Oberamt Heilbronn
The upper office Heilbronn was a württembergischer County (on the enclosed card no. 22 ), the 1934 county Heilbronn renamed and 1938 to communities of the dissolved parties Besigheim , Brackenheim , Marbach and Neckarsulm for the district of Heilbronn enlarges was. As early as 1926, the Oberamt Heilbronn had acquired some communities from the repealed Oberamt Weinsberg . For general information on the Württemberg authorities, see Oberamt (Württemberg) .
history
The Oberamt came into being after Württemberg took possession of the territory of the imperial city of Heilbronn in 1802 - in anticipation of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss . From 1806, the district was assigned more places. It was partly from the old Württemberg area, partly from former German-Nordic or knightly villages that fell to the kingdom with the Rhine Confederation Act . Neighbors of the Oberamt, which was assigned to the Neckar District from 1818 to 1924, were the Württemberg Oberämter Weinsberg, Neckarsulm, Marbach, Besigheim and Brackenheim, the Grand Duchy of Baden and the Hessian exclave Wimpfen .
In 1926 the area of the Oberamt Heilbronn comprised 36 communities with a total area of 321.12 km². There were 23,522 buildings within the Oberamtsbereich, including 11,030 ancillary buildings. The resident population in 1925 was around 97,500.
Former gentlemen
In 1813, after the regional reform was completed, the district was made up of parts that had belonged to the following rulers in 1800:
- Imperial city of Heilbronn
Heilbronn, Böckingen, Flein, Frankenbach, Neckargartach. - Duchy of Württemberg
- Oberamt Brackenheim: Großgartach (partially);
- Oberamt Weinsberg: Horkheim;
- Lichtenstern monastery office : Obereisesheim;
- Rentkammer , Heilbronn care office: Untereisesheim.
-
German Order , Neckaroberamt
- Heilbronn office: Sontheim, Talheim (2/3);
- Kirchhausen office: Biberach, Kirchhausen.
-
Speyer Monastery
- Knights' monastery in Odenheim zu Bruchsal: Großgartach (partially).
- Heiliggeistspital Memmingen: Hipfelhof .
-
Imperial Knighthood The villages of Fürfeld and Bonfeld of the Barons of Gemmingen were registered with
the canton of Kraichgau, the Swabian knighthood . The Gemmingen third of Talheim headed to the canton of Kocher .
coat of arms
In 1927, the official body of the Heilbronn Upper Office requested a proposal for a coat of arms from the Württemberg archives department . The archive management recommended a coat of arms which, as symbols for Neckar shipping and viticulture , should show a silver anchor in blue, each accompanied by a silver cup. The district council, however, rejected the two cups as an overly emphasized symbol of enjoyment. Instead, the Oberamt adopted another coat of arms designed by Walther Eberbach (1866–1944) in 1928 , which remained in use until 1955 in the later district or district of Heilbronn. In a split shield with a lowered, curved tip, it showed a silver ear of wheat in front in black, behind in red a silver hammer turned to the left, below in gold a hanging blue grape; a blue anchor in the silver heart shield. The ear of wheat stood for agriculture, the hammer for industry and trade, the grape for viticulture and the anchor for shipping on the Neckar. From a heraldic point of view, this coat of arms was too overloaded, which is why it was replaced by another in 1955.
Communities
Population figures 1865
The following municipalities were subordinate to the Oberamt in 1865:
former parish | Population 1865 |
today's parish |
Heilbronn | 14333 | Heilbronn |
Abstatt with Happenbach | 992 | Abstatt |
Biberach | 1164 | Heilbronn |
Boeckingen | 1891 | Heilbronn |
Bonfeld | 1186 | Bad Rappenau |
Flein | 1340 | Flein |
Frankenbach | 1169 | Heilbronn |
Fürfeld | 683 | Bad Rappenau |
Groß-Gartach | 1822 | Leingarten |
Horkheim | 698 | Heilbronn |
Kirchhausen | 1181 | Heilbronn |
Neckar-Gartach | 1707 | Heilbronn |
Ober-Eisesheim | 783 | Neckarsulm |
Sontheim | 1005 | Heilbronn |
Thalheim | 1319 | Talheim |
Unter-Eisesheim | 528 | Untereisesheim |
Unter-Gruppenbach with Ober-Gruppenbach and Donnbronn |
1212 | Untergruppenbach |
total | 33013 |
Changes in the community since 1813
In 1842 the communities Abstatt and Untergruppenbach came from the Oberamt Besigheim to the Oberamt Heilbronn.
