Lenningen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Lenningen
Lenningen
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Lenningen highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 33 '  N , 9 ° 28'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Stuttgart
County : Esslingen
Height : 449 m above sea level NHN
Area : 41.44 km 2
Residents: 8314 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 201 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 73252, 73266
Area code : 07026
License plate : ES, NT
Community key : 08 1 16 079
Address of the
municipal administration:
Marktplatz 1
73252 Lenningen
Website : www.lenningen.de
Mayor : Michael Bad
Location of the municipality of Lenningen in the Esslingen district
Alb-Donau-Kreis Landkreis Böblingen Landkreis Göppingen Landkreis Ludwigsburg Landkreis Reutlingen Landkreis Tübingen Rems-Murr-Kreis Stuttgart Aichtal Aichwald Altbach Altdorf (Landkreis Esslingen) Altenriet Altenriet Baltmannsweiler Bempflingen Beuren (bei Nürtingen) Bissingen an der Teck Deizisau Denkendorf (Württemberg) Dettingen unter Teck Erkenbrechtsweiler Esslingen am Neckar Filderstadt Frickenhausen (Württemberg) Großbettlingen Hochdorf (bei Plochingen) Holzmaden Kirchheim unter Teck Köngen Kohlberg (Württemberg) Kohlberg (Württemberg) Leinfelden-Echterdingen Lenningen Lichtenwald Neckartailfingen Neckartenzlingen Neidlingen Neuffen Neuhausen auf den Fildern Notzingen Nürtingen Oberboihingen Ohmden Ostfildern Owen Plochingen Reichenbach an der Fils Schlaitdorf Unterensingen Weilheim an der Teck Wendlingen am Neckar Wernau (Neckar) Wolfschlugenmap
About this picture

Lenningen is a municipality in the Esslingen district in Baden-Württemberg , about 10 kilometers south of Kirchheim unter Teck . It belongs to the Stuttgart region (until 1992 the Middle Neckar region ) and the peripheral zone of the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart . Lenningen is the third largest municipality in the district in terms of area. Lenningen is part of the Swabian Alb biosphere area and the UNESCO Swabian Alb Geopark .

geography

Geographical location

Lenninger Valley

Lenningen lies on the edge of the Swabian Alb at 397 to 827  m above sea level. NN . In the municipal area Gutenberger or combine White Lauter and Schlatt Staller or Black Lauter to Lauter , about 13 km northwest of the municipal boundary in the Neckar flows.

Schopfloch, drawing by Eduard von Kallee , 1854

The municipal area includes the entire valleys of the two source rivers and the upper valley of the Lauter, which arises from them, it ends in the west at the upper edge of the valley of the Weisser Lauter and Lauter; alone an approx. ¼ km² large, compactly built northwestern spur with the district of Hochwang protrudes from him here in the approx. 700  m above sea level. NN high Alb plateau west of this left valley range. At the top of the south edge of the right plateau above the Weißlautertal is 750  m above sea level. NN the district of Schopfloch. On this side of the right valley range, most of the Alb area between Lauter and Lindachtal also belongs to the municipality. Otherwise only the much smaller hamlet of Krebsstein and a few scattered living spaces are up here. This major part of the community area is sparsely populated, the other larger settlements are all in the valleys: Brucken is located south of Owen between the Teck in the northeast and the Albsporn Baßgeige close to the southwest before the northwest border of the community on the outflowing Lauter. Unterlenningen joins up the valley , in a wide spider from the Lautertal and the converging Ehnisbach and Kellental, overlooked by the ruins of Sulzburg on a spur remnant, and then Oberlenningen, the largest town in the municipality, in a smaller spider from the converging Tobel, Schmal - and Hirschtal is formed. Gutenberg is in the eastern tip of the Weißlautertal, while the smaller Schlattstall is in the narrower Schwarzlautertal.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are in the east Wiesensteig (district of Göppingen), in the south Römerstein and Grabenstetten (both districts Reutlingen), in the west Erkenbrechtsweiler , in the north-west Owen and in the north Bissingen an der Teck and Neidlingen (all districts Esslingen).

