Administrative division of Württemberg
Even before 1800, the state of Württemberg was divided into offices or senior offices during the duchy . At the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, the Duchy of Württemberg was considerably enlarged and made an electorate . Additional areas were added in 1806 when the electorate was elevated to a kingdom . A new administrative structure was therefore necessary. This classification was changed in 1810 and 1818, but was then essentially retained until 1938.
This article presents the changes at the district and senior office level from 1806 until the dissolution of the state of Württemberg in 1945. However, the administrative structure of 1938 also applied beyond 1945 in the newly formed states of Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern . The spelling of the places essentially corresponds to the current state, although many places were spelled completely differently at the beginning of the 19th century , e.g. Bahlingen , Rotweil , Cantstadt etc.
Administrative structure from 1806
In 1806, Wuerttemberg was divided into twelve districts by King Friedrich's organizational edict, which were divided into a total of 77 higher offices and the royal seat of Stuttgart. The partial further subdivision of the senior offices into so-called "patrimonial offices" is dispensed with here.
The twelve districts with their higher offices:
- First District of Stuttgart : Oberämter Böblingen, Cannstatt, Esslingen, Köngen, Leonberg, Stuttgart (Amtsoberamt)
- Second district of Ludwigsburg : Oberämter Besigheim, Bietigheim, Ludwigsburg, Marbach, Maulbronn, Vaihingen, Waiblingen
- Third district of Heilbronn : Oberämter Backnang, Beilstein, Brackenheim, Güglingen , Heilbronn, Kirchhausen, Lauffen, Möckmühl , Neckarsulm, Weinsberg
- Fourth district of Öhringen : Oberämter Neuenstein, Nitzenhausen, Schönthal
- Fifth district of Calw : Oberämter Alpirsbach, Altensteig, Calw, Freudenstadt, Herrenalb, Nagold, Neuenbürg, Weil
- Sixth district of Rottenburg : Oberämter Balingen, Herrenberg, Horb, Rosenfeld, Rottenburg, Sulz, Tübingen
- Seventh district of Rottweil : Oberämter Hornberg, Rottweil, Spaichingen, Stockach, Tuttlingen
- Eighth district of Urach : Oberämter Kirchheim, Münsingen, Nürtingen, Reutlingen, Urach, Wiesensteig
- Ninth district of Ehingen : Oberämter Biberach, Blaubeuren, Ehingen, Riedlingen, Saulgau, Urspring, Zwiefalten
- Tenth district Altdorf : Oberämter Altdorf, Waldsee
- Eleventh district of Schorndorf : Oberämter Gmünd, Göppingen, Murrhardt, Schorndorf, Welzheim, Winnenden
- Twelfth district of Ellwangen : Aalen, Ellwangen, Gaildorf, Giengen, Hall, Heidenheim, Hohnhardt, Nördlingen, Schmiedelfeld, Vellberg district offices
Administrative structure from 1810
Through the Royal Manifesto concerning the new division of the kingdom of October 27, 1810, the state territory of Württemberg, with the exception of the royal seat of Stuttgart, was divided into 64 (new) upper offices, which were grouped into twelve bailiffs. The land bailiffs now had landscape names instead of town names. This division of the upper offices remained with small changes until 1938, while the twelve bailiffs were replaced by four districts in 1818.
The twelve regional bailiffs with their upper offices:
- I. Landvogtei on the upper Neckar : Oberämter Balingen, Oberndorf, Rottweil, Spaichingen, Tuttlingen
- II. Landvogtei on the middle Neckar : Oberämter Herrenberg, Horb, Rottenburg, Sulz, Tübingen
- III. Landvogtei Black Forest : Oberämter Böblingen, Calw, Freudenstadt, Nagold, Neuenbürg
- IV. Landvogtei Rothenberg : Oberämter Cannstatt, Esslingen, Leonberg, Stuttgart (Amtsoberamt), Waiblingen
- V. Landvogtei an der Enz : Oberämter Besigheim, Ludwigsburg, Marbach, Maulbronn, Vaihingen
- VI. Landvogtei on the lower Neckar : Oberämter Backnang, Brackenheim, Heilbronn, Neckarsulm, Weinsberg
- VII. Landvogtei an der Jagst : Oberämter Gerabronn (until 1811 Blaufelden), Hall, Künzelsau (until 1811 Ingelfingen), Mergentheim, Öhringen
- VIII. Landvogtei am Kocher : Oberämter Aalen, Crailsheim, Ellwangen, Gaildorf, Heidenheim, Neresheim
- IX. Landvogtei on the Fils and Rems : Oberämter Geislingen, Gmünd, Göppingen, Lorch, Schorndorf
- X. Landvogtei on the Alb : Oberämter Kirchheim, Münsingen, Nürtingen, Reutlingen, Urach
- XI. Landvogtei on the Danube : Oberämter Albeck, Biberach, Blaubeuren, Ehingen, Riedlingen, Ulm, Wiblingen
- XII. Landvogtei on Lake Constance : Oberämter Leutkirch, Ravensburg, Saulgau, Tettnang, Waldsee, Wangen
Administrative structure from 1818
On January 1, 1818, the twelve regional bailiffs formed in 1810 were replaced by four districts. The Danube District , based in Ulm , the Neckar District , based in Ludwigsburg , the Jagst District , based in Ellwangen (Jagst), and the Black Forest District , based in Reutlingen, emerged . In 1819 the Oberamt Albeck was incorporated into the Oberamt Ulm, so that there were only 63 Oberamts. On April 1, 1924, the four districts were dissolved.
