Hößlinsülz
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Hößlinsülz
City of Löwenstein
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| Height : | 214 m |
| Area : | 3.5 km² |
| Residents : | 630 (2009) |
| Population density : | 180 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1971 |
| Postal code : | 74245 |
| Area code : | 07130 |
Hößlinsülz is a village with 630 inhabitants in the Heilbronn district in Baden-Württemberg , which has belonged to the city of Löwenstein since 1971 .
geography
Hößlinsülz is located in the upper Sulmtal on the Hößlinsülzer Bach (also called Muselbach and Waldbach), a tributary of the Sulm. Neighboring places are the Obersulmer district of Willsbach in the north and the Löwenstein districts of Rittelhof and Seemühle in the south. To the east are the homesteads Breitenauer Hof and Beckershof, which also belong to Löwenstein, and the Breitenauer See . In the west are Lehrensteinsfeld and, separated from Hößlinsülz by a wooded foothill of the Löwenstein Mountains , the village of Oberheinriet , which belongs to Untergruppenbach .
history
There are indications in the form of burial mounds , which have not yet been examined in more detail , that the area around Hößlinsülz was already settled at the time of the Celts . The place Hößlinsülz was probably founded as a clearing hamlet in the 11th or 12th century by the Counts of Löwenstein . In 1325 he was first mentioned in the Würzburg Lehenbuch as Hesenbachsultze , later forms of the name are Hesensultz (1335-1337) and Heselensülle (1454). The Middle High German word heselîn means rich in hazel bushes . The second part of the name -sultz (e) or -sülz should come either from the Celtic word Selz for bush willow or from the Swabian word sulz for muddy, boggy, so it seems to indicate damp soil. The name probably means something like moist place rich in hazel bushes . The change of the name to today's Hößlinsülz is attributed to Württemberg council clerks of the 16th century in an attempt to translate the dialect name into High German.
The place belonged administratively (court and Vogtei) to Willsbach and thus to the rule of Calw-Löwenstein ( Grafschaft Löwenstein ). With this he came to Würzburg in 1277 , to the Habsburgs in 1281 , and to the Electoral Palatinate in 1441 . When the rule of Löwenstein passed to Count Ludwig I of Löwenstein in 1488 , Elector Philipp kept some places, including Willsbach with Hößlinsülz, for himself and added them to the Electoral Palatinate Office of Weinsberg . Like this, Hößlinsülz became part of Württemberg in 1504 .
Centuries of war followed. In the Peasants' War in 1525, farmers from Hößlinsülz also joined the group of Jäcklein Rohrbach . During the Thirty Years' War there was a constant threat from wandering soldiers. In 1632 and 1634, after the Battle of Nördlingen , the population of the surrounding villages sought protection behind the Löwenstein city walls and finally hid in the woods when that was no longer of any use. In 1674 Prussian soldiers were billeted in the village, and during the War of the Palatinate Succession, twenty years later, French armies wandered around the Löwenstein area. After a long period of peace in the 18th century, the Wars of Liberation brought Russian soldiers to the Hößlinsülz quarter in 1813.
In 1816/17 the now Kingdom of Württemberg suffered a severe economic crisis, and the harvest in the year without the summer of 1816 was almost completely out of order. People also starved to death in Hößlinsülz. In December 1818 the place became an independent municipality in the Oberamt Weinsberg . After the revolution of 1848/49 , during which it remained quiet in Hößlinsülz, the old grades and tithes , which were due in Hößlinsülz Württemberg and partly also to the princes of Löwenstein, were replaced in the 1850s. In 1862 the Heilbronn – Schwäbisch Hall railway line was opened with a stop in nearby Willsbach. Despite the fairly satisfactory economic position of the population, there was a small wave of emigration in the 1880s; around 20 people left Hößlinsülz for North America in five years.
