Oberamt Crailsheim

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Map of the Württemberg upper offices, as of 1926

The Oberamt Crailsheim was an administrative district in the north-east of Württemberg (on attached map No. 10) , which was renamed in 1934 first in Crailsheim district , then in 1938 in Crailsheim district and in the same year expanded to include a large part of the municipalities of the dissolved Gerabronn district . For general remarks on the Württemberg upper offices, see Oberamt (Württemberg) .

history

Oberamt Crailsheim, territorial status 1813, with the previous rule
boundaries legend

From the 15th century the city of Crailsheim served as the administrative seat for the western edge of the margravate Brandenburg-Ansbach , which fell to the Prussian Crown in 1791 after the abdication of the last margrave and was incorporated into the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806 at Napoleon's instigation . In 1803, Württemberg was able to gain a foothold in the region for the first time when the Imperial Deputation assigned him the territories of the city of Hall and the Prince Provost of Ellwangen . The Honhardt Oberamt was formed from the northeastern part of these new acquisitions, which at the time was under Prussian sovereignty. When the kingdoms of Bavaria and Württemberg finally determined the common border in the Paris Treaty in 1810, Crailsheim and the surrounding towns became part of Württemberg. In the same year the Oberamt Crailsheim was established, to which the Oberamt Honhardt and some places that had previously belonged to the Oberamt Hall were incorporated. The district, which was assigned to the Jagstkreis from 1818 to 1924, bordered the Württemberg regional offices of Gerabronn , Ellwangen , Hall , Gaildorf and the Kingdom of Bavaria.

Former gentlemen

In 1813, after the regional reform was completed, the district was made up of parts that had belonged to the following rulers in 1800. In view of the severely fragmented sovereign rights, the list only names the larger towns in full.

  • Prussia , Markgraftum Brandenburg-Ansbach
    • Oberamt Crailsheim : Crailsheim, Altenmünster, Ellrichshausen (mostly), Gröningen (partially), Gründelhardt (partially), Honhardt (partially), Jagstheim (1/2), Ingersheim, Lautenbach, Leukershausen (about 3/4), Mariäkappel, Oberspeltach ( about 3/5), Onolzheim, Roßfeld, Satteldorf (partially), Tiefenbach (mostly), Triensbach (about 1/2), Wäldershub , Waldtann (about 3/5), Weipertshofen (about 2/3), Westgartshausen (mostly) . The Markertshofen administration office was subordinate to the Oberamt, and the Goldbach pension administration office was incorporated in 1798.
    • Oberamt Feuchtwangen : Bergertshofen (about 1/3).
    • The local manor was Bernhardsweiler with Bräunersberg and Schönbronn.
  • Oettingen-Spielberg : Buckenweiler.
  • Fürstpropstei Ellwangen : Stimpfach, Weipertshofen (partially).
  • Comburg Knights' Foundation : Ingersheim, Birkelbach and Wollmershausen (each partially).
  • Imperial city Hall , Honhardt and Vellberg offices : parts of Gründelhardt, Honhardt, Jagstheim, Oberspeltach. The places Bonolzhof, Spaichbühl, Steinehaig and Waldbuch were not affected by the revindication (see below).
  • Imperial city of Dinkelsbühl : Bergertshofen (about 2/3), Waldtann (about 2/5), Gaisbühl, Krettenbach, Nestleinsberg, Oßhalden, Rötsweiler (each completely or largely), Bergbronn, Gerbertshofen, Riegelbach (each partially), plus free float in the later ones Municipalities of Honhardt, Jagstheim, Oberspeltach, Stimpfach and Wildenstein.
  • German Order , Dinkelsbühl Office: Riegelbach (partially).
  • Imperial Knighthood
    With the canton Altmühl of the Franconian knighthood, the rule Kreßberg with Marktlustenau ( barons of Knöringen ) was registered.
    The following were registered with the canton Odenwald of the Franconian knighthood: Erkenbrechtshausen, Burleswagen (both Freiherr von Seckendorff ), Neidenfels (Count von Soden), Wollmershausen (partly, von Wollmershausen, heirs). The Freiherr von Ellrichshausen owned properties in Jagstheim, Mistlau and Gersbach, among others. The Morstein manor owned by Baron von Crailsheim included shares in Gröningen and Bronnholzheim as well as the Heinkenbusch and Weilershof farms near Triensbach.
    The following were registered with the canton Kocher of the Swabian knighthood: Rechenberg ( Freiherr von Berlichingen ), Wildenstein (Freiherr Hofer von Lobenstein ), Matzenbach (Senft von Sulburg), Unterdeufstetten ( Freiherr von Seckendorff ).