Community structure

Mill near Schlattstall in Lautertal, watercolor by General Eduard von Kallee , 1854

Lenningen consists of the seven districts of Brucken, Unterlenningen, Oberlenningen, Hochwang, Schlattstall, Gutenberg and Schopfloch and the five formerly independent communities of Gutenberg, Oberlenningen, Schlattstall, Schopfloch and Unterlenningen. The official name of the districts is identical to the district names. They form residential districts within the meaning of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code , and the districts of Gutenberg and Schopfloch form localities within the meaning of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code with their own local council and mayor . The former community of Gutenberg includes the village of Gutenberg and the hamlet of Krebsstein as well as the abandoned villages of Auf dem Heiligenberg, Sperberseck and Burg Wuelstein. The former municipality of Oberlenningen includes the village of Oberlenningen and the municipality of Hochwang, as well as the defunct Wielandstein Castle . The village of Schlattstall belongs to the former municipality of Schlattstall. The village of Schopfloch and the houses Harpprechthaus and Torfgrube belong to the former community of Schopfloch. The former municipality of Unterlenningen includes the village of Unterlenningen, the village of Brucken , Diepoldsburg Castle and the Engelhof farmstead, as well as the expired Sulzburg Castle.

Division of space

According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.

history

overview

From the Stone Age to the Middle Ages

The district of Lenningen was already settled in the Stone Age, which can be proven by legacies based on axes and pottery shards. There are also numerous artifacts from the Bronze, Celtic and Roman times. Today's federal highway 465 runs along the old Roman road between Köngen and Donnstetten. Since 300 AD the Alemanni invaded the Roman Agri decumates and also left several grave fields and traces of iron smelting in the Lenningen area. During the High Middle Ages, the area was in the Duchy of Swabia and at that time the settlement centers of today's original communities emerged. In the 12th century, the villages came under the rule of the Dukes of Teck , who ceded them to the Counts of Württemberg in 1387 . The villages became part of Altwürttembergs and have been subordinate to the office in Kirchheim ever since .

Modern times

In 1534 the Protestant Duke Ulrich ordered that all of Württemberg and thus also the villages in the Lenningen district should be Protestant from now on in accordance with the principle of " Cuius regio, eius religio ". When the new administrative structure was implemented in the Kingdom of Württemberg , which was founded in 1806 , the villages remained assigned to the Oberamt Kirchheim . The administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg led to membership in the Nürtingen district in 1938 . In 1945 the localities became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which became part of the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. In the course of the district reform in Baden-Württemberg , the municipalities came to the Esslingen district in 1973 .

The municipality of Lenningen was created on January 1, 1975 through the merger of the previously independent municipalities of Gutenberg, Oberlenningen (with Hochwang and Schlattstall), Schopfloch and Unterlenningen (with Brucken).

Districts

Bridges

Bridges

Brucken was first mentioned in a document in 1123 and incorporated into Unterlenningen in 1939. Brucken has 1028 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2017).

Gutenberg

Gutenberg town center
Gutenberg
Gutenberg: View of the Löwen inn with a tree. Washed drawing by General Eduard von Kallee from 1870.

The first written mention of Gutenberg comes from 1285. In 1360 it received city ​​rights . In the 15th century - like Oberlenningen - it became the seat of a staff to which Schopfloch also belonged. The Thirty Years' War depopulated the place so much that it lost the city charter again. But Gutenberg was able to maintain the status of the staff location. The parish church of St. Nicholas was built from 1865 and consecrated on July 15, 1866. The costs amounted to 20,000 guilders and were shared between Gutenberg, Krebsstein and Schlattstall. Thirteen pastors have led the community since 1858. Gutenberg has 703 inhabitants today (as of December 31, 2017).

The "old rectory" was built in 1784 by the church council builder Wilhelm Friedrich Goez from Ludwigsburg and is now a restaurant.

Hochwang

After the Second World War, the Lenninger Valley was a refuge for displaced persons and refugees from the former East German territories (former Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary). These were temporarily quartered with local families as a temporary solution. Settling the displaced persons through housing projects in the Lenninger Valley was not possible without completely building up the landscape and, moreover, impossible for reasons of space. This influx of workers was not at all inconvenient for the industry in the valley, which is why the Scheufelen House gave serious thought to building a housing estate for these people in 1951. Karl Bauer, the chairman of the works council of the Scheufelen paper mill, then had the decisive idea: The municipality of Oberlenningen should buy a piece of land from the municipality of Erkenbrechtsweiler, which is exactly adjacent to Oberlenningen, but is located on the Alb plateau, in order to implement the plan for a housing estate there.

In order to have a good starting position for the negotiation with regard to the purchase of the Erkenbrechtsweiler property, the first plan was to build a road from Oberlenningen to Hochwang. The plan worked and Klaus Scheufelen (managing director of the paper mill) and Karl Bauer acquired the desired property. When the last hurdle, the water supply for the new housing estate, had been overcome, planning could begin.

After evaluating a competition for the development plan and the drafts for the settlement houses, construction could begin. The realization of the plans was entrusted to a self-founded cooperative, whose office with personnel and administrative expenses was taken over by the paper mill. The Heimatbau-Genossenschaft Lenninger Tal eGmbH consisted only of voluntary employees and the clients were not burdened financially.

