Oberamt Öhringen

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Map of the Württemberg upper offices, as of 1926

The Oberamt Öhringen was a württembergischer County (on the attached map # 41) , the 1934 county Öhringen renamed and in 1938 with the release of some municipalities district Öhringen was. For general remarks on the Württemberg upper offices, see Oberamt (Württemberg) .

history

Oberamt Öhringen, area status 1813, with the earlier rulership and office boundaries
legend

As early as the 15th century, the Lords of Hohenlohe , who were raised to the rank of count in 1450, owned a closed territory in the Öhringen area . The house was owned in 1511 for inalienable Fideikommiss explained and 1541 under the two main lines Neuenstein and Waldenburg divided, from each of which led to several branch lines later. All lines were gefürstet in the 18th century, won by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss even smaller areas added, however, were by 1806 Act of Confederation in favor Wuerttemberg and Bavaria mediated . Württemberg formed the Oberamt Neuenstein from the closed property complex around the residential cities of Öhringen and Waldenburg, whose seat was moved to Öhringen in 1809.

Neighbors of the district assigned to the Jagstkreis from 1818 to 1924 were the regional offices of Neckarsulm , Künzelsau , Hall and Weinsberg . Its abolition in 1926 brought the Oberamt Öhringen an area in the south-west. Since then it has also bordered on the Heilbronn District Office .

In 1926 the area of ​​the Oberamt Öhringen comprised 56 communities with a total area of ​​430.93 km². There were 16,625 buildings within the Oberamtsbereich, including 8,751 auxiliary buildings. The resident population in 1925 was around 33,700.

In 1934 the Oberamt Öhringen was renamed to Öhringen District , and in 1938 the Öhringen district became the Öhringen district . The communities Eschental, Finsterrot, Geißelhardt, Gnadental and Goggenbach were given to the district of Hall .

Former gentlemen

In 1813, after the regional reform was completed, the district was made up of parts that had belonged to the following rulers in 1800:

  • Hohenlohe-Öhringen: City of Öhringen, offices of Forchtenberg, Kirchensall, Langenbeutingen, Michelbach, Neuenstein, Gaisbach as part of the Künzelsau office. The Öhringen line went out in 1805, and ownership fell to the Ingelfingen line.
  • Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst: offices of Waldenburg, Kupferzell, Ohrntal, Adolzfurt.
  • Hohenlohe-Bartenstein: Offices Pfedelbach, Sindringen, Gleichen as part of the Mainhardt Office.
  • Hohenlohe-Kirchberg: Goggenbach as part of the Döttingen district.
  • Schöntal Monastery : Orendelsall, Rechbach.
  • Imperial Knighthood
    In the canton of Odenwald of the Franconian knighthood Möglingen was matriculated with 5/12 Baumerlenbach ( Barons of Berlichingen ).

Communities

Population figures 1861

The following communities were subordinate to the Oberamt Öhringen in 1861:

No. former parish Residents today's parish
1 Oehringen 3798 Öhringen
2 Adolzfurth 706 Bretzfeld
3 Baum-Erlenbach 541 Öhringen
4th Büttelbronn 497 Öhringen
5 Cappel 341 Öhringen
6th Eckardtsweiler 572 Öhringen
7th Ernsbach 744 Forchtenberg
8th Eschelbach 346 Neuenstein
9 Eschenthal 270 Copper cell
10 Feßbach 750 Copper cell
11 Forchtenberg 1011 Forchtenberg
12 Gaisbach 790 Künzelsau
13 Geisselhardt 1038 Mainhardt
14th Gnadenthal 473 Michelfeld
15th Goggenbach 241 Copper cell
16 Harsberg 921 Pfedelbach
17th Kesselfeld 292 Neuenstein
18th Church hall 421 Neuenstein
19th Klein-Hirschbach 503 Neuenstein
20th Copper cell 1394 Copper cell
21st Langenbeutingen 1014 Langenbrettach
22nd Mangoldsall 487 Copper cell
23 Michelbach am Wald 810 Öhringen
24 Possible 260 Öhringen
25th Neuenstein 1635 Neuenstein
26th Neureuth 289 Neuenstein
27 Ober-Eppach 479 Neuenstein
28 Upper ears 273 Pfedelbach
29 Ober-Söllbach 337 Neuenstein
30th Ober-Steinbach 491 Waldenburg
31 Ohrnberg 578 Öhringen
32 Orendelsall 237 Doubts
33 Pfedelbach 1777 Pfedelbach
34 Schwöllbronn 433 Öhringen
35 Sindringen 773 Forchtenberg
36 Unter-Steinbach 1045 Pfedelbach
37 Verrenberg 425 Öhringen
38 Waldenburg 1313 Waldenburg
39 Westernach 1009 Copper cell
40 Westernbach 251 Doubts
41 Windischenbach 458 Pfedelbach
42 Wohlmuthhausen 558 Forchtenberg
43 Doubts 1008 Doubts
  total 31589  

Changes in the community since 1813

Parishes and marks around 1860

In large parts of Altwuerttemberg , the settlement structure, which is dominated by stately villages, was carried over directly to the municipality. On the other hand, on the Hohenlohe Plain and the adjacent Keuper Heights - apart from the small centers that at least temporarily served as a residence for a line of the Hohenlohe family - hamlets and small villages dominate the picture. After the transition to Württemberg, it took decades to find an appropriate and universally accepted structure.

