Lords of Roßwag
The Lords of Roßwag were noble-free people who had their headquarters in the municipality of the same name, Roßwag , which today belongs to the town of Vaihingen an der Enz in Baden-Württemberg . They had close ties to Maulbronn Monastery and, as loyal followers of the Staufer, came to extensive possessions and political influence.
history
Ascent on the side of the Staufer
The noble-free sex, which, like the Ebersteiners who were probably related to them, had a five-petalled rose in their coat of arms, can be traced back to the 12th to the 14th century. The first documented representative was Werner von Roßwag, who was involved in the establishment of the Maulbronn Monastery in 1148 alongside the noble Walter von Lomersheim and Bertha von Grüningen . In the 12th century, Hirsau Monastery also booked the donation of several goods by Roßwager. The construction of the Martinskirche and two castles are attributed to them at their headquarters.
A Roßwager was first mentioned as a witness of a Hohenstaufen in 1181, when Emperor Friedrich I issued a certificate in Eßlingen to protect the Denkendorf monastery . In 1206 a "Wernherus de Rossewâk" in Eßlingen testified to a judgment of King Philip in a dispute between Ulrich von Iptingen and Maulbronn Monastery. In addition, Werner sealed the alliance between King Philip and King Philip August of France against King Richard the Lionheart of England and the anti -king Otto IV on June 29, 1198 in Worms . As close companions of the Hohenstaufen , the Lords of Roßwag gained and increased political influence in the empire their fief and their own property beyond the Enzgau , especially in the Ufgau , Pfinzgau and Kraichgau . Albert von Roßwag became the imperial court judge of Friedrich II and adviser to King Henry VII.
In 1243 "Heinricus de Roswach" appeared as a witness for the Bishop of Speyer and the Margraves of Baden. In 1254, the brothers Rudolf and Otto von Roßwag, along with Count Gottfried von Calw, belonged to a committee of twelve that was supposed to settle the dispute over Weissach between Maulbronn Monastery and the knight Berthold Strubecho. 1259 Otto von Roßwag was designated as a district judge.
In 1279 "Werner von Rossewac" and his wife Elisabet sold their tithes in Vaihingen to the brothers Werner and Werner Hopfin, citizens of Pforzheim , for 100 pounds hellers by giving them " resignation on the open Kaiserstraße ". In addition, Elizabeth declared, apparently the heiress of this tithe, that she had promised the buyers on oath that she would not prosecute them before either a spiritual or a secular court. "Růdolfus iunior de Rossewac" and "Reinhardus et Otto, fratres de Rossewac" were also listed as witnesses to this sale.
In 1281 Petrissa, Otto von Rosswag's widow, sold the Albrechtshof in Illingen , named after her father-in-law Albrecht the Elder von Rosswag, to the Katharinenspital in Esslingen , with the consent of her sons Rudolf and Otto. Among the witnesses were Rudolf the Elder von Rosswag, his son Rudolf and his uncle Wernher, and Dean Burchard von Rosswag.
Division of the headquarters
Towards the end of the 13th century there were family disputes over the church rate of Roßwager Martinskirche. Rudolf von Roßwag therefore replaced the claims of noble Konrad von Wiesloch and his wife Hiltrud in 1283 against payment of 150 pounds of Heller. Among the witnesses are the dean of Roßwag (probably Burchard von Roßwag) and the brothers "Wernherus et Heinricus de Rosewach". After another family quarrel, there was a notable turning point at the headquarters in 1300, when Rudolf von Roßwag transferred his patronage rights to the parish church with the consent of his wife and brother, the local pastor Burchard von Roßwag, to Maulbronn Monastery. By this time the aristocratic family is said to have split into an Altroßwager and a Neurosswager line. The construction of a second headquarters in Roßwag goes back to the latter: Neurosswag Castle , built before 1301, on the right of the Enz .
Departure and successor
In the mid-14th century, both local lineages of the male line are believed to have died out. Elisabeth, an heir daughter of Heinrich Wohlgemuts von Roßwag, who died in 1341, brought part of the allodial property into her marriage to a gentleman from Remchingen . Altroßwag Castle and the associated shares in the village came to the relatives Wolf and Jacob von Stein , who sold their share on March 13, 1394 to the Maulbronn Monastery, which was already wealthy here.
Neurosswag Castle with shares in the village had previously come to the House of Württemberg , which on June 20, 1372 pledged everything for 4,000 guilders to Maulbronn Monastery, subject to the right of opening, and for the pledge (except for escort and wild bans ) on August 12, 1394 sold on condition that the castle be demolished. The monastery was able to round off its property here with further acquisitions from the lords von Sturmfeder , von Bernhausen , von Höfingen and von Urbach , which suggests a relationship with the Roßwagern.
