Remchingen (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Lords of Remchingen

The Lords of Remchingen were originally ministerials of the Counts of Grüningen and, after 1121, of the Counts of Vaihingen , who had their headquarters in Remmingen in the Lower Enz Valley . A branch of the family settled near Wilferdingen in the Pfinztal around 1300 . A later line reached the baron rank .

history

Castle stable of the headquarters in Rotenacker with border stone in front of the former moat
View from the castle stables of the Remminger Schlössle onto the settlement area of ​​the village of Remmichingen

Beginnings

The first known representatives of the family are "Sigeboto von Remmincheim", who appeared in 1089 after the neighboring ministerial Marquard von Grüningen as a witness for Count Werner von Grüningen for the Bempflingen contract , "Cunrad von Remichingin", who witnessed a purchase contract from the Bishop of in 1160 Speyer was for the Maulbronn Monastery , and Wolfhard von Remchingen, who is said to have participated in a knight tournament in Zurich in 1165 . Both their relationship and the descent of later family members from them is only partially understandable. Due to the inverted coat of arms, a relationship with the Lords of Venningen is likely, who once had their seat in Bietigheim . In addition, they were probably related to the Lords of Wihingen ( Enzweihingen ) and the Lords of Sachsenheim .

Headquarters

Was the seat of the family Remichingen or Remmigheim with the Remminger Schlössle , one in the 16th century desolate fallen settlement on the slip face a Enzschleife south of Untermberg that today the city -Bissingen Bietigheim in the district of Ludwigsburg belongs.

Around 1259, Berthold "von Remichigen", together with his brother "Cunradus advocatus" (Vogt von Vaihingen an der Enz ) sealed a certificate from Werner von Nöttingen and his daughters, presumably as son-in-law and future local lord of Nöttingen or lord of the castle who was renamed or after his gender newly built moated castle Remchingen near Wilferdingen , which was first documented in 1304. The castle was located in the territory of the municipality of Remchingen , founded in 1973 , which in turn derives its name from the Lords of Remchingen. The bailiwick of the surrounding villages of Wilferdingen, Nöttingen, Singen , Darmsbach and Kleinsteinbach belonged to the castle . The tasks of the lords of the castle initially included clearing and cultivating neighboring areas. In this way the von Remchingen founded the villages Auerbach and Mutschelbach .

Fiefdoms

The lords of Remchingen were ministerials and fiefs of various territorial lords . Until 1121 these were the Counts of Grüningen , around 1160 the Counts of Vaihingen . The Margraves of Baden then followed for Remchingen Castle and its surroundings, initially together with the Counts of Eberstein and the Weissenburg Monastery .

Coat of arms frieze for the donkey in the Heiliggeistkirche in Heidelberg (before 1450)

Tournament companies

From 1414 to at least 1488 the Lords of Remchingen were members of the tournament society with the donkey . The coat of arms also appears in the society in the Leitbracken of Swabia.

Loss of Remchingen Castle

The free property of the Lords of Remchingen probably consisted of Remchingen Castle and some land in the vicinity. They did not succeed in maintaining their own property. In the course of time they became more and more dependent on their feudal lords until they finally had to give up the castle before 1429 and could only use one farmstead within the complex. It was not until 1510 that Martin von Remchingen gradually regained the castle as a fief. However, his methods towards the population were so selfish that the Margravial Baden arbitration court had to intervene. Martin's sons returned the fief to the House of Baden in 1562. During this time, the family finally left their headquarters and split into two lines, the Württemberg and Swabian lines, named after the Bavarian region of Swabia. Martin and his sons were members of the knight canton Neckar-Black Forest in 1548 .

Possession Neuenbürg

As early as the 14th century, the lords of Remchingen in Neuenbürg in the Kraichgau were wealthy, later as a fiefdom of the Counts of Eberstein. In the second half of the 15th century, the owners of the New Citizens' feud received Weingarten in the Palatinate from the Lords of Hirschhorn . These from Remchingen were also named as officials in the Baden part of Lahr . The Neuenbürg fief does not seem to have been inherited in a direct line, as various branches of the family appeared there. The presence of those from Remchingen in Neuenbürg ended before 1661.