- Donaukreis : Oberämter Albeck (dissolved in 1819), Biberach , Blaubeuren , Ehingen , Geislingen , Göppingen , Kirchheim , Laupheim (until 1845 Wiblingen ), Leutkirch , Münsingen , Ravensburg , Riedlingen , Saulgau , Tettnang , Ulm , Waldsee , Wangen
- Jagstkreis : Oberämter Aalen , Crailsheim , Ellwangen , Gaildorf , Gerabronn , Gmünd , Hall , Heidenheim , Künzelsau , Mergentheim , Neresheim , Öhringen , Schorndorf , Welzheim (until 1819 Lorch)
- Neckar District : City of Stuttgart and Oberämter Backnang , Besigheim , Böblingen , Brackenheim , Cannstatt (dissolved in 1923), Esslingen , Heilbronn , Leonberg , Ludwigsburg , Marbach , Maulbronn , Neckarsulm , Stuttgart (referred to as Amtsoberamt), Vaihingen , Waiblingen , Weinsberg
- Black Forest District : Oberämter Balingen , Calw , Freudenstadt , Herrenberg , Horb , Nagold , Neuenbürg , Nürtingen , Oberndorf , Reutlingen , Rottenburg , Rottweil , Spaichingen , Sulz , Tübingen , Tuttlingen , Urach
This administrative structure was recorded in the series of books called "Oberamtsbeschreibung" in the middle of the 19th century. See also main article: Oberamt (Württemberg) .
Administrative structure from 1924
On April 1, 1924, the four districts established in 1818 were dissolved. After the Oberamt Albeck was dissolved in 1819 and the Oberamt Cannstatt in 1923, the Oberamt Weinsberg was dissolved in 1926 . On January 27, 1934 were from the National Socialist state government by the measures taken pursuant to the Württemberg Enabling Act of 1933 district regulations specifically Württemberg names such as upper office, county council and officials meeting with the new designations county , county council and district council replaced and thus to the Prussian adjusted terms.
1935 eleven cities were by the German Municipal Code to city circles explained. These were: Esslingen am Neckar , Göppingen , Heidenheim an der Brenz , Heilbronn , Ludwigsburg , Reutlingen , Schwäbisch Gmünd , Schwenningen am Neckar , Stuttgart , Tübingen and Ulm . With the exception of Stuttgart, these cities continued to belong to their respective districts (see German municipal code of 1935 ). Thus there were only 61 districts (former Oberamt) and the city of Stuttgart, which did not belong to any district (former Oberamt) until 1938.
City of Stuttgart and the regional offices (districts since 1934):
Administrative structure from 1938
On October 1, 1938, 27 districts were dissolved and the remaining 34 were incorporated. Ulm and Heilbronn were declared urban districts alongside Stuttgart. This classification was continued after 1945 by the states of Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern . With the district and administrative reform in Baden-Württemberg on January 1, 1973 , it was further changed.
The counties:
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Individual evidence
- ^ Organizational edict of March 18, 1806
- ↑ http://www.verfassungen.de/de/bw/wuerttemberg/landeseinteilung1810.pdf Royal Manifesto, the new division of the kingdom on October 27, 1810
- ^ Edict on the division of the kingdom into four administrative districts of November 18, 1817
- ↑ District regulations of January 29, 1934
- ^ Text of the law on land division of April 25, 1938
literature
- Walter Grube: Bailiffs, offices, districts in Baden-Württemberg . Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-17-002445-0
- Historical atlas of Baden-Württemberg , maps VII, 4 and VII, 5 with an epithet. Stuttgart 1976