Grötzingen (Karlsruhe)

Grötzingen
District of the city of Karlsruhe
Basic data
Geographer. location	49 ° 1 ′  N , 8 ° 30 ′  E Coordinates: 49 ° 1 ′  N , 8 ° 30 ′  E
height	127 m above sea level NN
surface	11.3358 km²
Residents	9,211 (as of June 30, 2016)
Population density	813 inhabitants per km²
Incorporated	1st January 1974
Postcodes	76229
prefix	0721
Transport links
Highway
Federal road
Light rail	S 4 S 5 S 51
Bus routes	21 22

Grötzingen is a district on the eastern edge of Karlsruhe . Grötzingen was incorporated into Karlsruhe on January 1, 1974, covers 11.3 km² and had 9,168 inhabitants on June 30, 2014.

history

Town hall and village square of Grötzingen

The first settlements can be found in the 4th and 7th centuries north and south of the Pfinz . "Grezingen", as it was named after Grezzo, the elder of the clan, was first mentioned in a document in connection with the Salian church robbery in 985, whereby the place was withdrawn from its previous owner, the Alsatian monastery in Weißenburg . Via the Salians , Grötzingen came into the possession of the Staufer family in the 12th century . At this time, Durlach was founded in the Grötzinger district . A fort mentioned in the 13th century is most likely the castle on the Turmberg , which served the Grötzinger counts as a manor. The church in the village with the well-known twisted spire was first mentioned in 1255.

In Grötzingen there is Augustenburg Castle , named after the Margravine Auguste-Maria von Baden-Durlach .

Grötzingen station

The place is divided into Altkircher-, Ober-, Unter- and Mittelviertel. The town hall , which was originally built in 1584 and received its present form in 1688, is located in the central district. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Grötzingen was badly affected by the plague , the Thirty Years War and finally the War of the Palatinate Succession , and some of it was burned down.

Grötzingen Jewish cemetery

In September 1936 there was a small Jewish community with about 20 members in Grötzingen . During the November pogroms on the night of November 9th to 10th, 1938, riots broke out here too. The synagogue was desecrated and badly damaged, but - due to the neighbors' advice that their houses were also at risk - not set on fire. It was finally demolished in early 1939 on behalf of the municipality. This meant that there was no longer any religious community life for the Jews in Grötzingen. After some of them had been deported to the Dachau concentration camp for several weeks, many Jewish families left the country. On October 22, 1940, the last ten people of Jewish faith still living in the village had to get on a truck and were deported to the Camp de Gurs camp in southern France together with the other Jews from Baden and the Palatinate .

On the night of April 24-25, 1944, 600 Allied bombers with 2000 tons of high-explosive and incendiary bombs flew to Karlsruhe. But during the markings, i.e. the dropping of light bombs , so-called Christmas trees, a thunderstorm came up, which meant that Karlsruhe was relatively spared, but the surrounding villages suffered badly. During that night, 24% of Grötzingen was destroyed; three people were killed.

The Grötzinger painter colony was founded in 1889 , the most famous representatives of which were Friedrich Kallmorgen , Margarethe Hormuth-Kallmorgen , Gustav Kampmann , Karl Biese , Franz Hein , Jenny Fikentscher , Otto Fikentscher and Oskar Hagemann . The group finally disbanded in 1903. To this day, many cultural workers from Grötzingen see themselves in this line of tradition.

In the course of the Baden-Württemberg community reform, a vote took place on March 11, 1973 to allow Grötzingen to join the Pfinztal community . 63% voted yes and 36% no, but because of the voter turnout, only 44.58% of those eligible to vote were in favor of joining, so the municipal council was not bound by this vote. After his vote on January 1, 1974, it was incorporated into Karlsruhe.

traffic

The Grötzingen station is on the Karlsruhe – Mühlacker railway line . Here the Kraichgaubahn branches off to Heilbronn . Only Karlsruhe Stadtbahn trains stop at Grötzingen station . The S5 runs via Berghausen to Söllingen , and sometimes continues to Pforzheim . The S4 runs to Öhringen-Cappel via Bretten , Eppingen and Heilbronn. The bus lines 21 and 22 run through Grötzingen and connect it with Durlach and the Turmberg.

Culture and sights

The former Diedelsheimer Mühle, today the Mühlen-Freilichtmuseum, An der Pfinz 27.

Historical tour

In 1991 Hans Knab set up the historical tour to mark the 1000th anniversary of the town , with pictures and texts on 38 information boards providing insights into Grötzingen's past. Parts of the pictures are based on paintings and drawings by his grandfather Friedrich Kallmorgen , a co-founder of the Grötzinger Malerkolonie , an artist colony modeled on Worpswede . In 2012 the boards were replaced by newly designed steles. The texts on the steles are based on the original texts by Knab and have been revised by Simone Maria Dietz.

Tourist routes

In 1888, when the Grötzingen painters' colony was founded, Bertha Benz drove with her two sons from Mannheim via Grötzingen to Pforzheim . The Bertha Benz Memorial Route , which leads through Grötzingen, has been a reminder of this first long-distance automobile journey in history .

literature

• Susanne Asche: A thousand years of Grötzingen. The story of a village. In: Publications of the Karlsruhe City Archives. Vol. 13. Badenia Verlag, Karlsruhe 1991. ISBN 978-3-89735-337-4 .

Web links

Commons : Grötzingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Grötzingen (Karlsruhe) in the Stadtwiki Karlsruhe
• Private website about the historical tour

Individual evidence

1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 481 .
2. ^ Hans Huth: The open-air museum “Diedelsheimer Mühle” in Grötzingen, Karlsruhe district. The rescue of a technical cultural monument. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 2nd year 1973, issue 1, pp. 24-27 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from November 20, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. )