After the Upper Office Weinsberg was dissolved in 1926, Hößlinsülz was assigned to the Upper Office Heilbronn . The NS state brought the village with 296 inhabitants (in 1939) the disempowerment of the municipal council in favor of the mayor and the Heilbronn NS district leader Richard Drauz . The NSDAP , which was only able to achieve significant election results in Hößlinsülz in 1932, joined the party members in the village as a cell of the NSDAP local branch in Willsbach. In the final phase of the Second World War , Hößlinsülz took in refugees and bombed-out people from many places, and after the air raid on Heilbronn on December 4, 1944, many Heilbronn residents too. In the battle for Löwenstein on April 14, 1945, the town was partially shelled by artillery over Hößlinsülz. One house and a barn were destroyed in the village and six other houses were damaged. On the morning of April 15, American troops occupied Hößlinsülz. At the end of 1945 Hößlinsülz had 361 residents.
As part of the voluntary phase of the Baden-Württemberg district reform were from mid 1970 merger considerations in the communities in the upper Sulmtal. Hößlinsülz with then 471 inhabitants had little chance of remaining independent and had to orientate itself either to Willsbach (later municipality of Obersulm) or Löwenstein. A joint cooperative bank and vineyard association spoke for Willsbach, for Löwenstein the joint Protestant parish, the joint mayor since 1966 and the joint elementary school since 1969. In September / October 1970, the Hößlinsülz and Löwensteiner municipal councils agreed on the voluntary integration of Hößlinsülz on January 1st 1971. A corresponding agreement was adopted by the local councils in Hößlinsülz on November 12, and in Löwenstein on December 3; the Hößlinsülzer voted in a public hearing on December 13th with a majority of 74% of the 269 voters. The incorporation could take effect on January 1, 1971. Since it was one of the first incorporations within the framework of the Baden-Württemberg community reform, it received a lot of attention. In 1974, the Heiligenfeld new building area was opened up, increasing the population from around 350 to over 600.
Religions
In Hößlinsülz there is neither its own parish nor a church building. The Protestant Christians belong to the parish of Löwenstein, the Catholics to the Catholic parish of Affaltrach.
Initially, Hößlinsülz belonged to (Obersulm-) Sülzbach as a subsidiary community, then (probably from 1345) to Löwenstein. With a slight delay compared to the rest of Württemberg, the Reformation was introduced in Löwenstein and thus also in Hößlinsülz in the 16th century . Because of the long way to the church in Löwenstein, the Hößlinsülzer tried several times unsuccessfully to be re-pasture to Willsbach, the last time in 1925. In 1869 Hößlinsülz was given its own cemetery, before the dead had been buried in Löwenstein.
politics
Administrative history
Until 1818 Hößlinsülz was subordinate to the Willsbach staff school, which was responsible for several small villages and hamlets without their own school . After the village had become an independent municipality in December 1818, it had its own mayor from 1819 (from December 1, 1930, mayor). The citizens were represented by the local council and the citizens' committee. At the time of National Socialism from 1933, the citizens' committee was dissolved and the municipal council was cut in half to just four members. Resolutions were now made by the mayor "after hearing the municipal councils", controlled by the NS district leader. On January 23, 1946, there was another municipal council election for the first time since the end of the Nazi dictatorship. After being incorporated into the town of Löwenstein in 1971, Hößlinsülz was guaranteed three seats in the Löwenstein municipal council for each of the next three election periods.
badges and flags
The Hößlinsülzer coat of arms shows a split shield above in silver a red grape between two red apples, below in red three (2: 1) silver labels. The three silver shields on red were the coat of arms of the Lords of Weinsberg , an indication of the affiliation of Hößlinsülz to the Weinsberg office from 1488. The Württemberg archives had proposed a different coat of arms in 1913 and again in 1938/39, the shields in the lower half as well the gentlemen of Weinsberg, but in the upper half was to show a striding red lion in gold on a green mountain of three; a reference to the county of Löwenstein, to which Hößlinsülz previously belonged. When the coat of arms was established in 1949, the wine and fruit growing symbols were chosen instead.
The flag of Hößlinsülz was red and white. The coat of arms and flag were awarded to the community of Hößlinsülz on May 8, 1963 by the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior.
Culture and sights
The Hößlinsülzer half-timbered village press was built in 1597 and originally stood on the wine press outside the village. In 1822 it was moved to its current location on Kelterplatz in the north of the village, and in 1834 the municipality bought the building from the Royal Camera Office. In 1937 it was leased to the Hößlinsülzer Weingärtnergenossenschaft Oberes Weinsberger Tal , which it converted and used until 1969 (the last autumn before its merger with the Weingärtnergenossenschaft in Willsbach in 1970). In 1983 the wine press was renovated and partially rebuilt by the Liederkranz Hößlinsülz Choral Society and presented to the public with a festival on July 10, 1983. Since then it has served as a venue for festivities.