The revindication , the recognition of Prussian sovereignty within the boundaries of the Ansbachian Fraisch ( high jurisdiction ), enforced by Hardenberg in 1796 , concerned not only the goods of the knighthood in the Crailsheim area, but also in particular the Hall of Honhardt, parts of the Vellberg office and the Ellwangian property around Stimpfach. With the Hohenlohe principalities, Prussia reached an amicable solution in the form of the Land Purification Treaty of 1797, which regulated the exchange of sovereign rights in the border area.

Communities

Population figures 1880

The following 26 municipalities were subordinate to the Crailsheim Oberamt in 1884:

No. former parish Population 1880 today's parish
evangelical Catholic Israel.
1 Crailsheim 3958 396 288 Crailsheim
2 Ellrichshausen 840 39 Satteldorf
3 Goldbach 469 6th 6th Crailsheim
4th Groeningen 1195 2 1 Satteldorf
5 Gründelhardt 1466 125 Frankenhardt
6th Honhardt 1810 55 Frankenhardt
7th Ingersheim 1129 36 Crailsheim
8th Jagstheim 1249 24 Crailsheim
9 Lautenbach 1008 123 Fichtenau
10 Leukershausen 599 14th Kreßberg
11 Mariäkappel 582 1 1 Kreßberg
12 Marktlustenau 835 282 Kreßberg
13 Matzenbach 388 415 Fichtenau
14th Ober-Speltach 678 3 Frankenhardt
15th Onolzheim 808 12 Crailsheim
16 Rechenberg 290 219 Stimpfach
17th Rossfeld 587 12 Crailsheim
18th Satteldorf 1230 41 Satteldorf
19th Stimpfach 69 766 Stimpfach
20th Tiefenbach 627 7th Crailsheim
21st Triensbach 586 18th Crailsheim
22nd Unter-Deufstetten 303 673 37 Fichtenau
23 Waldthann 784 2 Kreßberg
24 Weipertshofen 442 117 Stimpfach
25th Westgartshausen 603 1 Crailsheim
26th Wildenstein 685 156 Fichtenau
total 23,220 3,545 333

Changes in the community since 1813

Parishes and marks around 1860

After the transfer to Württemberg, the local administrative units were formed according to spatial considerations, regardless of historical cohesion. Around 1820 the district comprised 24 communities.

In 1825 Rechenberg was separated from Weipertshofen and raised to the status of an independent municipality. Around the same time, the district of Burgberg was reunified from Roßfeld to Oberspeltach.

In 1848 Leukershausen was separated from Mariäkappel and made an independent municipality.

In 1930 Hilpert was transferred from Oberspeltach to Vellberg (Oberamt Hall).

In 1933 Gunzach and Spitzenmühle were changed from Matzenbach to Wildenstein.

Head of office

literature

  • Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg (ed.): The district of Schwäbisch Hall . Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2005, ISBN 3-7995-1366-3 .
  • Wolfram Angerbauer (Red.): The heads of the upper offices, district offices and district offices in Baden-Württemberg from 1810 to 1972 . Published by the working group of the district archives at the Baden-Württemberg district assembly. Theiss, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8062-1213-9 .
Wikisource: Description of the Crailsheim Oberamts  - sources and full texts

Web links