For the road route to Hochwang, 250 meters of altitude were overcome and 100,000 cubic meters of earth and rock were removed by over 100 unemployed emergency workers within two and a half years. In 1954 the first vehicles drove on the new road to Hochwang. Housing construction began in September 1952, the first topping-out ceremony was celebrated just two months later and the first family was able to move in less than a year later. By the time the Heimatbau-Genossenschaft Lenninger Tal eGmbH merged with the Kreisbaugenossenschaft Nürtingen in 1971, 184 houses with 312 apartments, 62 garages and 3 commercial facilities had been built for a total billing sum of almost 9.2 million DM (4.7 Million €). At that time, one third of the population of Hochwang consisted of locals and two thirds of displaced persons. The founding of a football, ski and music club and the early construction of a kindergarten, a school, the church and the town hall branch made a positive contribution to the good coexistence. Today 684 people live in Hochwang (as of December 31, 2017).

Oberlenningen

Oberlenningen

Oberlenningen was first mentioned in a document as Lenningen around 1100. It was subordinate to the dukes of Teck , who lost it to Württemberg in 1386 . Oberlenningen was the seat of a staff, the lowest administrative division of that time, which was also responsible for Brucken, Schlattstall and Unterlenningen. Oberlenningen has 2707 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2017)

Schlattstall

Schlattstall

The first written mention of Schlattstall comes from 1384. It belonged to the Oberlenninger staff and was incorporated into Oberlenningen on January 1, 1971. 161 people live in Schlattstall today (as of December 31, 2017).

Schopfloch

Town hall in Schopfloch
Schopfloch

In 1152 Schopfloch was mentioned in a document. Until the formation of today's municipality of Lenningen, it was always an independent municipality, but has belonged to the Gutenberger staff since the 15th century. In the Thirty Years War, the place was so badly damaged that the population fell from 100 to 40. Today Schopfloch has 687 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2017).

Unterlenningen

Unterlenningen

Unterlenningen originally formed a unit with Oberlenningen. In 1353 the place split off and was only reunited with Oberlenningen in 1975 when today's municipality was formed. 2282 people live in Unterlenningen (as of December 31, 2017).

Religions

Today's districts of Lenning have been evangelical since the Reformation . In addition to the official churches, there is also a branch of the Liebenzeller Community in Brucken , which also belongs to the Protestant regional church. In Oberlenningen there is again a Roman Catholic community today . There is also a New Apostolic congregation in Oberlenningen and Brucken .

Population development

year Residents¹
1871 3,294
1880 3,384
1890 3,264
1900 3,375
1910 3,722
1925 3,779
1933 4,077
year Residents¹
1939 4,255
1950 5,756
1961 6,860
1970 7,667
1975 7,775
1980 7,777
1985 7,710
year Residents¹
1990 8,721
1995 8,848
2000 8,679
2005 8,572
2010 8,177
2015 8,026

¹ according to the State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg ; until 1970 census results, from 1975 updates on December 31 of each year.

politics

Administrative association

Lenningen forms the municipal administration association Lenningen with Erkenbrechtsweiler and Owen .

Municipal council

In Lenningen, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection process . The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipal council in Lenningen has 18 members after the last election (unchanged). The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

Parties and constituencies %
2019
Seats
2019
%
2014
Seats
2014
Local elections 2019
 %
80
70
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
75.97%
24.03%
BWV
LEGAL / UBL
Gains / losses
compared to 2014
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
-3.02  % p
+ 3.02  % p
BWV
LEGAL / UBL
BWV Civic voters' association 75.97 14th 78.99 14th
UWV Lenninger Green Alternative List / Independent Citizens Lenningen 24.03 4th 21.01 4th
total 100.0 18th 100.0 18th
voter turnout 60.95% 51.76%

mayor

Michael Schlecht was elected for a third term in March 2015 with 83.39% of the vote. He took office in 1999.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In blue over a shield base that is diagonally roughened by black and gold, a silver linden branch looped in the shape of an eight with three silver leaves on each side."

The Lenningen municipal coat of arms was designed after the municipal merger in 1975. The flag colors are yellow-blue. The teck diamonds (wecken) in the shield base are reminiscent of the shared historical relationships between the suburbs and the dukes of Teck . The linden branch is derived from the linden trees in the earlier coats of arms of Gutenberg and Unterlenningen, whose intricate shape symbolizes the togetherness of the suburbs.

Partnerships

Since 1988 Lenningen maintains partnerships to Pouilly-en-Auxois in the region Burgundy in France .

