Oberamt Heilbronn

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Map of the Oberamt Heilbronn
Map of the Württemberg upper offices, as of 1926

The upper office Heilbronn was a württembergischer County (on the enclosed card no. 22 ), the 1934 county Heilbronn renamed and 1938 to communities of the dissolved parties Besigheim , Brackenheim , Marbach and Neckarsulm for the district of Heilbronn enlarges was. As early as 1926, the Oberamt Heilbronn had acquired some communities from the repealed Oberamt Weinsberg . For general information on the Württemberg authorities, see Oberamt (Württemberg) .

history

Oberamt Heilbronn, area status 1813, with the earlier rulership and office boundaries
legend

The Oberamt came into being after Württemberg took possession of the territory of the imperial city of Heilbronn in 1802 - in anticipation of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss . From 1806, the district was assigned more places. It was partly from the old Württemberg area, partly from former German-Nordic or knightly villages that fell to the kingdom with the Rhine Confederation Act . Neighbors of the Oberamt, which was assigned to the Neckar District from 1818 to 1924, were the Württemberg Oberämter Weinsberg, Neckarsulm, Marbach, Besigheim and Brackenheim, the Grand Duchy of Baden and the Hessian exclave Wimpfen .

In 1926 the area of ​​the Oberamt Heilbronn comprised 36 communities with a total area of ​​321.12 km². There were 23,522 buildings within the Oberamtsbereich, including 11,030 ancillary buildings. The resident population in 1925 was around 97,500.

Former gentlemen

In 1813, after the regional reform was completed, the district was made up of parts that had belonged to the following rulers in 1800:

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Oberamt Heilbronn
Seal mark of the royal. Württemb. Oberamt Heilbronn

In 1927, the official body of the Heilbronn Upper Office requested a proposal for a coat of arms from the Württemberg archives department . The archive management recommended a coat of arms which, as symbols for Neckar shipping and viticulture , should show a silver anchor in blue, each accompanied by a silver cup. The district council, however, rejected the two cups as an overly emphasized symbol of enjoyment. Instead, the Oberamt adopted another coat of arms designed by Walther Eberbach (1866–1944) in 1928 , which remained in use until 1955 in the later district or district of Heilbronn. In a split shield with a lowered, curved tip, it showed a silver ear of wheat in front in black, behind in red a silver hammer turned to the left, below in gold a hanging blue grape; a blue anchor in the silver heart shield. The ear of wheat stood for agriculture, the hammer for industry and trade, the grape for viticulture and the anchor for shipping on the Neckar. From a heraldic point of view, this coat of arms was too overloaded, which is why it was replaced by another in 1955.

Communities

Population figures 1865

The following municipalities were subordinate to the Oberamt in 1865:

former parish Population
1865		 today's parish
Heilbronn 14333 Heilbronn
Abstatt with Happenbach 992 Abstatt
Biberach 1164 Heilbronn
Boeckingen 1891 Heilbronn
Bonfeld 1186 Bad Rappenau
Flein 1340 Flein
Frankenbach 1169 Heilbronn
Fürfeld 683 Bad Rappenau
Groß-Gartach 1822 Leingarten
Horkheim 698 Heilbronn
Kirchhausen 1181 Heilbronn
Neckar-Gartach 1707 Heilbronn
Ober-Eisesheim 783 Neckarsulm
Sontheim 1005 Heilbronn
Thalheim 1319 Talheim
Unter-Eisesheim 528 Untereisesheim
Unter-Gruppenbach
with Ober-Gruppenbach and Donnbronn 		1212 Untergruppenbach
total 33013

Changes in the community since 1813

Parishes and marks around 1860

In 1842 the communities Abstatt and Untergruppenbach came from the Oberamt Besigheim to the Oberamt Heilbronn.

In 1919 Böckingen received city rights.

When the Oberamt Weinsberg was dissolved on April 1, 1926, the communities Affaltrach, Eberstadt , Eichelberg, Ellhofen , Eschenau, Gellmersbach , Grantschen , Holz , Hößlinsülz , Lehrensteinsfeld , Löwenstein , Neulautern , Sülzbach, Unterheinriet, Weiler bei Weinsberg, Weinsberg , Willsbach came , Wimmental and Wüstenrot to the Oberamt Heilbronn.

In 1933 Böckingen was incorporated into Heilbronn.

In 1938 Neckargartach and Sontheim were incorporated into Heilbronn.

Head of office

The head of the Oberamt was initially called Oberamtmann , and from April 19, 1928 was called District Administrator . After the establishment of the Oberamt in 1803, it was initially headed by Oberamtmann Ostertag as administrative administrator for a few months before Johann Friedrich Zeller took office from 1804.

MPs

From 1815 to 1918 the Württemberg upper offices also served as electoral districts for the state assemblies from 1815 to 1819, the Chamber of Deputies of the Württemberg state estates and the three constitutional revision or advisory state assemblies from 1849 to 1850. The seven "good cities", including Heilbronn, placed up to the state assemblies of 1849/1850 each had their own deputies, so that the deputies of the Heilbronn Oberamt only represented the other municipalities.

The members of the Heilbronn Regional Office were:

literature

  • Titot (Hrsg.): Description of the Oberamt Heilbronn. New edition. Unchangeable photom. Reprint [d. Ed.] Stuttgart Verlag H. Lindemann, 1865. Reprint Magstadt (near Stuttgart): Horst Bissinger KG Verlag und Druckerei. (Descriptions of the Württemberg Oberamtsamt, vol. 45). ISBN 3-7644-0044-7 ( stadtarchiv.heilbronn.de PDF; 1.6 MB)
  • Wolfram Angerbauer : When Heilbronn was still the Oberamt ... In: Swabia and Franconia. Local history supplement of the Heilbronn voice . 39th year, March 3 / April. Heilbronner Voice publishing house, 1993, ZDB -ID 128017-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State manual for Württemberg. 1928.
  2. ↑ Source for the coat of arms section: Eberhard Gönner: Wappenbuch des Stadt- und Landkreis Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area. Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 51 f.
  3. ↑ The district coat of arms in the district of Heilbronn (accessed on October 28, 2012)
  4. ^ Entry on Walther Eberbach in the contemporary history collection of the Heilbronn City Archives (accessed on October 28, 2012)
  5. ^ Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 1116 .

Web links

Wikisource: Description of the Oberamt Heilbronn from 1865  - sources and full texts