The Hößlinsülz poor house from 1744, later during the Nazi era HJ home and after the Second World War refugee accommodation, at last no longer inhabited and probably the last typical poor house in the Unterland , was dismantled in the summer of 1987 by the Hohenloher open air museum in Wackershofen and a few large parts in the Museum in Schwäbisch Hall relocated . It has been open to the public there since September 8, 1988.
The community life in Hößlinsülz is largely supported by the local associations. In addition to the Liederkranz founded in 1880, which regularly organizes festivals, these are the voluntary fire brigade founded in 1936 (but which has existed since at least 1886) , the rural women (founded in 1950) and the shooting club from 1958, which organizes the annual shooting festival.
Economy and Infrastructure
The traditional basis of the economy in Hößlinsülz was agriculture , especially fruit and wine growing , which is also indicated by the local coat of arms and the local name Stibbich (going back to an old dialect for a fruit barrel). Until 1936 only Schiller wine was produced; From 1937 onwards, the Upper Weinsberger Tal - Hößlinsülz e. G. mb H. in equal parts red and white wine in the village press leased by the community. In 1970 she joined the Willsbacher Weingärtnergenossenschaft Mittleres Weinsberger Tal e. G. (today Weingärtner Willsbach ). Mainly Riesling , Schwarzriesling , Silvaner and Kerner are grown on around 40 hectares of vineyards .
In 1914 the connection to the water supply followed, from 1915 the supply of electricity. However, it was not until 1938 that all houses were connected to the power grid. Sewerage for sewage disposal began in 1932; its completion began in 1969 and was completed in 1971. Hößlinsülz has been connected to the upper and middle Sulmtal group sewage treatment plant since 1965.
Until the 1960s, most of the people from Hößlinsülz were active in agriculture and many craftsmen and tradespeople were based in Hößlinsülz. With the influx of new residents into the new development areas and increasing mobility, the employment structure changed. The majority of the working population is now employed outside the village, only a few full-time farmers remain.
traffic
The B 39 only runs a few hundred meters past Hößlinsülz and is connected to the village by the K 2105 spur road. Hößlinsülz has no rail connection, the next train station is in neighboring Obersulm- Willbach. The public transport began in 1907 with the first bus line Mainhardt -Löwenstein-Willsbach over Hößlinsülz and is handled as before with buses, today the traffic group HNV .
education
Hößlinsülz used to have its own school, which is documented for the first time in 1682 and since 1884 it has been housed in an extension to the then town hall. The school was closed in September 1969, the Hößlinsülz primary school students have been attending the Manfred Kyber primary school in Löwenstein since then, the secondary school students at the Michael Beheim school in Obersulm-Willsbach since 1965. The secondary school and a Protestant grammar school are also located in Obersulm, the state grammar school in Weinsberg. A kindergarten was set up in the Hößlinsülz school building in 1972 on the basis of the integration agreement with Löwenstein.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Maier (see literature), pp. 45/46
- ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 1: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in Northern Württemberg
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 450 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 450 .
- ↑ Maier (see literature), p. 61
- ^ Paul Veit: Church history of Löwenstein . In: 700 years of the city of Löwenstein (see literature), pp. 295-310. On the Reformation in Löwenstein pp. 301–304
- ↑ Source of the section coat of arms and flag : Eberhard Gönner: Wappenbuch des Stadt- und Landkreis Heilbronn with a territorial history of this area . Stuttgart, 1965 (Publications of the State Archives Administration Baden-Württemberg, 9). P. 97
- ^ Page of the open air museum on the poor house ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved April 22, 2007
literature
- Christina Maier: The village of Hößlinsülz through the ages . In: Poor care in Württemberg's past. The shepherd's and poor house Hößlinsülz . Mahl, Schwäbisch Hall 1989, ISBN 3-923740-24-7 (catalogs and accompanying books of the Hohenloher Freilandmuseum, 6), pp. 38–69
- 700 years of the city of Löwenstein 1287–1987. A homeland and non-fiction book . City of Löwenstein, Löwenstein 1987