Epitaph for Johann Sigmund von Remchingen in the Martinskirche (Kirchheim unter Teck)

Württemberg line

One of the sons of Martin von Remchingen, the last lord of the castle on Remchingen, was Johann Sigismund von Remchingen (1541–1604). He became Obervogt zu Kirchheim unter Teck and was the founder of the Württemberg line, which flourished in large numbers over five generations and went out on April 23, 1735 with the canoness Dorothea Amalia von Remchingen. Members of this line were also in various Baden services.

Baronian, Swabian line on apple string

A brother of Johann Sigismund was Daniel von Remchingen (1526–1576), Baden councilor in Pforzheim , 1565 Obervogt in Wildbad . The second line goes back to him and his son Carl Ulrich, which later became wealthy in the Bavarian Swabia and is therefore called the Swabian line.

The Lords of Remchingen converted to the Protestant denomination soon after the Reformation had germinated . Only a few converted back to Catholicism, for example in 1640 Philipp Julius von Remchingen (1606–1681), imperial lieutenant colonel, councilor in Augsburg , nurse at Sonthofen . He received the fief of the aristocratic estate and village of Apfeltrang in the Allgäu in 1659 from the Bishop of Augsburg. It remained with the Barons of Remchingen until the male line capable of feuding there died out in 1757. It is unclear when the title of baron was awarded.

The last name bearer was Ludovica Freiin von Remchingen, nun, who died after the gravestone in Füssen in 1793 after the male line had already expired with her brother Franz Adam, canon in Berchtesgaden in 1779. Both came from a side branch of the Swabian line.

Epitaph for Philipp Julius von Remchingen, local lord of Apfeltrang in the Allgäu in the parish church of St. Michael in Apfeltrang

Personalities

coat of arms

Two crossed silver lily wands ( glaives ) in red . The crest is an armless virgin in a red robe with crossed silver glaives, crowned with gold and with a gold braid. The glaives on the garment are missing in individual depictions. Helmet covers: red and silver.

literature

Remarks

  1. ^ Stefan Schipperges: The Bempflinger contract of 1089/90. Esslingen 1990, p. 113.
  2. ↑ 1160, in addition to "Cunrat de Remichingin", two other neighboring ministerials , Heinrich and Wortwin "de Wihingin" ( Enzweihingen ), and some free people are listed as neighboring feudal people of Count Egino von Vaihingen : for example "Adelbreth de Burfultingin" ( powder things ), " Sigewart de Uraha ”( Aurich ),“ Wernher de Russewag ”( Roßwag ) and“ Cunrat de Nuzdorf ”( Nussdorf ). Source: HStA Stuttgart (A 502 U 9), text in WUB Volume II., No. 374, pp. 132–134 WUB online .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Otto Bickel, u. A .: Remchingen - history of its districts and the noble family of the same name . Remchingen 1993, p. 54-107 .
  4. ^ A b c d e Julius Kindler von Knobloch: Upper Baden gender book. Volume 3, Heidelberg 1919, pp. 491 and 494, urn : nbn: de: bsz: 16-diglit-26070 .
  5. ^ Markus Otto: The lords of Wihingen and the relatives of the lords of Remmigheim ; Lecture from February 22, 1991. In: Südwestdeutsche Blätter für Familien- und Wappenkunde . 20. 1991/93. Pp. 89-91.
  6. ↑ Other medieval spellings were 1089 "von Remmincheim", 1160 "von Remichingin", 1258 "von Remchigen", 1287 "Remenkein", 1291 "Remichain", 1296 "Remmenkein" and 1495 "Remmichingen". See Landeskundeportal Leo BW and WUB online .
  7. ↑ Source: WUB Volume V., No. 1513, pp. 281–282 WUB online
  8. ↑
      Pag. 267 in the Ingeram Codex
  9. ↑ Municipality of Ruderatshofen (ed.): History of Ruderatshofen and its districts, section Apfeltrang. ( ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: ruderatshofen.de )), accessed March 9, 2013.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.ruderatshofen.de
  10. ↑ Christoph Bauer: History of Swabia up to the end of the 18th century . 3. Edition. CH Beck, Munich 2001 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  11. ↑ Search Remichingen and Remichain at WUB online .
  12. ↑ Alexandra Kohlberger: Kloster Holzen - Benedictine Sisters in the Valley of the Schmutter , Online , accessed March 9, 2013.
  13. ↑
    Commons : Coat of arms of the Lords of Remchingen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

    , Accessed March 9, 2013.

See also

Web links

Commons : Remchingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files