Abbess Elisabeth and the choir women of the Oberstenfeld monastery certified on March 25, 1351 that Guta von Roßwag, "choir woman there", and her widowed sister Elisabeth von Remchingen , meanwhile a nun of the monastery in Lauffen , their personal belongings from goods at Merklingen , which the monastery Herrenalb had acquired from her brother Berthold von Roßwag († before 1351), former Auxiliary Bishop of Konstanz and Titular Bishop of Perfeteon , to Heinrich von Strasbourg, monk of the Herrenalb monastery , for 20 pounds of Heller and, like the monastery of Oberstenfeld itself, on all claims have renounced those goods.
Altroßwag Castle
The ancestral castle Altroßwag was a hilltop castle to the left above the Enzschlinge on the north-western boundary of Roßwag (location: ⊙ at 250 m above sea level ), which was probably built in the 11th or 12th century, but is only documented for 1301. After the male line of the von Roßwag family died out, the castle came to Maulbronn Monastery via Wolf and Jacob von Stein , which is said to have left it to decay because it was not used. All that remains of the castle are the remains of the walls and excavations, which are not open to the public due to the nearby steep drop of a limestone rock .
Neurosswag Castle
Neurosswag Castle , built in the 13th century to the right of the Enz, had to be demolished after being sold in 1394. Because the procedure was evidently very thorough and the stones were reused, the size and location of the castle stables could no longer be determined exactly in the 19th century. In his description of the upper office, Paul tried an approximation based on the location of the chapel and traditional field names: South of Roßwag, at “a beautiful point on the steep edge of the valley against the Enz”, foundations of the former chapel of St. Nicholas and the remains of one could still be seen in 1856 Crypt and a surrounding moat. At the foot of this mountain ledge "a slight foothill" against the Enz was called "Auf der Burg". "Next to this is the name" Burggarten "and opposite on the other side of the Enz are the castle meadows." If you take the field name "In der Burg" literally on the Urflurkarte from 1833, Neurosswag should have been a moated castle on a Werder der Enz be. The community Ortbild Roßwag (GOR) suspects the location further south on the height.
literature
- Herbert Hilz: The gentlemen from Rosswag. Certificates and pedigree of a medieval knight family . In: Südwestdeutsche Blätter für Familien- und Wappenkunde 21 (1994–1997), pp. 359–368.
- Thomas Müller, Kristina Anger: Castles and palaces in the Ludwigsburg region - palaces, castles, ruins and stables in the Ludwigsburg district and the surrounding area . Published by the Ludwigsburger Kreiszeitung, Verlag Ungeheuer und Ulmer, Ludwigsburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-930872-65-7 , p. 131.
- Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Issued by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. pp. 220ff. Wikisource .
- Konrad Theiss u. Hermann Baumhauer (ed.): The district of Vaihingen . Heimat und Wirtschaft, Stuttgart 1962.
Remarks
- ↑ Württ. Urkundenbuch (WUB) Volume II., No. 327, Pages 43–45 WUB online .
- ↑ WUB Volume II., No. 427, page 215 WUB online .
- ↑ WUB Volume II., No. 529, pages 353-354 WUB online .
- ↑ Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen, p. 225, in Wikisource
- ↑ local dictionary at www.leo-bw.de .
- ↑ WUB Volume III., No. 876, pages 374-375 WUB online .
- ↑ WUB Volume VI., No. N20, pages 462-463 WUB online
- ^ WUB Volume V., No. 1302, pages 67-69 WUB online .
- ^ WUB Volume V., No. 1558, pages 318-319 WUB online .
- ↑ WUB Volume VIII., No. 2892, pp. 176-177 WUB online .
- ↑ Source: Document book of the city of Eßlingen, 1899, Volume 1, p. 65f
- ↑ WUB Volume VIII., No. 3241, Page 394 WUB online .
- ^ "[...] quia liberi nostri in eodem monasterio sub regulari disciplina enutriti domino famulantur". See WUB Volume XI., No. 5399, page 346 WUB online .
- ↑ Other members of the family referred to the Oberamts description as of "Roßwag- Grötzingen ", "Roßwag- Usenberg " or "Roßwag- Bönnigheim ". Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen, p. 226, in Wikisource .
- ↑ Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen, p. 226, in Wikisource .
- ↑ local dictionary at www.leo-bw.de .
- ↑ Titular bishops were named after lost dioceses (mostly located in Turkey or in the Middle East).
- ↑ HStA Stuttgart A 489 U 491 LABW online
- ↑ Konrad Theiss u. Hermann Baumhauer (Ed.): Der Kreis Vaihingen , Stuttgart 1962, p. 104.
- ↑ VTS summer puzzle: Today Roßwag. In: Vaihinger Kreiszeitung. August 24, 2010, accessed February 10, 2014 . and entry on Altroßwag, Burgrest in the private database "Alle Burgen" ..
- ↑ local dictionary at www.leo-bw.de .
- ↑ Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen, p. 226, in Wikisource .
- ↑ Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen, p. 225, in Wikisource .
- ↑ See location search by the GOR: Search in the Laihle. Community Ortsbild Roßwag eV, January 27, 2014, accessed on March 10, 2015 .