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Oberlenningen train station

The Teckbahn from Wendlingen am Neckar via Kirchheim (Teck) ends in the Oberlenningen district . The Royal Württemberg State Railways built the station buildings of Unter- and Oberlenningen in 1899 as standard stations of type IIa and IIIa, respectively. Today the hourly regional trains of DB Regio stop in the municipality at three train stations: Oberlenningen, Unterlenningen and Brucken.

The federal highway 465 Biberach –Kirchheim runs parallel to the Teckbahn in Lenningen . You can use it to reach the Kirchheim (Teck) -Ost junction of the federal motorway 8 Stuttgart - Munich, about eight kilometers to the north .

Established businesses

View from Wielandstein to Oberlenningen with the Scheufelen paper mill

For a long time, the largest employer was the nationally known Scheufelen paper mill , which emerged in 1855 from the paper mill founded in 1773. This filed for bankruptcy in May 2019, as a result of which the last 75 jobs were completely lost after the number of employees had previously been significantly reduced in several waves.

education

In the Karl-Erhard-Scheufelen-Schulzentrum Oberlenningen there is a secondary school , a secondary school and a special needs school . There is also a primary school in Gutenberg, Oberlenningen, Schopfloch and Unterlenningen (with a branch in Brucken) . The primary school children from Schlattstall attend the Oberlenning school, while the children from Hochwang go to Erkenbrechtsweiler because of the proximity to the neighboring town . There are also seven kindergartens with a total of 14 groups in Lenningen.

Culture and sights

Museums

There is a museum for paper and book art in Lenningen. It is located in the Oberlenningen district and is also called "Schlössle". The Lenningen community library with 20,000 media (as of 2013) is also located in this building.

Buildings

The Sulzburg ruin rises above Unterlenningen over the Lauter valley. The Wielandstein ruins are located on a rocky spire on the Wielandstein .

Natural monuments

There are eight individual and 21 extensive natural monuments in the Lenningen municipality. The Schopflocher Alb nature conservation center is near Schopfloch, on the edge of an extensive natural monument, the abandoned Jura marble quarry owned by Lauster .

Near the border with the neighboring community of Grabenstetten there is a collapsed cave, the Kesselfinkenloch and the Konradfels , a tertiary volcanic vent from the Urach-Kirchheim volcanic area .

In the district of Gutenberg there is the Gußmannshöhle and the Gutenberger Höhle (both awarded as geopoints of the UNESCO Geopark Swabian Alb since September 2016 ), in the district of Schopfloch there is the Schopfloch peat bog . The Wolfsschluchthöhle is located above the village , about halfway between Gußmannshöhle and Gutenberger Höhle.

Sports

The most important sports clubs are TSV Oberlenningen, TV Unterlenningen, TV Gutenberg and TSV Schopfloch. The SG Lenningen, which currently plays in handball in the regional league, is known nationwide.

Winter sports can be practiced in the Pfulb ski center in the Schopfloch district , where there are three ski lifts.

The Lenninger Tal offers excellent sport climbing opportunities and is one of the interesting climbing areas in the Swabian Alb. Numerous routes are set up on the surrounding limestone cliffs in almost all degrees of difficulty. These routes and the rocks that have been approved for them are described in numerous publications. Nature conservation regulations limit climbing activities to certain months of the year.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Albrecht Weyermann (1763–1832), clergyman and literary historian, pastor of Gutenberg
  • Karl Scheufelen (1823–1902), founder of the Scheufelen paper mill
  • Julius von Jan (1897–1964), pastor and resistance fighter against National Socialism, became pastor in Oberlenningen in 1935
  • Willy Schneider (1907–1983), composer, music teacher and conductor

Web links

Commons : Lenningen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Climbing guide Lenninger Alb , edited by Achim Pasold and Ronald Nordmann, 7th edition. Panico-Alpinverlag, Köngen 2007, ISBN 978-3-926807-72-4 .
  • The district of Esslingen - published by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives. V. with the district of Esslingen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7995-0842-1 , volume 2, page 135

Individual evidence

  1. State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. Main statute of the municipality of Lenningen, last changed on December 8th, 2009  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 15 kB), accessed on January 27, 2014@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.lenningen.de  
  3. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume III: Stuttgart District, Middle Neckar Regional Association. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004758-2 . Pp. 199-203
  4. State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Lenningen.
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 461 .
  6. ^ A ray of hope for the regional bishop. Evangelical parish church Sankt Nikolaus in Gutenberg looks back on 150 years. In: DerTeckbote from July 12, 2016, page 19
  7. ^ Rainer Stein: The Württemberg standard station on branch lines . In: Eisenbahn-Journal Württemberg-Report . tape 1 , no. V / 96 . Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1996, ISBN 3-922404-96-0 , p. 80-83 .