In 1919 Böckingen received city rights.
When the Oberamt Weinsberg was dissolved on April 1, 1926, the communities Affaltrach, Eberstadt , Eichelberg, Ellhofen , Eschenau, Gellmersbach , Grantschen , Holz , Hößlinsülz , Lehrensteinsfeld , Löwenstein , Neulautern , Sülzbach, Unterheinriet, Weiler bei Weinsberg, Weinsberg , Willsbach came , Wimmental and Wüstenrot to the Oberamt Heilbronn.
In 1933 Böckingen was incorporated into Heilbronn.
In 1938 Neckargartach and Sontheim were incorporated into Heilbronn.
Head of office
The head of the Oberamt was initially called Oberamtmann , and from April 19, 1928 was called District Administrator . After the establishment of the Oberamt in 1803, it was initially headed by Oberamtmann Ostertag as administrative administrator for a few months before Johann Friedrich Zeller took office from 1804.
- 1804–1808: Johann Friedrich Zeller
- 1808–1815: Friedrich Wächter
- 1815–1819: Karl August Friedrich Glocker
- 1820–1822: Christian Friedrich Reuss as administrator
- 1822–1828: Joseph Christian Schliz
- 1829–1833: Christian Friedrich Reuss
- 1834–1852: Friedrich Mugler
- 1852–1854: Gustav Friedrich Scholl
- 1855–1885: Karl Christian Meurer
- 1885–1892: Adolf Eduard Löflund
- 1892–1894: Hermann Gugel
- 1894–1896: Heinrich Otto Widmann
- 1896–1900: Wilhelm Friedrich Maier
- 1901–1912: Wilhelm Lang
- 1912–1920: Karl Mögling
- 1920–1933: Theodor Husband
- 1933–1939: Walther Fuchs
MPs
From 1815 to 1918 the Württemberg upper offices also served as electoral districts for the state assemblies from 1815 to 1819, the Chamber of Deputies of the Württemberg state estates and the three constitutional revision or advisory state assemblies from 1849 to 1850. The seven "good cities", including Heilbronn, placed up to the state assemblies of 1849/1850 each had their own deputies, so that the deputies of the Heilbronn Oberamt only represented the other municipalities.
The members of the Heilbronn Regional Office were:
- 1815–1817: Friedrich Christoph Mayer
- 1819–1825: Johann Christoph Ludwig
- 1825–1831: Ludwig August von Gärttner
- 1833–1838: Gottlieb Schmid
- 1838–1842: Ludwig Waaser
- 1843–1848: Johann Friedrich Mayer
- 1848–1849: Wilhelm Herrlinger
- 1849-1850: August Ruoff
- 1851–1868: Bernhard Nickel
- 1868–1876: Karl Haag
- 1876–1882: Friedrich Reichert
- 1882–1888: Georg Härle
- 1889–1895: Gottlieb Wagner
- 1895–1902: Robert Münzing
- 1902–1910: Wilhelm Schäffler
- 1911–1918: August Hornung
literature
- Titot (Hrsg.): Description of the Oberamt Heilbronn. New edition. Unchangeable photom. Reprint [d. Ed.] Stuttgart Verlag H. Lindemann, 1865. Reprint Magstadt (near Stuttgart): Horst Bissinger KG Verlag und Druckerei. (Descriptions of the Württemberg Oberamtsamt, vol. 45). ISBN 3-7644-0044-7 ( stadtarchiv.heilbronn.de PDF; 1.6 MB)
- Wolfram Angerbauer : When Heilbronn was still the Oberamt ... In: Swabia and Franconia. Local history supplement of the Heilbronn voice . 39th year, March 3 / April. Heilbronner Voice publishing house, 1993, ZDB -ID 128017-X .
Individual evidence
- ^ State manual for Württemberg. 1928.
- ↑ Source for the coat of arms section: Eberhard Gönner: Wappenbuch des Stadt- und Landkreis Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area. Archive Directorate Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1965 (Publications of the State Archive Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 51 f.
- ↑ The district coat of arms in the district of Heilbronn (accessed on October 28, 2012)
- ^ Entry on Walther Eberbach in the contemporary history collection of the Heilbronn City Archives (accessed on October 28, 2012)
- ^ Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 1116 .
Web links
- Holdings F 173 of the State Archives Ludwigsburg (files of the Oberamt Heilbronn)