Frankenbach (Heilbronn)
  district of Heilbronn |
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| Coordinates | 49 ° 9 '40 " N , 9 ° 10' 23" E |
| surface | 8.889 km² |
| Residents | 5770 (Dec 2017) |
| Population density | 649 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Apr 1, 1974 |
| Post Code | 74078, 74080 |
| prefix | 07131 |
Administration address |
Speyerer Strasse 13 74078 Heilbronn |
Frankenbach is a district of Heilbronn , which already belonged to the imperial city in the late Middle Ages, was later an independent municipality and was incorporated again in 1974.
location
Frankenbach is located northwest of Heilbronn city center, approx. 4.5 km as the crow flies from the center, in the valley of the Leinbach . The old town center is north of the Leinbach. Since the Second World War, settlement has spread on both sides of the Leinbach and also along the Rotbach, which flows in from the north, and to some of the surrounding mountain ranges. To the south and east, the development has come closer to that of the Heilbronn districts of Böckingen and Neckargartach, which have also grown, to within a few hundred meters . The district of Frankenbach extends about two kilometers northwest of the development over mostly agricultural areas, in the middle of which the Hipfelhof, which was incorporated into Frankenbach in the 19th century, is located.
history
Frankenbach is located on an old Roman road to the fort in Böckingen . The place was first mentioned as Francunbach in a donation to Lorsch Abbey in 767. In 807 Francunbach is mentioned again in pago Gardachgowe , Frankenbach im Gartachgau , in a donation from Widegowo. In Frankenbach there is said to have been a castle, from which the field names Burgäcker and Schanze as well as a place called Burgstall come from. The Albanskirche was supposedly built on the castle. A deep moat can still be seen north of the Albanskirche, which once surrounded the whole place.
The monastery Nonnenmünster in Worms, the Teutonic Order , the Klarakloster , the Katharinenspital and the parish care in Heilbronn, the Heiliggeistspital and the Dominican monastery in Wimpfen as well as the lords of Gemmingen and the lords of Remchingen owned property in medieval Frankenbach . In 1426 George the Fat from Gemmingen ceded his share in Frankenbach to Heinrich von Remchingen. The latter pledged Frankenbach (and Weiler) to the Lords of Talheim, who in turn pledged the place to the imperial city of Heilbronn, which in turn obtained the right of patronage in Frankenbach from the Teutonic Order. Martin Göler von Ravensburg, a nephew of George the Fat, tried in vain from 1438 to 1441 to regain part of Frankenbach.
The place was hit several times by wars in the early modern period. In 1439, both Frankenbach and Böckingen were set on fire in a feud with Benningen. In October 1550, the Spanish army under Emperor Charles V set up its headquarters in Wimpfen, while Spanish soldiers marched into the villages of Böckingen and Frankenbach on the left of the Neckar, which were looted and sacked. On May 7, 1622 after the Battle of Wimpfen and again on November 25 of the same year, Frankenbach was sacked by Tilly's soldiers. In 1634 Frankenbach was again set on fire and robbed by the imperial army. On August 17, 1675 and again in 1693, the French army burned Frankenbach down after taking the church bells with them.
After the end of the imperial city time of Heilbronn, Frankenbach became an independent municipality in 1803, which was part of the Heilbronn Oberamt . Due to the former affiliation, a high degree of integration with the city of Heilbronn remained, which was later expressed through gas and water supply as well as sewage disposal and city bus connections, etc. In the 19th century, the Hipfelhof was incorporated into Frankenbach. In addition to the dominant agriculture, there were also sand and gravel pits in Frankenbach. The population also increasingly worked in the industrial areas created in Heilbronn and Neckargartach and grew to almost 1,700 inhabitants in 1901. The population growth was also expressed in the need for a second schoolhouse after the old schoolhouse on Kirchstrasse was no longer sufficient. At the turn of the century, a second schoolhouse was therefore built on Hauptstrasse at the southern end of the village (today at the corner of Saarbrückener Strasse and Brechhausstrasse). The Freiwillige Feuerwehr Frankenbach was founded in 1886. A first gymnasium was built in the early 1920s. It later served the fire brigade as a magazine and later went on in today's building yard. The Evangelical Methodist community built its own church in the center of the village in 1932. In 1936 the place got an outdoor swimming pool.
In 1939 there were 2270 inhabitants, at the end of 1945 there were 2459.
After the Second World War, the Heilbronn District Office had specific plans for the construction of a large housing estate for up to 5,000 people on the Hipfelhof grounds in the Frankenbacher district, for which the owner could not gain the necessary space, so that the federal model estate finally got some Kilometers northeast near Neckarsulm and the Hipfelhof was preserved as an estate. But even without the Hipfelhof project, after the Second World War, Frankenbach fundamentally changed its face by opening up large new building areas and growing in almost all directions. In the 1960s and 1970s alone, new development areas were built on an area of 24 hectares, including the Maihalde residential area in the northwest of Frankenbach on a ridge . At the same time, a structural change also took place in the town center, with more and more farmers moving from the town center to Aussiedlerhöfe north of the town. A multi-purpose hall was built in 1954, and in 1964 a large school center with a primary and secondary school as well as a teaching pool was inaugurated, appropriate to the growing population. The old schoolhouse on Kirchstrasse gave way to Schnepfbrunnenplatz , the Wilhelminian style schoolhouse at the southern end of the village was demolished and the property was built over with a nine-story high-rise in 1969. In the Frankenbacher Mühle, which had been occupied since the 14th century, the mill operation ended in 1970, the neighboring bridge house, an old customs station, gave way to the new construction of the Leinbrücke. The old sheep house in the Leintal, last used as a social housing, was built over with a new residential complex in the early 1970s. The Frankenbacher open-air swimming pool in the Leintal closed in 1972 and a playground was created in its place.