In the first phase, the structure was largely based on the division into the various Hohenloh lines. Until 1815, the area that was formerly part of the Öhringen line was transferred to the mayor shops Öhringen, Eckartsweiler, Ernsbach, Forchtenberg, Gaisbach, Gnadental, Kirchensall, Kleinhirschbach, Langenbeutingen (with Möglingen and Baumerlenbach), Michelbach, Neuenstein, Ohrnberg, Untermaßholderbach, Wohlmuthausen and Zweiflingen (with Orendelsall). From the portion of the Schillingsfürst line, the mayor shops in Adolzfurt, Eschelbach, Eschental, Kupferzell, Obersöllbach, Obersteinbach, Untersteinbach, Waldenburg and Westernach (with Goggenbach) emerged, while Pfedelbach, Sindringen, Unterohrn and Windischenbach came from the Bartstein part.

After the constitution of 1819 had prepared the basis for local self-government , the municipalities in the modern sense were constituted from the mayor's offices. Feßbach separated from Kupferzell in 1819 and became an independent municipality. Cappel broke away from Eckartsweiler, Orendelsall from Zweiflingen. Untersöllbach was umgemeindet from Michelbach to Eckartsweiler.

By 1824 the independent communities Baumerlenbach, Möglingen, Kesselfeld, Oberohrn and Verrenberg were formed. The municipalities of Büttelbronn and Westernbach emerged from the Untermaßholderbach mayor's workshop. The mayor's workshop in Unterohrn was dissolved, Unterohrn itself incorporated into Öhringen, Schwöllbronn into Langenbeutingen. Belzhag were renamed from Kupferzell to Westernach and Tommelhardt from Obersteinbach to Waldenburg. The reclassification of Sailachs from Obersteinbach to Gnadental was revised after a few years.

In 1826 Goggenbach, which until 1823 belonged to Westernach and then to Eschental, was raised to the status of an independent municipality. Neureut broke away from Kirchensall, Obereppach from Kleinhirschbach. Rechbach and Ulrichsberg were umgemeindet from Gaisbach to Kupferzell.

In 1828 Schwöllbronn and Unterohrn became the new municipality of Schwöllbronn. Harsberg was separated from Untersteinbach and raised to an independent municipality to which Baierbach (previously near Pfedelbach) was also assigned. Upper and lower equals came from Untersteinbach to Pfedelbach, Büchelberg from Obersteinbach to Gnadental, Lindig from Waldenburg to Kesselfeld.

In 1830 Mangoldsall (with Füßbach and Langensall) was separated from Kirchensall and raised to the status of an independent community.

In 1842 the community Geißelhardt came from the Oberamt Weinsberg to Oberamt Öhringen.

In 1855 Stolzeneck was changed from Wohlmuthausen to Kleinhirschbach. Around 1855, Heiligenhaus (previously near Orendelsall) and Schönau (previously near Eckartsweiler) were recruited to Zweiflingen.

In 1894 the Stegmühle was changed from Eckartsweiler to Oberohrn.

In 1912, Vorderespig was changed from Untersteinbach to Pfedelbach.

In 1926 the communities of Bitzfeld, Bretzfeld, Dimbach, Finsterrot, Geddelsbach, Maienfels, Neuhütten, Rappach, Scheppach, Schwabbach, Siebeneich, Unterheimbach and Waldbach came from the dissolved Oberamt Weinsberg to Oberamt Öhringen.

Head of office

literature

  • K. statist.-topograph. Bureau (ed.): Description of the Oberamt Öhringen . Lindemann, Stuttgart 1865. Reprint Bissinger, Magstadt, ISBN 3-7644-0045-5 .
  • Wolfram Angerbauer (Red.): The heads of the upper offices, district offices and district offices in Baden-Württemberg from 1810 to 1972 . Published by the working group of the district archives at the Baden-Württemberg district assembly. Theiss, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8062-1213-9 .
  • Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): The Hohenlohekreis . Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 2006, ISBN 3-7995-1367-1 .

Web links

Wikisource: Description of the Oberamt Oehringen from 1865  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State manual for Württemberg 1928
  2. ^ The district of Öhringen . Official district description. tape I . State Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 1961, p. 520 (The urban and rural districts in Baden-Württemberg).