wendlingen, whose town charter, which was abandoned in the 19th century, was renewed in 1964. So there were last 48 municipalities, including seven cities.
On March 7, 1968, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg set the course for a community reform . With the law to strengthen the administrative power of smaller municipalities , it was possible for smaller municipalities to voluntarily unite to form larger municipalities. The beginning in the district of Nürtingen was made on January 1st, 1971 by the municipality of Schlattstall, which was incorporated into the municipality of Oberlenningen. In the period that followed, the number of municipalities steadily decreased until the district of Nürtingen was finally dissolved on January 1, 1973.
The largest municipality in the district was the town of Kirchheim unter Teck , which has been a major district town since April 1, 1956 . The smallest community was Schlattstall.
In the table, the municipalities of the district of Nürtingen are before the municipal reform. Today all communities belong to the district of Esslingen , only Grafenberg today belongs to the district of Reutlingen . The population figures refer to the census results in 1961 and 1970.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing sign NT when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It was issued until December 31, 1972. Since November 10, 2014, it has been available in the Esslingen district due to license plate liberalization .
literature
- Home register of the Nürtingen district. Volume I and Volume II, edited by Hans Schwenkel , Würzburg 1950/53 on behalf of the Nürtingen District Association.
- Wolfram Angerbauer (Red.): The heads of the upper offices, district offices and district offices in Baden-Württemberg from 1810 to 1972 . Published by the working group of the district archives at the Baden-Württemberg district assembly. Theiss, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8062-1213-9 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 454 .
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Basking | Backnang | Baden-Baden | Balingen | Biberach | Boeblingen | Bruchsal | Book | Bühl | Calw | Crailsheim | Donaueschingen | Ehingen | Emmendingen | Esslingen | Freiburg (city) | Freiburg (State) | Freudenstadt | Friedrichshafen | Göppingen | Hechingen | Heidelberg (city) | Heidelberg (Country) | Heidenheim | Heilbronn (city) | Heilbronn (Land) | Black Forest | Horb | Karlsruhe (city) | Karlsruhe (State) | Throat | Constance (city) | Constance (Country) | Künzelsau | Lahr | Leonberg | Loerrach | Ludwigsburg | Mannheim (city) | Mannheim (State) | Mergentheim | Mosbach | Muellheim | Münsingen | Neustadt | Nürtingen | Offenburg | Öhringen | Pforzheim (city) | Pforzheim (Country) | Rastatt | Ravensburg | Reutlingen | Rottweil | Säckingen | Saulgau | Schwäbisch Gmünd | Schwäbisch Hall | Sigmaringen | Sinsheim | Stockach | Stuttgart | Tauberbischofsheim | Tettnang | Tübingen | Tuttlingen | Überlingen | Ulm (city) | Ulm (State) | Vaihingen | Villingen | Villingen-Schwenningen | Waiblingen | Waldshut | Cheeks | Wolfach