Despite the extensive construction work and structural changes, the community was structurally and financially in order when it was incorporated into Heilbronn on April 1, 1974. At this point in time, Frankenbach had around 5200 inhabitants and the municipal area was around 900 hectares. The largest Heilbronn pumping station is located between Frankenbach and the Heilbronn district of Neckargartach, which regulates the water supply to almost all districts.
The structural change of the place continues into the present. The attempt to establish industry was short-lived. The mechanical engineering company Passat , which had a factory for industrial laundry dryers on Würzburger Strasse, relocated to another location, and the factory premises were built over with a supermarket. The traditional retail trade, the inns and old farmhouses are gradually disappearing from the townscape. The old Methodist Church in the center of the village was demolished in 1985 and a residential complex was built over it. A little later, the old building opposite the old town hall fell and new residential and commercial buildings were built over on Rathausplatz . Former shopping streets like Backhausstraße are now almost entirely residential streets.
politics
District Advisory Board
Like the districts of Biberach, Horkheim, Kirchhausen and Klingenberg, which were also incorporated in the course of the Baden-Württemberg municipal reform, Frankenbach also has a district advisory council . By resolution of the Heilbronn municipal council, there has been a district advisory council with ten members in each district since 2014. Local political issues that affect the district are discussed there. After the 2014 local elections, the Frankenbach district advisory council was composed of three SPD councilors, three CDU councilors and one representative each from the FDP, Free Voters, Greens and AfD. The SPD provides the spokesperson, the CDU the deputy.
Councilors
After the municipal elections in 2014, Frankenbach will be represented in the Heilbronn municipal council by a city councilor.
coat of arms
Frankenbach did not have its own seal, which can be concluded from the fact that Heilbronn had to seal for the Frankenbachers. It was not until the 20th century that Frankenbach received its own coat of arms.
- The coat of arms with plow implements and "F" : Frankenbach's coat of arms from 1903 showed a blue ploughshare on a red background, flanked by two plow knives. Below that was the black letter "F".
- The coat of arms with rake and brook: Since 1910, the coat of arms of Frankenbach has shown the Franconian rake on a horizontally divided shield above and a brook below. The brook refers to the place name and turns the coat of arms into a speaking coat of arms.
Architectural and cultural monuments
- The Protestant Albanskirche was first mentioned in 1476. At the church a remnant of the former village trench with retaining walls made of stone blocks and an arched bridge of 1824 runs at the church there is also the Frankenbacher war memorial in 1938. The nearby baroque Protestant parsonage in Church Street 4 was built in 1695 and renovated 1756th
- The Catholic St. John's Church was built as a branch church of the Böckinger Kilianskirche from 1972 and was consecrated on December 22, 1974. Since 1980 Frankenbach has formed its own Catholic parish with the Böckingen residential areas Kreuzgrund and Schanz .
- The old town hall , a two-story building from the 18th century, and the historic Stern Gasthaus are located on the main street ( B 39 ) . The former Gasthaus Lamm in Stauchenstrasse has an unusually arched roof. In the further course of Stauchenstrasse, the former village moat with stone bridge from the church to the cemetery is still preserved.
- There are several listed residential buildings, including the Bohl house, which is exceptionally urban as the residence of a shepherd, and the stable house in Kirchstrasse. 17 .
- The Hipfelhof is an estate outside Frankenbach with several historical individual buildings such as the Cotta'schen Villa or the mill .
Alban's Church
Evangelical rectory
Johanneskirche
War memorial from 1938
Personalities
- Friedrich Reichert (1824–1907), mayor and member of the state parliament
- Martin Hunger (1893–1986), painter, lived in Frankenbach from 1929 until after the Second World War
- Martin Hautzinger (* 1950), psychologist and university professor, was born in Frankenbach
Utzname of the population
The name of the Frankenbacher is Blunsa .
This name goes back to the fact that a butcher from Frankenbach is said to have bought sausage in Heilbronn. His horse is said to have been exhausted on a hill between Böckingen and Frankenbach. To give the horse a break, the butcher looked in vain for a stone to use as a wheel chock for the wagon . He therefore used a previously purchased Blunsa, a blood sausage , as a brake block . He was being watched.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Heilbronn Info Population Numbers . Retrieved September 14, 2018 .
- ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 4), Certificate 2748, July 25th 767 - Reg. 195. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 221 , accessed on January 5, 2018 .
- ^ Eugen Knupfer: Document book of the city of Heilbronn , Volume 1, Heilbronn 1904, pp. 288–290, no. 579.
- ↑ Communications from the Württ. And Bad. State Statistical Office No. 1: Results of the population census on December 31, 1945 in Northern Württemberg
- ^ City of Heilbronn, Administrative Report 1979–1982, p. 137
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 464 .
- ↑ Günter Krause: Gerschtahewwel 100 percent. 18th big castle festival; Kirchhausen 3rd to 5th July 2009 (publisher Ortskartell Heilbronn-Kirchhausen), Heilbronn 2009, p. 5.
- ↑ Ulrich Häcker, Jost Kubin: We live in Heilbronn - children get to know their city . Ed .: City of Heilbronn.
literature
- Interest group “Heimatgeschichte” Frankenbach: past and present for the future , Heilbronn-Frankenbach 2009
- Eugen Knupfer (edit.): Document book of the city of Heilbronn . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1904 ( Württemberg historical sources . N. F. 5)
- Description of the Oberamt Heilbronn . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1901/1903
Web links
Biberach | Böckingen | Frankenbach | Horkheim | Kirchhausen | Klingenberg | Neckargartach | Sontheim